Cisco 200-201 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 32

A greylist in endpoint applications refers to a list of items that are not yet classified as either good (whitelisted) or bad (blacklisted).

The primary function of a greylist is to hold applications, processes, or files that are under observation due to their unknown status.

These items are neither trusted nor immediately flagged as harmful, allowing security teams to monitor them closely for any suspicious behavior.

By placing items on a greylist, security operations can prevent potential threats without disrupting legitimate processes, awaiting further analysis to determine their true nature.

Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals

Endpoint Security Best Practices

Greylisting Concepts in Cybersecurity

Statistical data is crucial for detecting anomalies within a network because it provides a baseline of normal behavior.

Anomaly detection involves comparing current network data against historical statistical data to identify deviations from expected patterns.

This method helps in identifying unusual activities that could signify a security threat, such as unusual login attempts, data transfers, or access patterns.

Statistical data analysis tools use metrics such as mean, variance, and standard deviation to flag anomalies, aiding in proactive threat detection.

Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals

Network Anomaly Detection Techniques

Statistical Methods in Cybersecurity

Wireshark is a widely used network protocol analyzer that supports various capture file formats, including those generated by tcpdump.

The .pcap extension is a standard format for packet capture files and is fully supported by Wireshark.

The file extension or the inclusion of characters such as '-' in the file name does not impact Wireshark's ability to open and read the file.

When the engineer opens the sandboxmatware2022-12-22.pcaps file in Wireshark, the tool will read the packet capture data, allowing for detailed analysis of network traffic.

Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals

Wireshark User Guide

tcpdump and libpcap Documentation

The Cuckoo sandbox report shows the analysis results of a file named 'VirusShare_fc1937c1aa536b3744ebfb1716fd5f4d'.

The file type is identified as a PE32 executable for MS Windows.

The 'Yara' section indicates that the file contains shellcode, which matches specific shellcode byte patterns.

Shellcode typically indicates that the file will execute a payload, often used to open a command interpreter or execute commands directly.

Additionally, the antivirus result shows that the file was identified as containing a trojan (Trojan.Generic.7654828), which is consistent with behaviors such as opening a command interpreter for malicious purposes.

Cuckoo Sandbox Documentation

Analysis of Shellcode Behavior

Understanding Trojan Malware Functionality

The security scenario involves protecting the company from known issues that trigger adware and addressing a recent incident that could harm the system.

This scenario involves identifying vulnerabilities (weaknesses in the system that can be exploited) and threats (potential harm that can exploit these vulnerabilities).

A vulnerability is an inherent flaw in the system, while a threat is an event or condition that has the potential to exploit the vulnerability.

The security engineer needs to assess both the vulnerabilities present and the threats that could exploit these vulnerabilities to implement effective protection measures.

Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals

Concepts of Vulnerability and Threat in Cybersecurity

Best Practices in Vulnerability Management

The regular expression provided is: .\.(pd][Oo][Cc)|[Xx][LI][Ss]|[Pp][Pp][Tt]) HTTP/1 .[01]

This regular expression is designed to match file extensions for Word (.doc), Excel (.xls), and PowerPoint (.ppt) files in HTTP network sessions.

The regular expression uses character classes and alternatives to match different case variations of these file extensions.

The part .\.(pd][Oo][Cc)|[Xx][LI][Ss]|[Pp][Pp][Tt]) matches the file extensions, and HTTP/1 .[01] ensures that the match is in the context of HTTP version 1.0 or 1.1.

Cisco ASA Regular Expressions Documentation

Understanding Regular Expressions in Network Security

Filtering and Capturing HTTP Traffic with Regex

Rule-based detection methods rely on predefined rules and patterns that are known beforehand. These rules are created based on prior knowledge of what constitutes normal and abnormal behavior.

Statistical detection, on the other hand, involves analyzing data to identify anomalies. It is based on assumptions about what normal behavior looks like and uses statistical methods to detect deviations from this norm.

Rule-based systems are typically straightforward but may miss novel attacks that do not match existing rules.

Statistical methods can detect previously unknown threats by recognizing patterns that deviate from established baselines but may produce more false positives.

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) Concepts

Comparative Studies on Rule-based and Statistical Anomaly Detection

Understanding Anomaly Detection in Network Security

Rule-based detection methods rely on predefined rules and patterns that are known beforehand. These rules are created based on prior knowledge of what constitutes normal and abnormal behavior.

Statistical detection, on the other hand, involves analyzing data to identify anomalies. It is based on assumptions about what normal behavior looks like and uses statistical methods to detect deviations from this norm.

Rule-based systems are typically straightforward but may miss novel attacks that do not match existing rules.

Statistical methods can detect previously unknown threats by recognizing patterns that deviate from established baselines but may produce more false positives.

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) Concepts

Comparative Studies on Rule-based and Statistical Anomaly Detection

Understanding Anomaly Detection in Network Security

The exhibit shows an HTTP GET request with a parameter that includes ; /bin/sh -c id.

This indicates a command injection attempt, where the attacker is trying to execute shell commands on the server.

Command injection vulnerabilities allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the host operating system via a vulnerable application.

The use of /bin/sh and the -c flag is typical in command injection exploits to run shell commands, such as id, which returns user identity information.

OWASP Command Injection

Analyzing HTTP Requests for Injection Attacks

Web Application Security Testing Guidelines