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Question 30 - 312-50v12 discussion

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You are the Network Admin, and you get a complaint that some of the websites are no longer accessible. You try to ping the servers and find them to be reachable. Then you type the IP address and then you try on the browser, and find it to be accessible. But they are not accessible when you try using the URL.

What may be the problem?

A.
Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 53
Answers
A.
Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 53
B.
Traffic is Blocked on TCP Port 80
Answers
B.
Traffic is Blocked on TCP Port 80
C.
Traffic is Blocked on TCP Port 54
Answers
C.
Traffic is Blocked on TCP Port 54
D.
Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 80
Answers
D.
Traffic is Blocked on UDP Port 80
Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

Most likely have an issue with DNS.

DNS stands for "Domain Name System." It's a system that lets you connect to websites by matching human-readable domain names (like example.com) with the server's unique ID where a website is stored.

Think of the DNS system as the internet's phonebook. It lists domain names with their corresponding identifiers called IP addresses, instead of listing people's names with their phone numbers. When a user enters a domain name like wpbeginner.com on their device, it looks up the IP address and connects them to the physical location where that website is stored.

NOTE: Often DNS lookup information will be cached locally inside the querying computer or remotely in the DNS infrastructure. There are typically 8 steps in a DNS lookup. When DNS information is cached, steps are skipped from the DNS lookup process, making it quicker. The example below outlines all 8 steps when nothing is cached.

The 8 steps in a DNS lookup:

1. A user types 'example.com' into a web browser, and the query travels into the Internet and is received by a DNS recursive resolver; 2. The resolver then queries a DNS root nameserver; 3. The root server then responds to the resolver with the address of a Top-Level Domain (TLD) DNS server (such as .com or .net), which stores the information for its domains. When searching for example.com, our request is pointed toward the .com TLD; 4. The resolver then requests the .com TLD; 5. The TLD server then responds with the IP address of the domain's nameserver, example.com; 6. Lastly, the recursive resolver sends a query to the domain's nameserver; 7. The IP address for example.com is then returned to the resolver from the nameserver; 8. The DNS resolver then responds to the web browser with the IP address of the domain requested initially; Once the 8 steps of the DNS lookup have returned the IP address for example.com, the browser can request the web page:

9. The browser makes an HTTP request to the IP address; 10. The server at that IP returns the webpage to be rendered in the browser.

NOTE 2: DNS primarily uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port number 53 to serve requests.

And if this port is blocked, then a problem arises already in the first step. But the ninth step is performed without problems.

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asked 18/09/2024
Bogdan Karolic
39 questions
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