In the context of Windows Security, what is a 'null' user?

A pseudo account that has no username and password

An account that has been suspended by the admin

A pseudo account that has no username and password

A pseudo account that was created for security administration purpose

What does the following command in netcat do? nc -l -u -p55555 < /etc/passwd

grabs the /etc/passwd file when connected to UDP port 55555

logs the incoming connections to /etc/passwd file

loads the /etc/passwd file to the UDP port 55555

grabs the /etc/passwd file when connected to UDP port 55555

deletes the /etc/passwd file when connected to the UDP port 55555

In this attack, a victim receives an e-mail claiming from PayPal stating that their account has been disabled and confirmation is required before activation. The attackers then scam to collect not one but two credit card numbers, ATM PIN number and other personal details. Ignorant users usually fall prey to this scam.Which of the following statement is incorrect related to this attack?

Antivirus, anti-spyware, and firewall software can very easily detect these type of attacks

Do not reply to email messages or popup ads asking for personal or financial information

Do not trust telephone numbers in e-mails or popup ads

Review credit card and bank account statements regularly

Antivirus, anti-spyware, and firewall software can very easily detect these type of attacks

Do not send credit card numbers, and personal or financial information via e-mail

Bob is going to perform an active session hijack against Brownies Inc. He has found a target that allows session oriented connections (Telnet) and performs the sequence prediction on the target operating system. He manages to find an active session due to the high level of traffic on the network. What is Bob supposed to do next?

Take one of the parties offline

Nathan is testing some of his network devices. Nathan is using Macof to try and flood the ARP cache of these switches.If these switches' ARP cache is successfully flooded, what will be the result?

The switches will drop into hub mode if the ARP cache is successfully flooded.

If the ARP cache is flooded, the switches will drop into pix mode making it less susceptible to attacks.

Depending on the switch manufacturer, the device will either delete every entry in its ARP cache or reroute packets to the nearest switch.

The switches will route all traffic to the broadcast address created collisions.

The network administrator at Spears Technology, Inc has configured the default gateway Cisco router's access-list as below:You are hired to conduct security testing on their network.You successfully brute-force the SNMP community string using a SNMP crack tool.The access-list configured at the router prevents you from establishing a successful connection.You want to retrieve the Cisco configuration from the router. How would you proceed?

Run a network sniffer and capture the returned traffic with the configuration file from the router

Send a customized SNMP set request with a spoofed source IP address in the range -192.168.1.0

Use the Cisco's TFTP default password to connect and download the configuration file

Run a network sniffer and capture the returned traffic with the configuration file from the router

Run Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunneling protocol from your computer to the router masking your IP address

Send a customized SNMP set request with a spoofed source IP address in the range -192.168.1.0

You work for Acme Corporation as Sales Manager. The company has tight network security restrictions. You are trying to steal data from the company's Sales database (Sales.xls) and transfer them to your home computer. Your company filters and monitors traffic that leaves from the internal network to the Internet. How will you achieve this without raising suspicion?

You can conceal the Sales.xls database in another file like photo.jpg or other files and send it out in an innocent looking email or file transfer using Steganography techniques

Encrypt the Sales.xls using PGP and e-mail it to your personal gmail account

Package the Sales.xls using Trojan wrappers and telnet them back your home computer

You can conceal the Sales.xls database in another file like photo.jpg or other files and send it out in an innocent looking email or file transfer using Steganography techniques

Change the extension of Sales.xls to sales.txt and upload them as attachment to your hotmail account

Study the snort rule given below and interpret the rule. alert tcp any any --> 192.168.1.0/24 111 (content:"|00 01 86 a5|"; msG. "mountd access";)

An alert is generated when a TCP packet originating from any IP address is seen on the network and destined for any IP address on the 192.168.1.0 subnet on port 111

An alert is generated when a TCP packet is generated from any IP on the 192.168.1.0 subnet and destined to any IP on port 111

An alert is generated when any packet other than a TCP packet is seen on the network and destined for the 192.168.1.0 subnet

An alert is generated when a TCP packet is originated from port 111 of any IP address to the 192.168.1.0 subnet

An alert is generated when a TCP packet originating from any IP address is seen on the network and destined for any IP address on the 192.168.1.0 subnet on port 111

Fred is the network administrator for his company. Fred is testing an internal switch.From an external IP address, Fred wants to try and trick this switch into thinking it already has established a session with his computer. How can Fred accomplish this?

Fred can send an IP packet to the switch with the ACK bit and the source address of his machine.

Fred can accomplish this by sending an IP packet with the RST/SIN bit and the source address of his computer.

He can send an IP packet with the SYN bit and the source address of his computer.

Fred can send an IP packet with the ACK bit set to zero and the source address of the switch.

Fred can send an IP packet to the switch with the ACK bit and the source address of his machine.

Within the context of Computer Security, which of the following statements describes Social Engineering best?

Social Engineering is the act of getting needed information from a person rather than breaking into a system

Social Engineering is the act of publicly disclosing information

Social Engineering is the means put in place by human resource to perform time accounting

Social Engineering is the act of getting needed information from a person rather than breaking into a system

Social Engineering is a training program within sociology studies

In Trojan terminology, what is a covert channel?

A channel that transfers information within a computer system or network in a way that violates the security policy

A legitimate communication path within a computer system or network for transfer of data

It is a kernel operation that hides boot processes and services to mask detection

It is Reverse tunneling technique that uses HTTPS protocol instead of HTTP protocol to establishconnections

When a normal TCP connection starts, a destination host receives a SYN (synchronize/start) packet from a source host and sends back a SYN/ACK (synchronize acknowledge). The destination host must then hear an ACK (acknowledge) of the SYN/ACK before the connection is established. This is referred to as the "TCP three-way handshake." While waiting for the ACK to the SYN ACK, a connection queue of finite size on the destination host keeps track of connections waiting to be completed. This queue typically empties quickly since the ACK is expected to arrive a few milliseconds after the SYN ACK.How would an attacker exploit this design by launching TCP SYN attack?

Attacker floods TCP SYN packets with random source addresses towards a victim host

Attacker generates TCP SYN packets with random destination addresses towards a victim host

Attacker floods TCP SYN packets with random source addresses towards a victim host

Attacker generates TCP ACK packets with random source addresses towards a victim host

Attacker generates TCP RST packets with random source addresses towards a victim host

Yancey is a network security administrator for a large electric company. This company provides power for over 100, 000 people in Las Vegas. Yancey has worked for his company for over 15 years and has become very successful. One day, Yancey comes in to work and finds out that the company will be downsizing and he will be out of a job in two weeks. Yancey is very angry and decides to place logic bombs, viruses, Trojans, and backdoors all over the network to take down the company once he has left. Yancey does not care if his actions land him in jail for 30 or more years, he just wants the company to pay for what they are doing to him.What would Yancey be considered?

Yancey would be considered a Suicide Hacker

Since he does not care about going to jail, he would be considered a Black Hat

Because Yancey works for the company currently; he would be a White Hat

Yancey is a Hacktivist Hacker since he is standing up to a company that is downsizing

You receive an e-mail like the one shown below. When you click on the link contained in the mail, you are redirected to a website seeking you to download free Anti-Virus software.Dear valued customers, We are pleased to announce the newest version of Antivirus 2010 for Windows which will probe you with total security against the latest spyware, malware, viruses, Trojans and other online threats.Simply visit the link below and enter your antivirus code: or you may contact us at the following address:Media Internet Consultants, Edif. Neptuno, PlantaBaja, Ave. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Tumba Muerto, n/a PanamaHow will you determine if this is Real Anti-Virus or Fake Anti-Virus website?

Search using the URL and Anti-Virus product name into Google and lookout for suspicious warnings against this site

Look at the website design, if it looks professional then it is a Real Anti-Virus website

Connect to the site using SSL, if you are successful then the website is genuine

Search using the URL and Anti-Virus product name into Google and lookout for suspicious warnings against this site

Download and install Anti-Virus software from this suspicious looking site, your Windows 7 will prompt you and stop the installation if the downloaded file is a malware

Every company needs a formal written document which spells out to employees precisely what they are allowed to use the company's systems for, what is prohibited, and what will happen to them if they break the rules. Two printed copies of the policy should be given to every employee as soon as possible after they join the organization. The employee should be asked to sign one copy, which should be safely filed by the company. No one should be allowed to use the company's computer systems until they have signed the policy in acceptance of its terms.What is this document called?

Information Security Policy (ISP)

Penetration Testing Policy (PTP)

Company Compliance Policy (CCP)

Take a look at the following attack on a Web Server using obstructed URL: How would you protect from these attacks?

Create rules in IDS to alert on strange Unicode requests

Configure the Web Server to deny requests involving "hex encoded" characters

Create rules in IDS to alert on strange Unicode requests

Use SSL authentication on Web Servers

Enable Active Scripts Detection at the firewall and routers

Switches maintain a CAM Table that maps individual MAC addresses on the network to physical ports on the switch. In MAC flooding attack, a switch is fed with many Ethernet frames, each containing different source MAC addresses, by the attacker. Switches have a limited memory for mapping various MAC addresses to physical ports. What happens when the CAM table becomes full?

Switch then acts as hub by broadcasting packets to all machines on the network

The CAM overflow table will cause the switch to crash causing Denial of Service

The switch replaces outgoing frame switch factory default MAC address of FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF

Every packet is dropped and the switch sends out SNMP alerts to the IDS port

You went to great lengths to install all the necessary technologies to prevent hacking attacks, such as expensive firewalls, antivirus software, anti-spam systems and intrusion detection/prevention tools in your company's network. You have configured the most secure policies and tightened every device on your network. You are confident that hackers will never be able to gain access to your network with complex security system in place.Your peer, Peter Smith who works at the same department disagrees with you.He says even the best network security technologies cannot prevent hackers gaining access to the network because of presence of "weakest link" in the security chain.What is Peter Smith talking about?

Untrained staff or ignorant computer users who inadvertently become the weakest link in your security chain

"zero-day" exploits are the weakest link in the security chain since the IDS will not be able to detect these attacks

"Polymorphic viruses" are the weakest link in the security chain since the Anti-Virus scanners will not be able to detect these attacks

Continuous Spam e-mails cannot be blocked by your security system since spammers use different techniques to bypass the filters in your gateway

How does a denial-of-service attack work?

A hacker prevents a legitimate user (or group of users) from accessing a service

A hacker uses every character, word, or letter he or she can think of to defeat authentication

A hacker tries to decipher a password by using a system, which subsequently crashes the network

A hacker attempts to imitate a legitimate user by confusing a computer or even another person

You are trying to break into a highly classified top-secret mainframe computer with highest security system in place at Merclyn Barley Bank located in Los Angeles.You know that conventional hacking doesn't work in this case, because organizations such as banks are generally tight and secure when it comes to protecting their systems.In other words, you are trying to penetrate an otherwise impenetrable system.How would you proceed?

Try to hang around the local pubs or restaurants near the bank, get talking to a poorly-paid or disgruntled employee, and offer them money if they'll abuse their access privileges by providing you with sensitive information

Look for "zero-day" exploits at various underground hacker websites in Russia and China and buy the necessary exploits from these hackers and target the bank's network

Try to hang around the local pubs or restaurants near the bank, get talking to a poorly-paid or disgruntled employee, and offer them money if they'll abuse their access privileges by providing you with sensitive information

Launch DDOS attacks against Merclyn Barley Bank's routers and firewall systems using 100, 000 or more "zombies" and "bots"

Try to conduct Man-in-the-Middle (MiTM) attack and divert the network traffic going to the Merclyn Barley Bank's Webserver to that of your machine using DNS Cache Poisoning techniques

Matthew, a black hat, has managed to open a meterpreter session to one of the kiosk machines in Evil Corp's lobby. He checks his current SID, which is S-1-5-21-1223352397-1872883824-861252104- 501. What needs to happen beforeMatthew has full administrator access?

He must perform privilege escalation.

He needs to disable antivirus protection.

He needs to gain physical access.

He already has admin privileges, as shown by the "501" at the end of the SID.

John is an incident handler at a financial institution. His steps in a recent incident are not up to the standards of the company. John frequently forgets some steps and procedures while handling responses as they are very stressful to perform. Which of the following actions should John take to overcome this problem with the least administrative effort?

Select someone else to check the procedures.

Read the incident manual every time it occurs.

You are performing a penetration test for a client and have gained shell access to a Windows machine on the internal network. You intend to retrieve all DNS records for the internal domain, if the DNS server is at 192.168.10.2 and the domain name is PLUScorp.local, what command would you type at the nslookup prompt to attempt a zone transfer?

list server=192.168.10.2 type=all

List domain=PLUScorp.local type=zone

OpenSSL on Linux servers includes a command line tool for testing TLS. What is the name of the tool and the correct syntax to connect to a web server?

openssl s_client -connect www.website.com:443

openssl s_client -site www.website.com:443

openssl_client -site www.website.com:443

openssl s_client -connect www.website.com:443

openssl_client -connect www.website.com:443

What is the purpose of DNS AAAA record?

Authorization, Authentication and Auditing record

ECCouncil 312-50v12 Practice Test 5 - Free Online Exam Prep & Questions

Fingerprinting an Operating System helps a cracker because:

It defines exactly what software you have installed

It opens a security-delayed window based on the port being scanned

It doesn't depend on the patches that have been applied to fix existing security holes

It informs the cracker of which vulnerabilities he may be able to exploit on your system

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ECCouncil 312-50v12 Practice Test 5

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