CCSP: Certified Cloud Security Professional

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is an attack where a malicious actor is able to send untrusted data to a user's browser without going through any validation or sanitization processes, or where the code is not properly escaped from processing by the browser. The code is then executed on the user's browser with the user's own access and permissions, allowing an attacker to redirect their web traffic, steal data from their session, or potentially access information on the user's own computer that their browser has the ability to access.

Vendor documentation from the manufacturer of the physical hardware is the best source of best practices for securing the BIOS.

Static application security testing (SAST) is conducted with knowledge of the system, including source code, and is done against offline systems.

The SOAP protocol only supports the XML data format.

The recovery service level (RSL) is a percentage measure of the total typical production service level that needs to be restored to meet BCDR objectives in the case of a failure.

Representational State Transfer (REST) is a software architectural scheme that applies the components, connectors, and data conduits for many web applications used on the Internet. It uses and relies on the HTTP protocol and supports a variety of data formats.

A private cloud model, and the specific contractual relationships involved, will give a cloud customer the most level of input and control over how the overall cloud environment is designed and implemented. This would be even more so in cases where the private cloud is owned and operated by the same organization that is hosting services within it.

The Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act is not an act that pertains to privacy or IT security directly, but rather regulates accounting and financial practices used by organizations. It was passed to protect stakeholders and shareholders from improper practices and errors, and it sets forth rules for compliance, regulated and enforced by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The main influence on IT systems and operations is the requirements it sets for data retention, specifically in regard to what types of records must be preserved and for how long.

When leasing space in a data center, an organization can avoid the enormous startup and building costs associated with a data center, and can instead leverage economies of scale by grouping with other organizations and sharing costs.