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A company's engineering team is developing a new application that creates IAM Key Management Service (IAM KMS) CMK grants for users immediately after a grant IS created users must be able to use the CMK tu encrypt a 512-byte payload. During load testing, a bug appears |intermittently where AccessDeniedExceptions are occasionally triggered when a user rst attempts to encrypt using the CMK Which solution should the c0mpany's security specialist recommend'?
A company Is planning to use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with its on-premises servers. The company has an existing IAM Direct Connect connection established between its on-premises data center and an IAM Region Security policy states that the company's on-premises firewall should only have specific IP addresses added to the allow list and not a CIDR range. The company also wants to restrict access so that only certain data center-based servers have access to Amazon EFS How should a security engineer implement this solution''
A company is implementing new compliance requirements to meet customer needs. According to the new requirements the company must not use any Amazon RDS DB instances or DB clusters that lack encryption of the underlying storage. The company needs a solution that will generate an email alert when an unencrypted DB instance or DB cluster is created. The solution also must terminate the unencrypted DB instance or DB cluster. Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?
A developer has created an AWS Lambda function in a company's development account. The Lambda function requires the use of an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key that exists in a security account that the company's security team controls. The developer obtains the ARN of the KMS key from a previous Lambda function in the development account. The previous Lambda function had been working properly with the KMS key. When the developer uses the ARN and tests the new Lambda function an error message states that access is denied to the KMS key in the security account. The developer tests the previous Lambda function that uses the same KMS key and discovers that the previous Lambda function still can encrypt data as expected. A security engineer must resolve the problem so that the new Lambda function in the development account can use the KMS key from the security account. Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
A company has two AWS accounts: Account A and Account B. Account A has an IAM role that IAM users in Account B assume when they need to upload sensitive documents to Amazon S3 buckets in Account A. A new requirement mandates that users can assume the role only if they are authenticated with multi-factor authentication (MFA). A security engineer must recommend a solution that meets this requirement with minimum risk and effort. Which solution should the security engineer recommend?
A security engineer must use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to design a key management solution for a set of Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes that contain sensitive data. The solution needs to ensure that the key material automatically expires in 90 days. Which solution meets these criteria?
An international company has established a new business entity in South Kore a. The company also has established a new AWS account to contain the workload for the South Korean region. The company has set up the workload in the new account in the ap-northeast-2 Region. The workload consists of three Auto Scaling groups of Amazon EC2 instances. All workloads that operate in this Region must keep system logs and application logs for 7 years. A security engineer must implement a solution to ensure that no logging data is lost for each instance during scaling activities. The solution also must keep the logs for only the required period of 7 years. Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
A company is operating a website using Amazon CloudFornt. CloudFront servers some content from Amazon S3 and other from web servers running EC2 instances behind an Application. Load Balancer (ALB). Amazon DynamoDB is used as the data store. The company already uses IAM Certificate Manager (ACM) to store a public TLS certificate that can optionally secure connections between the website users and CloudFront. The company has a new requirement to enforce end-to-end encryption in transit. Which combination of steps should the company take to meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)
A Development team has built an experimental environment to test a simple stale web application It has built an isolated VPC with a private and a public subnet. The public subnet holds only an Application Load Balancer a NAT gateway, and an internet gateway. The private subnet holds ail of the Amazon EC2 instances There are 3 different types of servers Each server type has its own Security Group that limits access lo only required connectivity. The Security Groups nave both inbound and outbound rules applied Each subnet has both inbound and outbound network ACls applied to limit access to only required connectivity Which of the following should the team check if a server cannot establish an outbound connection to the internet? (Select THREE.)
A company is deploying an Amazon EC2-based application. The application will include a custom health-checking component that produces health status data in JSON format. A Security Engineer must implement a secure solution to monitor application availability in near-real time by analyzing the hearth status data. Which approach should the Security Engineer use?

Question 264 - SCS-C02 discussion

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A company is running an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance in a VPC. The VPC must not send or receive network traffic through the internet.

A security engineer wants to use AWS Secrets Manager to rotate the DB instance credentials automatically. Because of a security policy, the security engineer cannot use the standard AWS Lambda function that Secrets Manager provides to rotate the credentials.

The security engineer deploys a custom Lambda function in the VPC. The custom Lambda function will be responsible for rotating the secret in Secrets Manager. The security engineer edits the DB instance's security group to allow connections from this function. When the function is invoked, the function cannot communicate with Secrets Manager to rotate the secret properly.

What should the security engineer do so that the function can rotate the secret?

A.
Add an egress-only internet gateway to the VPC. Allow only the Lambda function's subnet to route traffic through the egress-only internet gateway.
Answers
A.
Add an egress-only internet gateway to the VPC. Allow only the Lambda function's subnet to route traffic through the egress-only internet gateway.
B.
Add a NAT gateway to the VPC. Configure only the Lambda function's subnet with a default route through the NAT gateway.
Answers
B.
Add a NAT gateway to the VPC. Configure only the Lambda function's subnet with a default route through the NAT gateway.
C.
Configure a VPC peering connection to the default VPC for Secrets Manager. Configure the Lambda function's subnet to use the peering connection for routes.
Answers
C.
Configure a VPC peering connection to the default VPC for Secrets Manager. Configure the Lambda function's subnet to use the peering connection for routes.
D.
Configure a Secrets Manager interface VPC endpoint. Include the Lambda function's private subnet during the configuration process.
Answers
D.
Configure a Secrets Manager interface VPC endpoint. Include the Lambda function's private subnet during the configuration process.
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

You can establish a private connection between your VPC and Secrets Manager by creating an interface VPC endpoint. Interface endpoints are powered by AWS PrivateLink, a technology that enables you to privately access Secrets Manager APIs without an internet gateway, NAT device, VPN connection, or AWS Direct Connect connection.

Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/secretsmanager/latest/userguide/vpc-endpoint-overview.html

The correct answer is D. Configure a Secrets Manager interface VPC endpoint. Include the Lambda function's private subnet during the configuration process.

A Secrets Manager interface VPC endpoint is a private connection between the VPC and Secrets Manager that does not require an internet gateway, NAT device, VPN connection, or AWS Direct Connect connection1. By configuring a Secrets Manager interface VPC endpoint, the security engineer can enable the custom Lambda function to communicate with Secrets Manager without sending or receiving network traffic through the internet. The security engineer must include the Lambda function's private subnet during the configuration process to allow the function to use the endpoint2.

The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

A) An egress-only internet gateway is a VPC component that allows outbound communication over IPv6 from instances in the VPC to the internet, and prevents the internet from initiating an IPv6 connection with the instances3. However, this option does not meet the requirement that the VPC must not send or receive network traffic through the internet. Moreover, an egress-only internet gateway is for use with IPv6 traffic only, and Secrets Manager does not support IPv6 addresses2.

B) A NAT gateway is a VPC component that enables instances in a private subnet to connect to the internet or other AWS services, but prevents the internet from initiating connections with those instances4. However, this option does not meet the requirement that the VPC must not send or receive network traffic through the internet. Additionally, a NAT gateway requires an elastic IP address, which is a public IPv4 address4.

C) A VPC peering connection is a networking connection between two VPCs that enables you to route traffic between them using private IPv4 addresses or IPv6 addresses5. However, this option does not work because Secrets Manager does not have a default VPC that can be peered with. Furthermore, a VPC peering connection does not provide a private connection to Secrets Manager APIs without an internet gateway or other devices2.

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asked 16/09/2024
Karol Ligęza
28 questions
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