ECCouncil 112-51 Practice Test - Questions Answers

The correct sequence of steps involved in the creation of a data retention policy is 3 -> 1 -> 4 -> 5 -> 2. This is based on the following description of the data retention policy creation process from the web search results:

Build a team: To design a data retention policy, you need a team of industry experts, such as legal, IT, compliance, and business representatives, who can contribute their knowledge and perspectives to the policy. The team should have a clear leader who can coordinate the tasks and communicate the goals and expectations1.

Determine legal requirements: The team should research and understand the applicable legal and regulatory requirements for data retention that affect the organization, such as GDPR, HIPAA, PCI DSS, etc. The team should also consider any contractual obligations or industry standards that may influence the data retention policy2134.

Identify and classify the data: The team should inventory and categorize all the data that the organization collects, stores, and processes, based on their function, subject, or type. The team should also assess the value, risk, and sensitivity of each data category, and determine the appropriate retention period, format, and location for each data category2134.

Develop the data retention policy: The team should draft the data retention policy document that outlines the purpose, scope, roles, responsibilities, procedures, and exceptions of the data retention policy. The policy should be clear, concise, and consistent, and should reflect the legal and business requirements of the organization. The policy should also include a data retention schedule that specifies the retention period and disposition method for each data category2134.

Ensure that all employees understand the organization's data retention policy: The team should communicate and distribute the data retention policy to all the relevant employees and stakeholders, and provide training and guidance on how to comply with the policy. The team should also monitor and enforce the policy, and review and update the policy regularly to reflect any changes in the legal or business environment2134.

How to Create a Data Retention Policy | Smartsheet, Smartsheet, July 17, 2019

What Is a Data Retention Policy? Best Practices + Template, Drata, November 29, 2023

Data Retention Policy: What It Is and How to Create One - SpinOne, SpinOne, 2020

How to Develop and Implement a Retention Policy - SecureScan, SecureScan, 2020

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) is a US law that was enacted in 2002 in response to the corporate scandals involving Enron, WorldCom, and others. The SOX aims to protect the public and investors by increasing the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures, such as financial statements, audit reports, and internal controls. The SOX also establishes the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) to oversee the auditing of public companies and imposes criminal penalties for fraud and non-compliance12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) | U.S. Department of Labor

A wireless repeater is a wireless network component that takes a signal from one access point and boosts its signal strength to create a new network. A wireless repeater can extend the range of a wireless network by repeating the signal from the original access point. This way, the wireless repeater can provide network connectivity to areas that are inaccessible to capture direct signals from the access point. In the scenario, Robert used a wireless repeater to provide network connectivity to all areas12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Understanding the Wireless Network Components

Centralized authentication is a method that uses a central server to authenticate users and devices on a network. The central server stores the credentials and access rights of the users and devices, and verifies them when they request to access the network resources. The central server can also provide encryption keys to the users and devices for secure communication. In the scenario, Jessica's laptop and the access point use a RADIUS server as the central server for authentication. The RADIUS server transmits authentication keys to both the access point and Jessica's laptop, which helps the access point identify the wireless client12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Centralized Authentication: What It Is and How It Works

A firewall is a software or a hardware device on a network or host that filters the incoming and outgoing traffic to prevent unauthorized access to private networks. A firewall can use various criteria, such as IP addresses, ports, protocols, or application rules, to allow or deny the traffic. A firewall can also perform other functions, such as logging, auditing, encryption, or proxy services. A firewall can be deployed at different levels of a network, such as network perimeter, network segment, or host level12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Firewall (computing) - Wikipedia

A VPN protocol is a component of VPN that is used to manage tunnels and encapsulate private data. A VPN protocol defines the rules and standards for establishing and maintaining a secure connection between the VPN client and the VPN server. A VPN protocol also specifies how the data is encrypted, authenticated, and transmitted over the tunnel. Some common VPN protocols are IPSec, SSL/TLS, PPTP, L2TP, and OpenVPN12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, VPN Protocols Explained & Compared: OpenVPN, IPSec, PPTP, IKEv2

Containerization is a practice that helps security professionals protect mobile applications from various attacks. Containerization is a technique that isolates critical corporate data from the rest of the device data and applications. Containerization creates a secure and encrypted environment on the device where the corporate data and applications can be accessed and managed. This way, containerization prevents unauthorized access, data leakage, malware infection, or device theft from compromising the corporate data and applications12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Mobile Application Security: Containerization vs. App Wrapping vs. SDK

The communication layer of IoT architecture employs protocols and networks for connecting, sending, and receiving data between devices and network. The communication layer is responsible for enabling data exchange among the IoT devices and the cloud or other devices. The communication layer can use various types of networks, such as wired, wireless, cellular, or satellite, and various types of protocols, such as TCP/IP, MQTT, CoAP, or ZigBee12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, IoT Architecture: The 4 Layers of an IoT System