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Question 455 - N10-008 discussion

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Which of the following situations would require an engineer to configure subinterfaces?

A.
In a router-on-a-stick deployment with multiple VLANs
Answers
A.
In a router-on-a-stick deployment with multiple VLANs
B.
In order to enable inter-VLAN routing on a multilayer switch
Answers
B.
In order to enable inter-VLAN routing on a multilayer switch
C.
When configuring VLAN trunk links between switches
Answers
C.
When configuring VLAN trunk links between switches
D.
After connecting a router that does not support 802.1Q VLAN tags
Answers
D.
After connecting a router that does not support 802.1Q VLAN tags
Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

A router-on-a-stick is a configuration that allows a single router interface to route traffic between multiple VLANs on a network1. A router-on-a-stick requires sub-interfaces to be configured on the router interface, one for each VLAN. Each sub-interface is assigned a VLAN ID and an IP address that belongs to the corresponding VLAN subnet. The router interface is connected to a switch port that is configured as a trunk port, which allows traffic from multiple VLANs to pass through. The router then performs inter-VLAN routing by forwarding packets between the sub-interfaces based on their destination IP addresses.

Inter-VLAN routing is a process that allows devices on different VLANs to communicate with each other. Inter-VLAN routing can be performed by a router-on-a-stick configuration, as explained above, or by a multilayer switch that has routing capabilities. A multilayer switch does not require sub- interfaces to be configured for inter-VLAN routing; instead, it uses switch virtual interfaces (SVIs) that are associated with each VLAN. An SVI is a logical interface that represents a VLAN on a switch and has an IP address that belongs to the VLAN subnet. The switch then performs inter-VLAN routing by forwarding packets between the SVIs based on their destination IP addresses. VLAN trunking is a method that allows traffic from multiple VLANs to be carried over a single link between switches or routers. VLAN trunking requires the use of a tagging protocol, such as 802.1Q, that adds a header to each frame that identifies its VLAN ID. VLAN trunking does not require sub- interfaces to be configured on the switches or routers; instead, it uses trunk ports that are configured to allow or deny traffic from specific VLANs. The switches or routers then forward packets between the trunk ports based on their VLAN IDs.

802.1Q is a standard that defines how VLAN tagging and trunking are performed on Ethernet networks. 802.1Q adds a 4-byte header to each frame that contains a 12-bit field for the VLAN ID and a 3-bit field for the priority level. 802.1Q does not require sub-interfaces to be configured on the switches or routers; instead, it uses trunk ports that are configured to support 802.1Q tagging and untagging. The switches or routers then forward packets between the trunk ports based on their VLAN IDs and priority levels.

asked 02/10/2024
Khoi Le
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