ECCouncil 312-40 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 10

1.Data Characteristics: The hospital's database system contains rarely-accessed, sensitive medical records, including high-resolution images, which require secure and cost-effective long-term storage1.

1.Azure Archive Storage: Azure Archive Storage is designed for data that is rarely accessed and has flexible latency requirements. It offers a cost-effective solution for storing large volumes of data that does not need to be accessed frequently1.

1.Security and Compliance: Azure Archive Storage provides secure storage for sensitive medical data, ensuring compliance with healthcare regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR1.

1.Cost Efficiency: By using Azure Archive Storage, the hospital can significantly reduce storage costs compared to storing data on higher-performance tiers that are intended for frequently accessed data1.

1.Exclusion of Other Options: Azure Backup and Azure Recovery Services Vault are primarily used for backup and disaster recovery, not for archiving. Azure File Sync is used for syncing files across multiple locations and is not optimized for archival purposes1.

Microsoft Azure's official page on Azure Archive Storage1.

1.Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS): DRaaS is a third-party service that provides organizations with a secondary site infrastructure, which employs cloud computing for application and data recovery from synchronous or asynchronous replication1.

1.Fault Tolerance and Redundancy: A fault-tolerant disaster recovery site with fully redundant equipment ensures that all critical systems and components have backups ready to take over in case of failure1.

1.Real-Time Data Synchronization: This feature ensures that data is continuously mirrored to the disaster recovery site, allowing for real-time recovery and zero data loss during failover1.

1.Hot Site: A hot site is a fully operational offsite data center equipped with hardware and software, network connectivity, and real-time data synchronization. It is ready to assume operation at a moment's notice, which aligns with the description provided1.

1.Minimal Downtime: The use of a hot site allows for minimal downtime during a disaster, as the site is already running and can take over immediately without the need to set up or configure equipment1.

Flexential's explanation of Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS)1.

1.Amazon Inspector: It is an automated security assessment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS1.

1.Automated Scans: Amazon Inspector automatically scans workloads, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, and Lambda functions, for vulnerabilities and unintended network exposure1.

1.Security Best Practices: It checks for deviations from best practices and provides detailed findings that include information about the nature of the threat, the affected resources, and recommendations for remediation1.

1.Integration with AWS: As an AWS-native service, Amazon Inspector is well-integrated into the AWS ecosystem, making it suitable for Richard's requirements to secure applications before deployment and while running1.

1.Exclusion of Other Options: AWS CloudFormation is used for infrastructure as code, AWS Control Tower for governance, and Amazon CloudFront for content delivery, none of which are automated security assessment services1.

AWS's official page on Amazon Inspector1.

To prevent employees from accessing restricted or inappropriate web pages, the security team of TechnoSoft Pvt. Ltd. should implement URL filtering.

1.URL Filtering: This technique involves blocking access to specific URLs or websites based on a defined set of rules or categories. It is used to enforce web browsing policies and prevent access to sites that are not permitted in the workplace.

1.Implementation:

oPolicy Definition: The security team defines policies that categorize websites and determine which categories should be blocked.

oFiltering Solution: A URL filtering solution is deployed, which can be part of a firewall, a secure web gateway, or a standalone system.

oEnforcement: The URL filter enforces the policies by inspecting web requests and allowing or blocking access based on the URL's classification.

1.Benefits of URL Filtering:

oControl Web Access: Helps control employee web usage by preventing access to non-work-related or inappropriate sites.

oEnhance Security: Reduces the risk of exposure to web-based threats such as phishing, malware, and other malicious content.

oCompliance: Assists in maintaining compliance with organizational policies and regulatory requirements.

Best Practices for Implementing Web Filtering and Monitoring.

Guide to URL Filtering Solutions for Enterprise Security.

Chris Noth is looking to manage user identities and automate the provisioning and de-provisioning of users in cloud-based services and applications. The IAM standard that supports this functionality is SCIM (System for Cross-domain Identity Management).

1.SCIM Overview: SCIM is an open standard designed to manage user identity information across different domains. It simplifies user management in cloud-based applications and services by allowing for automated user provisioning and de-provisioning1.

1.Automated Provisioning: With SCIM, when new users are added to an organization's system, their identities can be automatically provisioned across various cloud services without manual intervention1.

1.Automated De-provisioning: Similarly, when users leave the organization or their roles change, SCIM can ensure that their access is automatically revoked or adjusted across all connected services. This reduces the risk of former employees retaining access to sensitive systems and data1.

1.Why Not the Others?:

oXACML (eXtensible Access Control Markup Language) is used for defining access control policies, not for identity provisioning.

oOpenID is an authentication standard that allows users to be authenticated by certain co-operating sites using a third-party service, without the need for passwords.

oOAuth is an open standard for access delegation, commonly used as a way for Internet users to grant websites or applications access to their information on other websites but without giving them the passwords.

MajorKey Tech: What is Provisioning and De-provisioning in IAM1.

SailPoint: What is automated provisioning?2.

Nestmeter: Streamlining Security: User Provisioning and Deprovisioning with IAM3.

Cosmic IT Services is looking to set business goals and objectives for cloud computing using the COBIT framework. The IT governance body that offers COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology) is the Information System Audit and Control Association (ISACA).

1.COBIT Overview: COBIT is a framework for developing, implementing, monitoring, and improving IT governance and management practices. It is a comprehensive framework that aligns IT goals with business objectives1.

1.ISACA's Role: ISACA is the organization that developed and maintains the COBIT framework. It provides guidance, benchmarks, and other materials for managing and governing enterprise IT environments1.

1.Setting Business Goals: By utilizing COBIT, Cosmic IT Services can establish a structured approach to align IT processes with business goals, ensuring that their cloud computing initiatives support the overall objectives of the organization1.

1.Why Not the Others?:

oISO (International Standards Organization) develops and publishes a wide range of proprietary, industrial, and commercial standards, but it is not the governing body for COBIT.

oCSA (Cloud Security Alliance) specializes in best practices for security assurance within cloud computing, and while it provides valuable resources, it does not govern COBIT.

oCOSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations) focuses on internal control, enterprise risk management, and fraud deterrence, but does not offer COBIT.

ISACA: COBIT | Control Objectives for Information Technologies1.

CIO: What is COBIT? A framework for alignment and governance2.

ITSM Docs: IT Governance COBIT3.

1.Block-Level Storage: Block-level storage is a type of data storage typically used for storing file systems and handling raw storage volumes. It allows for individual management of data blocks1.

1.Amazon EBS: Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) provides high-performance block storage service designed for use with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) for both throughput and transaction-intensive workloads at any scale2.

1.Data Types: Amazon EBS is suitable for structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data, making it a versatile choice for Christina's organization's needs2.

1.Use Cases: Common use cases for Amazon EBS include databases, enterprise applications, containerized applications, big data analytics engines, file systems, and media workflows2.

1.Exclusion of Other Options: Amazon Glacier is for long-term archival storage, Amazon EFS is for file storage, and Amazon S3 is for object storage. These services do not provide block-level storage like Amazon EBS does3.

AWS's official page on Amazon EBS2.

AWS's explanation of block storage1.

1.AWS CloudTrail: AWS CloudTrail is an AWS service that helps you enable operational and risk auditing, governance, and compliance of your AWS account1.

1.Event History: CloudTrail records actions taken by a user, role, or an AWS service as events. This includes actions taken in the AWS Management Console, AWS Command Line Interface, and AWS SDKs and APIs1.

1.Security Analysis: By providing a history of AWS account activity, CloudTrail enables security analysis and resource change tracking, which is essential for detecting unusual activities1.

1.Compliance: CloudTrail supports compliance by providing an immutable log of all the management events that occurred within the AWS account, which is crucial for audit trails1.

1.Operational Auditing: It allows organizations to conduct operational auditing by keeping track of user and API activity on AWS, which can be used to identify security incidents1.

AWS CloudTrail User Guide1.

1.Amazon CloudTrail: AWS CloudTrail is a service that enables governance, compliance, operational auditing, and risk auditing of your AWS account1.

1.API Call History: It provides an event history of your AWS account activity, including actions taken through the AWS Management Console, AWS SDKs, command line tools, and other AWS services1.

1.Security Analysis: The AWS API call history produced by CloudTrail enables security analysis, resource change tracking, and compliance auditing1.

1.Operational Auditing: CloudTrail continuously monitors and logs account activity across all AWS services, including actions taken by a user, role, or AWS service1.

1.Compliance Auditing: CloudTrail logs provide detailed records of all API calls, which can be used to audit compliance with regulatory standards like HIPAA and PCI2.

AWS Security Hub documentation on CloudTrail controls1.

Medium article on exploring AWS CloudTrail2.