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SCENARIO Please use the following to answer the next question: ProStorage is a multinational cloud storage provider headquartered in the Netherlands. Its CEO. Ruth Brown, has developed a two-pronged strategy for growth: 1) expand ProStorage s global customer base and 2) increase ProStorage's sales force by efficiently onboarding effective teams. Enacting this strategy has recently been complicated by Ruth's health condition, which has limited her working hours, as well as her ability to travel to meet potential customers. ProStorage's Human Resources department and Ruth's Chief of Staff now work together to manage her schedule and ensure that she is able to make all her medical appointments The latter has become especially crucial after Ruth's last trip to India, where she suffered a medical emergency and was hospitalized m New Delhi Unable to reach Ruths family, the hospital reached out to ProStorage and was able to connect with her Chief of Staff, who in coordination with Mary, the head of HR. provided information to the doctors based on accommodate on requests Ruth made when she started a: ProStorage In support of Ruth's strategic goals of hiring more sales representatives, the Human Resources team is focused on improving its processes to ensure that new employees are sourced, interviewed, hired, and onboarded efficiently. To help with this, Mary identified two vendors, HRYourWay, a German based company, and InstaHR, an Australian based company. She decided to have both vendors go through ProStorage's vendor risk review process so she can work with Ruth to make the final decision. As part of the review process, Jackie, who is responsible for maintaining ProStorage's privacy program (including maintaining controller BCRs and conducting vendor risk assessments), reviewed both vendors but completed a transfer impact assessment only for InstaHR. After her review of both boasted a more established privacy program and provided third-party attestations, whereas HRYourWay was a small vendor with minimal data protection operations. Thus, she recommended InstaHR. ProStorage's marketing team also worked to meet the strategic goals of the company by focusing on industries where it needed to grow its market share. To help with this, the team selected as a partner UpFinance, a US based company with deep connections to financial industry customers. During ProStorage's diligence process, Jackie from the privacy team noted in the transfer impact assessment that UpFinance implements several data protection measures including end-to-end encryption, with encryption keys held by the customer. Notably, UpFinance has not received any government requests in its 7 years of business. Still, Jackie recommended that the contract require UpFinance to notify ProStorage if it receives a government request for personal data UpFinance processes on its behalf prior to disclosing such data. What transfer mechanism did ProStorage most likely rely on to transfer Ruth's medical information to the hospital?








SCENARIO Please use the following to answer the next question: Brady is a computer programmer based in New Zealand who has been running his own business for two years. Brady's business provides a low-cost suite of services to customers throughout the European Economic Area (EEA). The services are targeted towards new and aspiring small business owners. Brady's company, called Brady Box, provides web page design services, a Social Networking Service (SNS) and consulting services that help people manage their own online stores. Unfortunately, Brady has been receiving some complaints. A customer named Anna recently uploaded her plans for a new product onto Brady Box's chat area, which is open to public viewing. Although she realized her mistake two weeks later and removed the document, Anna is holding Brady Box responsible for not noticing the error through regular monitoring of the website. Brady believes he should not be held liable. Another customer, Felipe, was alarmed to discover that his personal information was transferred to a third- party contractor called Hermes Designs and worries that sensitive information regarding his business plans may be misused. Brady does not believe he violated European privacy rules. He provides a privacy notice to all of his customers explicitly stating that personal data may be transferred to specific third parties in fulfillment of a requested service. Felipe says he read the privacy notice but that it was long and complicated Brady continues to insist that Felipe has no need to be concerned, as he can personally vouch for the integrity of Hermes Designs. In fact, Hermes Designs has taken the initiative to create sample customized banner advertisements for customers like Felipe. Brady is happy to provide a link to the example banner ads, now posted on the Hermes Designs webpage. Hermes Designs plans on following up with direct marketing to these customers. Brady was surprised when another customer, Serge, expressed his dismay that a quotation by him is being used within a graphic collage on Brady Box's home webpage. The quotation is attributed to Serge by first and last name. Brady, however, was not worried about any sort of litigation. He wrote back to Serge to let him know that he found the quotation within Brady Box's Social Networking Service (SNS), as Serge himself had posted the quotation. In his response, Brady did offer to remove the quotation as a courtesy. Despite some customer complaints, Brady's business is flourishing. He even supplements his income through online behavioral advertising (OBA) via a third-party ad network with whom he has set clearly defined roles. Brady is pleased that, although some customers are not explicitly aware of the OBA, the advertisements contain useful products and services. Under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), what is the most likely reason Serge may have grounds to object to the use of his quotation?

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

ProStorage is a multinational cloud storage provider headquartered in the Netherlands. Its CEO. Ruth Brown, has developed a two-pronged strategy for growth: 1) expand ProStorage s global customer base and 2) increase ProStorage's sales force by efficiently onboarding effective teams. Enacting this strategy has recently been complicated by Ruth's health condition, which has limited her working hours, as well as her ability to travel to meet potential customers. ProStorage's Human Resources department and Ruth's Chief of Staff now work together to manage her schedule and ensure that she is able to make all her medical appointments The latter has become especially crucial after Ruth's last trip to India, where she suffered a medical emergency and was hospitalized m New Delhi Unable to reach Ruths family, the hospital reached out to ProStorage and was able to connect with her Chief of Staff, who in coordination with Mary, the head of HR. provided information to the doctors based on accommodate on requests Ruth made when she started a: ProStorage

In support of Ruth's strategic goals of hiring more sales representatives, the Human

Resources team is focused on improving its processes to ensure that new employees are sourced, interviewed, hired, and onboarded efficiently. To help with this, Mary identified two vendors, HRYourWay, a German based company, and

InstaHR, an Australian based company. She decided to have both vendors go through ProStorage's vendor risk review process so she can work with Ruth to make the final decision. As part of the review process, Jackie, who is responsible for maintaining ProStorage's privacy program (including maintaining controller BCRs and conducting vendor risk assessments), reviewed both vendors but completed a transfer impact assessment only for InstaHR. After her review of both boasted a more established privacy program and provided third-party attestations, whereas HRYourWay was a small vendor with minimal data protection operations.

Thus, she recommended InstaHR.

ProStorage's marketing team also worked to meet the strategic goals of the company by focusing on industries where it needed to grow its market share. To help with this, the team selected as a partner UpFinance, a US based company with deep connections to financial industry customers. During ProStorage's diligence process, Jackie from the privacy team noted in the transfer impact assessment that UpFinance implements several data protection measures including end-to-end encryption, with encryption keys held by the customer.

Notably, UpFinance has not received any government requests in its 7 years of business. Still, Jackie recommended that the contract require UpFinance to notify

ProStorage if it receives a government request for personal data UpFinance processes on its behalf prior to disclosing such data.

What transfer mechanism did ProStorage most likely rely on to transfer Ruth's medical information to the hospital?

A.

Ruth's implied consent.

A.

Ruth's implied consent.

Answers
B.

Protecting the vital interest of Ruth

B.

Protecting the vital interest of Ruth

Answers
C.

Performance of a contract with Ruth.

C.

Performance of a contract with Ruth.

Answers
D.

Protecting against legal liability from Ruth.

D.

Protecting against legal liability from Ruth.

Answers
Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

According to Article 49 of the GDPR, transfers of personal data to third countries or international organisations may take place in the absence of an adequacy decision or appropriate safeguards, such as standard contractual clauses or binding corporate rules, only if one of the derogations listed in that article applies1.One of the derogations is when the transfer is necessary for the protection of the vital interests of the data subject or of other persons, where the data subject is physically or legally incapable of giving consent1.This derogation is intended to cover only urgent situations, such as medical emergencies, where the transfer is essential for the data subject's life or health2.

In this scenario, ProStorage most likely relied on this derogation to transfer Ruth's medical information to the hospital in India, where she suffered a medical emergency and was hospitalized. The transfer was necessary for the protection of Ruth's vital interests, as she was in a critical condition and needed urgent medical care. Ruth was also physically or legally incapable of giving consent, as she was unconscious or incapacitated. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Option A is incorrect because Ruth's implied consent is not a valid transfer mechanism under the GDPR.Consent must be explicit, informed, specific, and freely given for the transfer of personal data to third countries or international organisations1. Ruth did not give any explicit consent for the transfer of her medical information to the hospital, nor was she informed or asked about it.Moreover, consent cannot be relied on as a transfer mechanism when the data subject is in a situation of distress or dependence, such as a medical emergency, as it would not be considered freely given2.

Option C is incorrect because the performance of a contract with Ruth is not a valid transfer mechanism under the GDPR.The transfer of personal data to third countries or international organisations on the basis of a contract with the data subject is only allowed if the transfer is necessary for the performance of that contract or for the implementation of pre-contractual measures taken at the data subject's request1. In this scenario, there is no contract between ProStorage and Ruth that requires or justifies the transfer of her medical information to the hospital. The transfer is not necessary for the performance of Ruth's employment contract with ProStorage, nor for any pre-contractual measures taken by Ruth.

Option D is incorrect because the protection against legal liability from Ruth is not a valid transfer mechanism under the GDPR.The transfer of personal data to third countries or international organisations on the grounds of legal claims or defence is only allowed if the transfer is necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims1. In this scenario, there is no legal claim or defence involved in the transfer of Ruth's medical information to the hospital. The transfer is not necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of any legal claim by or against ProStorage or Ruth.

Derogations for specific situations

Guidelines 2/2018 on derogations of Article 49 under Regulation 2016/679

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

ProStorage is a multinational cloud storage provider headquartered in the Netherlands. Its CEO. Ruth Brown, has developed a two-pronged strategy for growth: 1) expand ProStorage s global customer base and 2) increase ProStorage's sales force by efficiently onboarding effective teams. Enacting this strategy has recently been complicated by Ruth's health condition, which has limited her working hours, as well as her ability to travel to meet potential customers. ProStorage's Human Resources department and Ruth's Chief of Staff now work together to manage her schedule and ensure that she is able to make all her medical appointments The latter has become especially crucial after Ruth's last trip to India, where she suffered a medical emergency and was hospitalized m New Delhi Unable to reach Ruths family, the hospital reached out to ProStorage and was able to connect with her Chief of Staff, who in coordination with Mary, the head of HR. provided information to the doctors based on accommodate on requests Ruth made when she started a: ProStorage

In support of Ruth's strategic goals of hiring more sales representatives, the Human

Resources team is focused on improving its processes to ensure that new employees are sourced, interviewed, hired, and onboarded efficiently. To help with this, Mary identified two vendors, HRYourWay, a German based company, and

InstaHR, an Australian based company. She decided to have both vendors go through ProStorage's vendor risk review process so she can work with Ruth to make the final decision. As part of the review process, Jackie, who is responsible for maintaining ProStorage's privacy program (including maintaining controller BCRs and conducting vendor risk assessments), reviewed both vendors but completed a transfer impact assessment only for InstaHR. After her review of both boasted a more established privacy program and provided third-party attestations, whereas HRYourWay was a small vendor with minimal data protection operations.

Thus, she recommended InstaHR.

ProStorage's marketing team also worked to meet the strategic goals of the company by focusing on industries where it needed to grow its market share. To help with this, the team selected as a partner UpFinance, a US based company with deep connections to financial industry customers. During ProStorage's diligence process, Jackie from the privacy team noted in the transfer impact assessment that UpFinance implements several data protection measures including end-to-end encryption, with encryption keys held by the customer.

Notably, UpFinance has not received any government requests in its 7 years of business. Still, Jackie recommended that the contract require UpFinance to notify

ProStorage if it receives a government request for personal data UpFinance processes on its behalf prior to disclosing such data.

What transfer mechanism should Jackie recommend for using InstaHR?

A.

Adequacy

A.

Adequacy

Answers
B.

Binding corporate rules.

B.

Binding corporate rules.

Answers
C.

Explicit consent of employees.

C.

Explicit consent of employees.

Answers
D.

Standard contractual clauses

D.

Standard contractual clauses

Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

According to the GDPR, any transfer of personal data to a third country or an international organisation must be based on an adequacy decision by the Commission, appropriate safeguards by the data exporter and importer, or derogations for specific situations1. In this scenario, InstaHR is an Australian based company that processes personal data on behalf of ProStorage, a Dutch based company.Australia is not recognised by the Commission as a country that provides an adequate level of data protection2, so the adequacy option is not available.Binding corporate rules (BCRs) are internal rules adopted by multinational groups of companies or organisations that define their global policy with regard to the international transfers of personal data within the same corporate group to entities located in countries that do not provide an adequate level of protection3. However, BCRs are not applicable in this case, as InstaHR is not part of the same corporate group as ProStorage.Explicit consent of employees is a possible derogation for specific situations, but it is not a reliable or practical transfer mechanism, as it must be freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous, and it can be withdrawn at any time4. Therefore, the most suitable transfer mechanism for using InstaHR is standard contractual clauses (SCCs). SCCs are contractual clauses that have been pre-approved by the Commission and that provide appropriate safeguards for data protection when transferring personal data from the EU/EEA to third countries. SCCs are legally binding and enforceable by data subjects, and they impose obligations on both the data exporter and the data importer.SCCs are widely used by data controllers and processors as a transfer mechanism under the GDPR.Reference:1: Art.44 GDPR - General principle for transfers22: Adequacy decisions - European Commission13: Binding corporate rules - European Commission14: Article 7 of the GDPR.: Standard Contractual Clauses (SCC) - European Commission1.

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

ProStorage is a multinational cloud storage provider headquartered in the Netherlands. Its CEO. Ruth Brown, has developed a two-pronged strategy for growth: 1) expand ProStorage s global customer base and 2) increase ProStorage's sales force by efficiently onboarding effective teams. Enacting this strategy has recently been complicated by Ruth's health condition, which has limited her working hours, as well as her ability to travel to meet potential customers. ProStorage's Human Resources department and Ruth's Chief of Staff now work together to manage her schedule and ensure that she is able to make all her medical appointments The latter has become especially crucial after Ruth's last trip to India, where she suffered a medical emergency and was hospitalized m New Delhi Unable to reach Ruths family, the hospital reached out to ProStorage and was able to connect with her Chief of Staff, who in coordination with Mary, the head of HR. provided information to the doctors based on accommodate on requests Ruth made when she started a: ProStorage

In support of Ruth's strategic goals of hiring more sales representatives, the Human

Resources team is focused on improving its processes to ensure that new employees are sourced, interviewed, hired, and onboarded efficiently. To help with this, Mary identified two vendors, HRYourWay, a German based company, and

InstaHR, an Australian based company. She decided to have both vendors go through ProStorage's vendor risk review process so she can work with Ruth to make the final decision. As part of the review process, Jackie, who is responsible for maintaining ProStorage's privacy program (including maintaining controller BCRs and conducting vendor risk assessments), reviewed both vendors but completed a transfer impact assessment only for InstaHR. After her review of both boasted a more established privacy program and provided third-party attestations, whereas HRYourWay was a small vendor with minimal data protection operations.

Thus, she recommended InstaHR.

ProStorage's marketing team also worked to meet the strategic goals of the company by focusing on industries where it needed to grow its market share. To help with this, the team selected as a partner UpFinance, a US based company with deep connections to financial industry customers. During ProStorage's diligence process, Jackie from the privacy team noted in the transfer impact assessment that UpFinance implements several data protection measures including end-to-end encryption, with encryption keys held by the customer.

Notably, UpFinance has not received any government requests in its 7 years of business. Still, Jackie recommended that the contract require UpFinance to notify

ProStorage if it receives a government request for personal data UpFinance processes on its behalf prior to disclosing such data.

Why is the additional measure recommended by Jackie sufficient foe using UpFinance?

A.

UpFinance is an established 7-year-old business.

A.

UpFinance is an established 7-year-old business.

Answers
B.

UpFinance is in a highly regulated financial industry

B.

UpFinance is in a highly regulated financial industry

Answers
C.

UpFinance is based in a country without surveillance laws.

C.

UpFinance is based in a country without surveillance laws.

Answers
D.

UpFinance implements sufficient data protection measures

D.

UpFinance implements sufficient data protection measures

Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

According to Article 46 of the GDPR, in the absence of an adequacy decision by the European Commission, a controller or processor may transfer personal data to a third country or an international organisation only if the controller or processor has provided appropriate safeguards, and on condition that enforceable data subject rights and effective legal remedies for data subjects are available. One of the possible appropriate safeguards is the use of standard data protection clauses adopted by the Commission or by a supervisory authority. However, Article 46(5) states that the possibility for the controller or processor to use standard data protection clauses adopted by the Commission or by a supervisory authority shall not affect the possibility for the controller or processor to rely upon other appropriate safeguards provided for in paragraph 2 of this Article, provided that they ensure that data subjects have enforceable and effective rights as regards the processing of their data. Therefore, in this case, Jackie's recommendation of requiring UpFinance to notify ProStorage if it receives a government request for personal data UpFinance processes on its behalf prior to disclosing such data is an additional measure that could be considered as an appropriate safeguard, especially since UpFinance implements several data protection measures, including end-to-end encryption, with encryption keys held by the customer, which would ensure a high level of security and confidentiality of the personal data transferred.Reference:

Article 46 of the GDPR

IAPP CIPP/E Study Guide, page 67

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

Why was Jackie correct in not completing a transfer impact assessment for HRYourWay?

A.

HRYourWay was ultimately not selected

A.

HRYourWay was ultimately not selected

Answers
B.

HRYourWay is not located in a third country.

B.

HRYourWay is not located in a third country.

Answers
C.

ProStorage will obtain consent for all transfers.

C.

ProStorage will obtain consent for all transfers.

Answers
D.

ProStorage can rely on its Binding Corporate Rules

D.

ProStorage can rely on its Binding Corporate Rules

Answers
Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

According to the GDPR, a transfer of personal data to a third country or an international organisation may take place only if the conditions laid down in Chapter V of the GDPR are complied with by the controller and processor, including for onward transfers of personal data from the third country or an international organisation to another third country or to another international organisation1.A third country is any country outside of the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA)2.Therefore, a transfer impact assessment is only required when personal data is transferred to a third country or an international organisation that does not provide an adequate level of data protection, as recognised by the European Commission3. HRYourWay is a German based company, and Germany is a member state of the EU and the EEA. Thus, HRYourWay is not located in a third country, and no transfer impact assessment is needed for transferring personal data to it. The other options are incorrect, as they are not relevant to the question of whether a transfer impact assessment is required or not.Reference:

GDPR, Chapter V

GDPR, Article 4 (24)

GDPR, Article 45

Sanctions for non-compliance with the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (Al Act) could result in a maximum fine of?

A.

The higher of up to 10 million Euro or up to 2% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

A.

The higher of up to 10 million Euro or up to 2% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

Answers
B.

The higher of up to 40 million Euro or up to 8% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

B.

The higher of up to 40 million Euro or up to 8% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

Answers
C.

The higher of up to 20 million Euro or up to 4% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

C.

The higher of up to 20 million Euro or up to 4% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

Answers
D.

The higher of up to 30 million Euro or up to 6% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

D.

The higher of up to 30 million Euro or up to 6% of the entity's total worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year.

Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) is a proposed regulation that aims to establish harmonised rules on the development and use of artificial intelligence in the EU. The AI Act classifies AI systems according to their level of risk and imposes various requirements and obligations on providers and users of such systems. The AI Act also provides for the enforcement of its rules by national competent authorities and the European Commission. According to Article 71 of the AI Act, the sanctions for non-compliance with the AI Act depend on the type and severity of the infringement. The maximum fine for the most serious infringements, such as placing on the market or putting into service prohibited AI systems, or failing to comply with the data and data governance requirements for high-risk AI systems, is the higher of up to 30 million Euro or up to 6% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year of the legal entity concerned. This is the same level of fine as for the most serious infringements of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

* EUR-Lex - 52021PC0206 - EN - EUR-Lex1

* European Parliament Adopts Negotiating Position on the AI Act2

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

Financially, it has been a very good year at ARRA Hotels: Their 21 hotels, located in

Greece (5), Italy (15) and Spain (1), have registered their most profitable results ever. To celebrate this achievement, ARRA Hotels' Human Resources office, based in ARRA's main Italian establishment, has organized a team event for its 420

employees and their families at its hotel in Spain.

Upon arrival at the hotel, each employee and family member is given an electronic wristband at the reception desk. The wristband serves a number of functions:

. Allows access to the 'party zone' of the hotel, and emits a buzz if the user approaches any unauthorized areas

. Allows up to three free drinks for each person of legal age, and emits a buzz once this limit has been reached

. Grants a unique ID number for participating in the games and contests that have been planned.

Along with the wristband, each guest receives a QR code that leads to the online privacy notice describing the use of the wristband. The page also contains an unchecked consent checkbox. In the case of employee family members under the age of 16, consent must be given by a parent.

Among the various activities planned for the event, ARRA Hotels' HR office has autonomously set up a photocall area, separate from the main event venue, where employees can come and have their pictures taken in traditional carnival costume.

The photos will be posted on ARRA Hotels' main website for general marketing purposes.

On the night of the event, an employee from one of ARRA's Greek hotels is displeased with the results of the photos in which he appears. He intends to file a complaint with the relevant supervisory authority in regard to the following:

. The lack of any privacy notice in the separate photocall area

The unlawful cross-border processing of his personal data

. The unacceptable aesthetic outcome of his photos

Which of the following is NOT necessarily considered a factor in identifying whether the processing could be considered a 'cross-border processing'?

A.

The total number of the data subjects interested.

A.

The total number of the data subjects interested.

Answers
B.

The potential harm for the data subjects affected.

B.

The potential harm for the data subjects affected.

Answers
C.

The limitation of rights of the data subjects concerned.

C.

The limitation of rights of the data subjects concerned.

Answers
D.

The exposure of the information of the data subjects involved.

D.

The exposure of the information of the data subjects involved.

Answers
Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

Cross-border processing is defined in Article 4(23) of the GDPR as either:

* processing of personal data which takes place in the context of the activities of establishments in more than one Member State of a controller or processor in the Union where the controller or processor is established in more than one Member State; or

* processing of personal data which takes place in the context of the activities of a single establishment of a controller or processor in the Union but which substantially affects or is likely to substantially affect data subjects in more than one Member State.

Therefore, the factors that are relevant for identifying whether the processing could be considered a cross-border processing are:

* the location and number of establishments of the controller or processor in the EU;

* the connection between the processing and the activities of the establishments;

* the substantial effect or likelihood of substantial effect on data subjects in more than one Member State.

The total number of the data subjects interested is not necessarily a factor, as the processing could affect only a few data subjects but still have a substantial impact on them. For example, a processing that involves the disclosure of sensitive personal data of a small group of data subjects in different Member States could be considered a cross-border processing.

* GDPR Article 4 - Definitions1

* Guidelines 8/2022 on identifying a controller or processor's lead supervisory authority2

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

Financially, it has been a very good year at ARRA Hotels: Their 21 hotels, located in

Greece (5), Italy (15) and Spain (1), have registered their most profitable results ever. To celebrate this achievement, ARRA Hotels' Human Resources office, based in ARRA's main Italian establishment, has organized a team event for its 420

employees and their families at its hotel in Spain.

Upon arrival at the hotel, each employee and family member is given an electronic wristband at the reception desk. The wristband serves a number of functions:

. Allows access to the 'party zone' of the hotel, and emits a buzz if the user approaches any unauthorized areas

. Allows up to three free drinks for each person of legal age, and emits a buzz once this limit has been reached

. Grants a unique ID number for participating in the games and contests that have been planned.

Along with the wristband, each guest receives a QR code that leads to the online privacy notice describing the use of the wristband. The page also contains an unchecked consent checkbox. In the case of employee family members under the age of 16, consent must be given by a parent.

Among the various activities planned for the event, ARRA Hotels' HR office has autonomously set up a photocall area, separate from the main event venue, where employees can come and have their pictures taken in traditional carnival costume.

The photos will be posted on ARRA Hotels' main website for general marketing purposes.

On the night of the event, an employee from one of ARRA's Greek hotels is displeased with the results of the photos in which he appears. He intends to file a complaint with the relevant supervisory authority in regard to the following:

. The lack of any privacy notice in the separate photocall area

The unlawful cross-border processing of his personal data

. The unacceptable aesthetic outcome of his photos

Which of the following principles has likely been violated in the processing of the photocall photos containing personal data?

A.

Adequacy.

A.

Adequacy.

Answers
B.

Lawfulness.

B.

Lawfulness.

Answers
C.

Transparency.

C.

Transparency.

Answers
D.

Data minimization.

D.

Data minimization.

Answers
Suggested answer: C

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

Financially, it has been a very good year at ARRA Hotels: Their 21 hotels, located in

Greece (5), Italy (15) and Spain (1), have registered their most profitable results ever. To celebrate this achievement, ARRA Hotels' Human Resources office, based in ARRA's main Italian establishment, has organized a team event for its 420

employees and their families at its hotel in Spain.

Upon arrival at the hotel, each employee and family member is given an electronic wristband at the reception desk. The wristband serves a number of functions:

. Allows access to the 'party zone' of the hotel, and emits a buzz if the user approaches any unauthorized areas

. Allows up to three free drinks for each person of legal age, and emits a buzz once this limit has been reached

. Grants a unique ID number for participating in the games and contests that have been planned.

Along with the wristband, each guest receives a QR code that leads to the online privacy notice describing the use of the wristband. The page also contains an unchecked consent checkbox. In the case of employee family members under the age of 16, consent must be given by a parent.

Among the various activities planned for the event, ARRA Hotels' HR office has autonomously set up a photocall area, separate from the main event venue, where employees can come and have their pictures taken in traditional carnival costume.

The photos will be posted on ARRA Hotels' main website for general marketing purposes.

On the night of the event, an employee from one of ARRA's Greek hotels is displeased with the results of the photos in which he appears. He intends to file a complaint with the relevant supervisory authority in regard to the following:

. The lack of any privacy notice in the separate photocall area

The unlawful cross-border processing of his personal data

. The unacceptable aesthetic outcome of his photos

Why would consent NOT be considered an adequate legal basis for accessing the party zone?

A.

The consent is not completely unambiguous.

A.

The consent is not completely unambiguous.

Answers
B.

The consent is not sufficiently informed.

B.

The consent is not sufficiently informed.

Answers
C.

The consent is not freely given.

C.

The consent is not freely given.

Answers
D.

The consent is not in writing.

D.

The consent is not in writing.

Answers
Suggested answer: C

Explanation:

Consent is one of the legal bases for processing personal data under the GDPR, but it must meet certain conditions to be valid. According to Article 4(11) of the GDPR, consent means "any freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the data subject's wishes by which he or she, by a statement or by a clear affirmative action, signifies agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her." In this scenario, consent would not be considered an adequate legal basis for accessing the party zone, because it is not freely given. Freely given consent means that the data subject has a genuine and free choice to agree or disagree to the processing, and that there is no detriment, coercion, or significant negative consequences if the data subject does not consent. However, in this case, the consent is conditional on accessing the party zone, which is the main purpose of the event. Therefore, the data subject does not have a real choice, and may feel pressured or obliged to consent in order to participate in the event. This violates the principle of free consent, and could invalidate the consent as a legal basis.

* GDPR Article 4 - Definitions1

* GDPR Article 7 - Conditions for consent2

* Guidelines 05/2020 on consent under Regulation 2016/6793

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

Financially, it has been a very good year at ARRA Hotels: Their 21 hotels, located in

Greece (5), Italy (15) and Spain (1), have registered their most profitable results ever. To celebrate this achievement, ARRA Hotels' Human Resources office, based in ARRA's main Italian establishment, has organized a team event for its 420

employees and their families at its hotel in Spain.

Upon arrival at the hotel, each employee and family member is given an electronic wristband at the reception desk. The wristband serves a number of functions:

. Allows access to the 'party zone' of the hotel, and emits a buzz if the user approaches any unauthorized areas

. Allows up to three free drinks for each person of legal age, and emits a buzz once this limit has been reached

. Grants a unique ID number for participating in the games and contests that have been planned.

Along with the wristband, each guest receives a QR code that leads to the online privacy notice describing the use of the wristband. The page also contains an unchecked consent checkbox. In the case of employee family members under the age of 16, consent must be given by a parent.

Among the various activities planned for the event, ARRA Hotels' HR office has autonomously set up a photocall area, separate from the main event venue, where employees can come and have their pictures taken in traditional carnival costume.

The photos will be posted on ARRA Hotels' main website for general marketing purposes.

On the night of the event, an employee from one of ARRA's Greek hotels is displeased with the results of the photos in which he appears. He intends to file a complaint with the relevant supervisory authority in regard to the following:

. The lack of any privacy notice in the separate photocall area

The unlawful cross-border processing of his personal data

. The unacceptable aesthetic outcome of his photos

Assuming that there is a cross-border processing of personal data, which of the following criteria would NOT be useful to the lead supervisory authority responsible for the Greek employee's complaint when trying to determine the location of the controller's main establishment?

A.

Where the controller is registered as a company.

A.

Where the controller is registered as a company.

Answers
B.

Where the processor is registered as a company.

B.

Where the processor is registered as a company.

Answers
C.

Where decisions about the processing activities are made.

C.

Where decisions about the processing activities are made.

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D.

Where the director with responsibility for processing activities is located.

D.

Where the director with responsibility for processing activities is located.

Answers
Suggested answer: B

As a Data Protection Officer for a small bank in the European Union, you receive a data subject access request from one of your customers. The customer provides you with his name, and has used the email address registered in your system.

What would be the most appropriate way to confirm the identity of the customer?

A.

Request that the customer provide his bank account number.

A.

Request that the customer provide his bank account number.

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B.

Request that the customer answer additional security questions.

B.

Request that the customer answer additional security questions.

Answers
C.

Request a copy of the customer's last bank account statement.

C.

Request a copy of the customer's last bank account statement.

Answers
D.

Request a copy of the customer's government-issued ID document.

D.

Request a copy of the customer's government-issued ID document.

Answers
Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

According to the CIPP/E study guide, data controllers should use the least intrusive means of verifying the identity of data subjects who make requests under the GDPR. Asking for a copy of an ID document or a bank account statement may be disproportionate and excessive, as they contain more personal data than necessary for authentication. Asking for the bank account number may not be sufficient, as it may be easily obtained by third parties. Therefore, the most appropriate way to confirm the identity of the customer is to ask additional security questions that only the customer would know, such as the date of the last transaction, the amount of the last deposit, or the name of the beneficiary of a recurring payment.

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