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Question 1

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During a security audit, a penetration tester wants to run a process to gather information about a target network's domain structure and associated IP addresses. Which of the following tools should

Question 2

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During an external penetration test, a tester receives the following output from a tool: test.comptia.org info.comptia.org vpn.comptia.org exam.comptia.org Which of the following commands did t

Question 3

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A penetration tester is developing the rules of engagement for a potential client. Which of the following would most likely be a function of the rules of engagement?

Question 4

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A penetration tester is authorized to perform a DoS attack against a host on a network. Given the following input: ip = IP('192.168.50.2') tcp = TCP(sport=RandShort(), dport=80, flags='S') raw =

Question 5

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Which of the following components should a penetration tester include in an assessment report?

Question 6

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Which of the following tasks would ensure the key outputs from a penetration test are not lost as part of the cleanup and restoration activities?

Question 7

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In a cloud environment, a security team discovers that an attacker accessed confidential information that was used to configure virtual machines during their initialization. Through which of the fol

Question 8

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During an engagement, a penetration tester needs to break the key for the Wi-Fi network that uses WPA2 encryption. Which of the following attacks would accomplish this objective?

Question 9

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During a security assessment, a penetration tester needs to exploit a vulnerability in a wireless network's authentication mechanism to gain unauthorized access to the network. Which of the followin

Question 10

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During a security assessment, a penetration tester needs to exploit a vulnerability in a wireless network's authentication mechanism to gain unauthorized access to the network. Which of the followin

Question 66 - PT0-003 discussion

During the reconnaissance phase, a penetration tester collected the following information from the DNS records:

A-----> www

A-----> host

TXT --> vpn.comptia.org

SPF---> ip =2.2.2.2

Which of the following DNS records should be in place to avoid phishing attacks using spoofing domain techniques?

SOA

DMARC

CNAME

Suggested answer: C

Explanation:

DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance) is an email authentication protocol that helps prevent email spoofing and phishing. It builds on SPF (Sender Policy Framework) and DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) to provide a mechanism for email senders and receivers to improve and monitor the protection of the domain from fraudulent email.

Step-by-Step Explanation

Understanding DMARC:

SPF: Defines which IP addresses are allowed to send emails on behalf of a domain.

DKIM: Provides a way to check that an email claiming to come from a specific domain was indeed authorized by the owner of that domain.

DMARC: Uses SPF and DKIM to determine the authenticity of an email and specifies what action to take if the email fails the authentication checks.

Implementing DMARC:

Create a DMARC policy in your DNS records. This policy can specify to reject, quarantine, or take no action on emails that fail SPF or DKIM checks.

Example DMARC record: v=DMARC1; p=reject; rua=mailto:[email protected];

Benefits of DMARC:

Helps to prevent email spoofing and phishing attacks.

Provides visibility into email sources through reports.

Enhances domain reputation by ensuring only legitimate emails are sent from the domain.

DMARC Record Components:

v: Version of DMARC.

p: Policy for handling emails that fail the DMARC check (none, quarantine, reject).

rua: Reporting URI of aggregate reports.

ruf: Reporting URI of forensic reports.

pct: Percentage of messages subjected to filtering.

Real-World Example:

A company sets up a DMARC policy with p=reject to ensure that any emails failing SPF or DKIM checks are rejected outright, significantly reducing the risk of phishing attacks using their domain.

Reference from Pentesting Literature:

In 'Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking,' DMARC is mentioned as part of email security protocols to prevent phishing.

HTB write-ups often highlight the importance of DMARC in securing email communications and preventing spoofing attacks.

Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking

HTB Official Writeups

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asked 02/10/2024

Rodrigo Valencia

42 questions

Your answer: A B C D

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