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An engineer must configure an ACL that permits packets which include an ACK in the TCP header Which entry must be included in the ACL?

A.

access-list 10 permit ip any any eq 21 tcp-ack

Answers
A.

access-list 10 permit ip any any eq 21 tcp-ack

B.

access-list 110 permit tcp any any eq 21 tcp-ack

Answers
B.

access-list 110 permit tcp any any eq 21 tcp-ack

C.

access-list 10 permit tcp any any eq 21 established

Answers
C.

access-list 10 permit tcp any any eq 21 established

D.

access-list 110 permit tcp any any eq 21 established

Answers
D.

access-list 110 permit tcp any any eq 21 established

Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

The established keyword is only applicable to TCP access list entries to match TCP segments that have the ACK and/or RST control bit set (regardless of the source and destination ports), which assumes that a TCP connection has already been established in one direction only. Let’s see an example below:

Suppose you only want to allow the hosts inside your company to telnet to an outside server but not vice versa, you can simply use an - ”established” access-list like this:

access-list 100 permit tcp any any established

access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq telnet

!

interface S0/0

ip access-group 100 in

ip access-group 101 out

Note: Suppose host A wants to start communicating with host B using TCP. Before they can send real data, a three-way handshake must be established first. Let‘s see how this process takes place:

1. First host A will send a SYN message (a TCP segment with SYN flag set to 1, SYN is short for

SYNchronize) to indicate it wants to setup a connection with host B. This message includes a sequence (SEQ) number for tracking purpose. This sequence number can be any 32-bit number

(range from 0 to 232) so we use -”x” to represent it.

2. After receiving SYN message from host A, host B replies with SYN-ACK message (some books may call it -SYN/ACK? or -SYN, ACK? message. ACK is short for ACKnowledge). This message includes a SYN sequence number and an ACK number:

+ SYN sequence number (let‘s called it “y”) is a random number and does not have any relationship with Host A‘s SYN SEQ number.

+ ACK number is the next number of Host A‘s SYN sequence number it received, so we represent it with “x+1". It means -I received your part. Now send me the next part (x + 1)”.

The SYN-ACK message indicates host B accepts to talk to host A (via ACK part). And ask if host A still wants to talk to it as well (via SYN part).

3. After Host A received the SYN-ACK message from host B, it sends an ACK message with ACK number “y+1” to host B. This confirms host A still wants to talk to host B.

asked 10/10/2024
Mario Perez Hervas
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