ECCouncil 312-40 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 3

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The data center designed and constructed by Katie Holmes' team is a Tier I data center based on the description provided.

1.Tier I Data Center: A Tier I data center is characterized by a single path for power and cooling and no redundant components. It provides an improved environment over a simple office setting but is susceptible to disruptions from both planned and unplanned activity1.

1.Lack of Redundancy: The fact that removing a component brings the data center to a halt indicates there is no redundancy in place. This is a defining characteristic of a Tier I data center, which has no built-in redundancy to allow for maintenance without affecting operations1.

1.Operational Aspects:

oUptime: A Tier I data center typically has an uptime of 99.671%.

oMaintenance: Any maintenance or unplanned outages will likely result in downtime, as there are no alternate paths or components to take over the load1.

Data centre tiers - Wikipedia1.

Azure Application Gateway is a web traffic load balancer that enables Sandra to manage traffic to her web applications. It is designed to distribute traffic to backend virtual machines and services based on various HTTP request attributes.

Here's how Azure Application Gateway meets the requirements:

1.Routing Based on HTTP Attributes: Application Gateway can route traffic based on URL path or host headers.

1.SSL Termination: It provides SSL termination at the gateway, reducing the SSL overhead on the web servers.

1.Web Application Firewall: Application Gateway includes a Web Application Firewall (WAF) that provides protection to web applications from common web vulnerabilities and exploits.

1.Session Affinity: It can maintain session affinity, which is useful when user sessions need to be directed to the same server.

1.Scalability and High Availability: Application Gateway supports autoscaling and zone redundancy, ensuring high availability and scalability.

Azure's official documentation on Application Gateway, which details its capabilities for routing traffic based on HTTP request attributes1.

AWS Shield Standard is a managed Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) protection service that is automatically included with AWS services such as Amazon CloudFront and Elastic Load Balancing (ELB). It provides protection against common, most frequently occurring network and transport layer DDoS attacks.

Here's how AWS Shield Standard works to mitigate such attacks:

1.Automatic Protection: AWS Shield Standard provides always-on detection and automatic inline mitigations that minimize application downtime and latency.

1.Layer 7 Protection: It offers protection against layer 7 DDoS attacks, which target the application layer and are typically more complex than infrastructure attacks.

1.Integration with AWS Services: Shield Standard is integrated with other AWS services like ELB and CloudFront, providing a seamless defense mechanism.

1.Real-Time Visibility: Customers get real-time visibility into attacks via AWS Management Console and CloudWatch.

1.Cost-Effectiveness: There is no additional charge for AWS Shield Standard; it comes included with AWS services, making it a cost-effective solution for DDoS protection.

AWS Shield's official page detailing how it provides managed DDoS protection1.

AWS documentation on best practices for DDoS resiliency, mentioning AWS Shield's role in mitigation2.

The RaaS (Recovery as a Service) architectural model described, where the production application is placed in the cloud and the recovery or backup target is kept in the private data center, is known as ''From-cloud RaaS.'' This model is designed for organizations that want to utilize cloud resources for their primary operations while maintaining their disaster recovery systems on-premises.

Here's how the From-cloud RaaS model works:

1.Cloud Production Environment: The primary production application runs in the cloud, taking advantage of the cloud's scalability and flexibility.

1.On-Premises Recovery: The disaster recovery site is located in the organization's private data center, not in the cloud.

1.Data Replication: Data is replicated from the cloud to the on-premises data center to ensure that the backup is up-to-date.

1.Disaster Recovery: In the event of a disaster affecting the cloud environment, the organization can recover its applications and data from the on-premises backup.

1.Control and Compliance: This model allows organizations to maintain greater control over their recovery processes and meet specific compliance requirements that may not be fully addressed in the cloud.

Industry guidelines on RaaS architectural models, explaining the different approaches including From-cloud RaaS.

A white paper discussing the benefits and considerations of various RaaS deployment models for organizations.

AWS Security Hub is designed to provide users with a comprehensive view of their security state within AWS and help them check their environment against security industry standards and best practices.

Here's how AWS Security Hub serves Dustin's needs:

1.Aggregated View: Security Hub aggregates security alerts and findings from various AWS services such as GuardDuty, Inspector, and Macie.

1.Organized Data: It organizes and prioritizes these findings to help identify and focus on the most important security issues.

1.Security Posture: Security Hub provides a comprehensive view of the security posture of AWS accounts, helping to understand the current state of security and compliance.

1.Automated Compliance Checks: It performs automated compliance checks based on standards and best practices, such as the Center for Internet Security (CIS) AWS Foundations Benchmark.

1.Integration with AWS Services: Security Hub integrates with other AWS services and partner solutions, providing a centralized place to manage security alerts and automate responses.

AWS's official documentation on Security Hub, which outlines its capabilities for managing security alerts and improving security posture.

An AWS blog post discussing how Security Hub can be used to centralize and prioritize security findings across an AWS environment.

In the context of forensic acquisition of a compromised Azure VM, it is crucial to maintain the integrity of the evidence. The backup copy of the snapshot should be taken before any operations that could potentially alter the data are performed. This means creating the backup copy in a blob container as a page blob before mounting the snapshot onto the forensic workstation.

Here's the process:

1.Create Snapshot: First, a snapshot of the VM's disk is created to capture the state of the VM at the point of compromise.

1.Backup Copy: Before the snapshot is mounted onto the forensic workstation for analysis, a backup copy of the snapshot should be taken and stored in a blob container as a page blob.

1.Maintain Integrity: This step ensures that the original snapshot remains unaltered and can be used as evidence, maintaining the chain of custody.

1.Forensic Analysis: After the backup copy is secured, the snapshot can be mounted onto the forensic workstation for detailed analysis.

1.Documentation: All steps taken during the forensic acquisition process should be thoroughly documented for legal and compliance purposes.

Microsoft's guidelines on the computer forensics chain of custody in Azure, which include the process of handling VM snapshots for forensic purposes1.

The Warm Standby approach in disaster recovery involves running a scaled-down version of a fully functional environment in the cloud. This method is activated quickly in case of a disaster, ensuring that the Recovery Time Objective (RTO) and Recovery Point Objective (RPO) are within minutes.

1.Scaled-Down Environment: A smaller version of the production environment is always running in the cloud. This includes a minimal number of resources required to keep the application operational12.

1.Quick Activation: In the event of a disaster, the warm standby environment can be quickly scaled up to handle the full production load12.

1.RTO and RPO: The warm standby approach is designed to achieve an RTO and RPO within minutes, which is essential for business-critical functions12.

1.Business Continuity: This approach ensures that core business functions continue to operate with minimal disruption during and after a disaster12.

Reference: Warm Standby is a disaster recovery strategy that provides a balance between cost and downtime. It is less expensive than a fully replicated environment but offers a faster recovery time than cold or pilot light approaches12. This makes it suitable for organizations that need to ensure high availability and quick recovery for their critical systems.

The Google Cloud Security Command Center (Cloud SCC) is the tool designed to provide a centralized dashboard for viewing and monitoring sensitive data, scanning storage systems, and reviewing access rights to critical resources.

1.Centralized Dashboard: Cloud SCC offers a comprehensive view of the security status of your resources in Google Cloud, across all your projects and services1.

1.Sensitive Data Scanning: It has capabilities for scanning storage systems to identify sensitive data, such as personally identifiable information (PII), and can provide insights into where this data is stored1.

1.Access Rights Review: Cloud SCC allows you to review who has access to your critical resources and whether any policies or permissions should be adjusted to enhance security1.

1.Alerts and Incident Response: In the event of a potential breach, Cloud SCC can help identify the affected resources and assist in the investigation and response process1.

Reference: Google Cloud Security Command Center is a security management and data risk platform for Google Cloud that helps you prevent, detect, and respond to threats from a single pane of glass. It provides security insights and features like asset inventory, discovery, search, and management; vulnerability and threat detection; and compliance monitoring to protect your services and applications on Google Cloud1.

The decision to take the website and database server offline falls under the Containment phase of the incident response lifecycle. Here's how the process typically unfolds:

1.Detection: The incident response team detects a potential security breach, such as an SQL injection attack, through network access logs using SIEM.

1.Analysis: The team analyzes the incident to confirm the breach and understand its scope and impact.

1.Containment: Once confirmed, the team moves to contain the incident to prevent further damage. This includes making the affected website and database server offline to stop the attack from spreading or causing more harm1.

1.Eradication and Recovery: After containment, the team works on eradicating the threat and recovering the systems to normal operation.

1.Post-Incident Activity: Finally, the team conducts a post-mortem analysis to learn from the incident and improve future response efforts.

Reference: The containment phase is critical in incident response as it aims to limit the damage of the security incident and isolate affected systems to prevent the spread of the attack12. Taking systems offline is a common containment strategy to ensure that attackers can no longer access the compromised systems1.