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Question 261 - Associate Cloud Engineer discussion

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Your company is moving its continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) pipeline to Compute Engine instances. The pipeline will manage the entire cloud infrastructure through code. How can you ensure that the pipeline has appropriate permissions while your system is following security best practices?

A.
* Add a step for human approval to the CI/CD pipeline before the execution of the infrastructure provisioning. * Use the human approvals IAM account for the provisioning.
Answers
A.
* Add a step for human approval to the CI/CD pipeline before the execution of the infrastructure provisioning. * Use the human approvals IAM account for the provisioning.
B.
* Attach a single service account to the compute instances. * Add minimal rights to the service account. * Allow the service account to impersonate a Cloud Identity user with elevated permissions to create, update, or delete resources.
Answers
B.
* Attach a single service account to the compute instances. * Add minimal rights to the service account. * Allow the service account to impersonate a Cloud Identity user with elevated permissions to create, update, or delete resources.
C.
* Attach a single service account to the compute instances. * Add all required Identity and Access Management (IAM) permissions to this service account to create, update, or delete resources
Answers
C.
* Attach a single service account to the compute instances. * Add all required Identity and Access Management (IAM) permissions to this service account to create, update, or delete resources
D.
* Create multiple service accounts, one for each pipeline with the appropriate minimal Identity and Access Management (IAM) permissions. * Use a secret manager service to store the key files of the service accounts. * Allow the CI/CD pipeline to request the appropriate secrets during the execution of the pipeline.
Answers
D.
* Create multiple service accounts, one for each pipeline with the appropriate minimal Identity and Access Management (IAM) permissions. * Use a secret manager service to store the key files of the service accounts. * Allow the CI/CD pipeline to request the appropriate secrets during the execution of the pipeline.
Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

The best option is to attach a single service account to the compute instances and add minimal rights to the service account. Then, allow the service account to impersonate a Cloud Identity user with elevated permissions to create, update, or delete resources. This way, the service account can use short-lived access tokens to authenticate to Google Cloud APIs without needing to manage service account keys. This option follows the principle of least privilege and reduces the risk of credential leakage and misuse.

Option A is not recommended because it requires human intervention, which can slow down the CI/CD pipeline and introduce human errors. Option C is not secure because it grants all required IAM permissions to a single service account, which can increase the impact of a compromised key. Option D is not cost-effective because it requires creating and managing multiple service accounts and keys, as well as using a secret manager service.

1: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/impersonating-service-accounts

2: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/best-practices-for-managing-service-account-keys

3: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-service-accounts

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asked 18/09/2024
Vivek Nandey
34 questions
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