Quiz IT certification exam

Question 1

An organization uses Amazon Elastic MapReduce(EMR) to process a series of extract-transform-load (ETL) steps that run in sequence. The output of each step must be fully processed in subsequent steps but will not be retained.

Which of the following techniques will meet this requirement most efficiently?

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Accepted Answer

Use the s3n URI to store the data to be processed as objects in Amazon S3.

Answer

Use the EMR File System (EMRFS) to store the outputs from each step as objects in Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3).

Answer

Define the ETL steps as separate AWS Data Pipeline activities.

Answer

Load the data to be processed into HDFS, and then write the final output to Amazon S3.

Question 2

The department of transportation for a major metropolitan area has placed sensors on roads at key locations around the city. The goal is to analyze the flow of traffic and notifications from emergency services to identify potential issues and to help planners correct trouble spots.A data engineer needs a scalable and fault-tolerant solution that allows planners to respond to issues within 30 seconds of their occurrence. Which solution should the data engineer choose?

Accepted Answer

Collect the sensor data with Amazon Kinesis Firehose and store it in Amazon Redshift for analysis. Collect emergency services events with Amazon SQSand store in Amazon DynampDB for analysis.

Answer

Collect the sensor data with Amazon SQS and store in Amazon DynamoDB for analysis. Collect emergency services events with Amazon Kinesis Firehoseand store in Amazon Redshift for analysis.

Answer

Collect both sensor data and emergency services events with Amazon Kinesis Streams and use DynamoDB for analysis.

Answer

Collect both sensor data and emergency services events with Amazon Kinesis Firehose and use Amazon Redshift for analysis.

Question 3

A telecommunications company needs to predict customer churn (i.e., customers who decide to switch to a competitor). The company has historic records of each customer, including monthly consumption patterns, calls to customer service, and whether the customer ultimately quit the service. All of this data is stored in Amazon S3. The company needs to know which customers are likely going to churn soon so that they can win back their loyalty. What is the optimal approach to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS QuickSight to connect it to data stored in Amazon S3 to obtain the necessary business insight. Plot the churn trend graph to extrapolate churnlikelihood for existing customers.

Answer

Use the Amazon Machine Learning service to build the binary classification model based on the dataset stored in Amazon S3. The model will be usedregularly to predict churn attribute for existing customers.

Answer

Use EMR to run the Hive queries to build a profile of a churning customer. Apply a profile to existing customers to determine the likelihood of churn.

Answer

Use a Redshift cluster to COPY the data from Amazon S3. Create a User Defined Function in Redshift that computes the likelihood of churn.

Question 4

A system needs to collect on-premises application spool files into a persistent storage layer in AWS. Each spool file is 2 KB. The application generates 1 M files per hour. Each source file is automatically deleted from the local server after an hour. What is the most cost-efficient option to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Write file contents to Amazon ElastiCache.

Answer

Write file contents to an Amazon DynamoDB table.

Answer

Copy files to Amazon S3 Standard Storage.

Answer

Copy files to Amazon S3 infrequent Access Storage.

Question 5

An administrator receives about 100 files per hour into Amazon S3 and will be loading the files into Amazon Redshift. Customers who analyze the data within Redshift gain significant value when they receive data as quickly as possible. The customers have agreed to a maximum loading interval of 5 minutes. Which loading approach should the administrator use to meet this objective?

Accepted Answer

Load the cluster when the administrator has an event multiple of files relative to Cluster Slice Count, or 5 minutes, whichever comes first.

Answer

Load each file as it arrives because getting data into the cluster as quickly as possibly is the priority.

Answer

Load the cluster as soon as the administrator has the same number of files as nodes in the cluster.

Answer

Load the cluster when the number of files is less than the Cluster Slice Count.

Question 6

An enterprise customer is migrating to Redshift and is considering using dense storage nodes in its Redshift cluster. The customer wants to migrate 50 TB of data. The customer's query patterns involve performing many joins with thousands of rows.The customer needs to know how many nodes are needed in its target Redshift cluster. The customer has a limited budget and needs to avoid performing tests unless absolutely needed.Which approach should this customer use?

Accepted Answer

Start with many small nodes.

Answer

Start with fewer large nodes.

Answer

Have two separate clusters with a mix of a small and large nodes.

Answer

Insist on performing multiple tests to determine the optimal configuration.

Question 7

A company is centralizing a large number of unencrypted small files from multiple Amazon S3 buckets. The company needs to verify that the files contain the same data after centralization.Which method meets the requirements?

Accepted Answer

Compare the S3 Etags from the source and destination objects.

Answer

Call the S3 CompareObjects API for the source and destination objects.

Answer

Place a HEAD request against the source and destination objects comparing SIG v4 headers.

Answer

Compare the size of the source and destination objects.

Question 8

An online gaming company uses DynamoDB to store user activity logs and is experiencing throttled writes on the company's DynamoDB table. The company is NOT consuming close to the provisioned capacity. The table contains a large number of items and is partitioned on user and sorted by date. The table is 200GB and is currently provisioned at 10K WCU and 20K RCU.Which two additional pieces of information are required to determine the cause of the throttling? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

The structure of any GSIs that have been defined on the table

Accepted Answer

The structure of any LSIs that have been defined on the table

Answer

CloudWatch data showing consumed and provisioned write capacity when writes are being throttled

Answer

Application-level metrics showing the average item size and peak update rates for each attribute

Answer

The maximum historical WCU and RCU for the table

Question 9

A city has been collecting data on its public bicycle share program for the past three years. The 5PB dataset currently resides on Amazon S3. The data contains the following datapoints: Bicycle origination pointsBicycle destination pointsMileage between the pointsNumber of bicycle slots available at the station (which is variable based on the station location) Number of slots available and taken at a given time The program has received additional funds to increase the number of bicycle stations available. All data is regularly archived to Amazon Glacier. The new bicycle stations must be located to provide the most riders access to bicycles. How should this task be performed?

Accepted Answer

Use the Amazon Redshift COPY command to move the data from Amazon S3 into Redshift and perform a SQL query that outputs the most popular bicyclestations.

Answer

Move the data from Amazon S3 into Amazon EBS-backed volumes and use an EC-2 based Hadoop cluster with spot instances to run a Spark job thatperforms a stochastic gradient descent optimization.

Answer

Persist the data on Amazon S3 and use a transient EMR cluster with spot instances to run a Spark streaming job that will move the data into AmazonKinesis.

Answer

Keep the data on Amazon S3 and use an Amazon EMR-based Hadoop cluster with spot instances to run a Spark job that performs a stochastic gradientdescent optimization over EMRFS.

Question 10

An administrator tries to use the Amazon Machine Learning service to classify social media posts that mention the administrator's company into posts that require a response and posts that do not. The training dataset of 10,000 posts contains the details of each post including the timestamp, author, and full text of the post. The administrator is missing the target labels that are required for training. Which Amazon Machine Learning model is the most appropriate for the task?

Accepted Answer

Binary classification model, where the target class is the require-response post

Answer

Binary classification model, where the two classes are the require-response post and does-not-require-response

Answer

Multi-class prediction model, with two classes: require-response post and does-not-require-response

Answer

Regression model where the predicted value is the probability that the post requires a response

Question 11

A medical record filing system for a government medical fund is using an Amazon S3 bucket to archive documents related to patients. Every patient visit to a physician creates a new file, which can add up millions of files each month.Collection of these files from each physician is handled via a batch process that runs everу night using AWS Data Pipeline. This is sensitive data, so the data and any associated metadata must be encrypted at rest.Auditors review some files on a quarterly basis to see whether the records are maintained according to regulations. Auditors must be able to locate any physical file in the S3 bucket for a given date, patient, or physician. Auditors spend a significant amount of time location such files. What is the most cost- and time-efficient collection methodology in this situation?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon Kinesis to get the data feeds directly from physicians, batch them using a Spark application on Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR), and thenstore them in Amazon S3 with folders separated per physician.

Answer

Use Amazon API Gateway to get the data feeds directly from physicians, batch them using a Spark application on Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR), andthen store them in Amazon S3 with folders separated per physician.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 event notification to populate an Amazon DynamoDB table with metadata about every file loaded to Amazon S3, and partition them basedon the month and year of the file.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 event notification to populate an Amazon Redshift table with metadata about every file loaded to Amazon S3, and partition them based onthe month and year of the file.

Question 12

A clinical trial will rely on medical sensors to remotely assess patient health. Each physician who participates in the trial requires visual reports each morning. The reports are built from aggregations of all the sensor data taken each minute. What is the most cost-effective solution for creating this visualization each day?

Accepted Answer

Use an EMR cluster to aggregate the patient sensor data each night and provide Zeppelin notebooks that look at the new data residing on the cluster eachmorning for the physician to review.

Answer

Use Kinesis Aggregators Library to generate reports for reviewing the patient sensor data and generate a QuickSight visualization on the new data eachmorning for the physician to review.

Answer

Use a transient EMR cluster that shuts down after use to aggregate the sensor data each night and generate a QuickSight visualization on the new data eachmorning for the physician to review.

Answer

Use Spark streaming on EMR to aggregate the patient sensor data in every 15 minutes and generate a QuickSight visualization on the new data eachmorning for the physician to review.

Question 13

A company uses Amazon Redshift for its enterprise data warehouse. A new on-premises PostgreSQL OLTP DB must be integrated into the data warehouse. Each table in the PostgreSQL DB has an indexed last_modified timestamp column. The data warehouse has a staging layer to load source data into the data warehouse environment for further processing.The data lag between the source PostgreSQL DB and the Amazon Redshift staging layer should NOT exceed four hours. What is the most efficient technique to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Extract the incremental changes periodically using a SQL query. Upload the changes to multiple Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) objects, and run theCOPY command to load to the Amazon Redshift staging layer.

Answer

Create a DBLINK on the source DB to connect to Amazon Redshift. Use a PostgreSQL trigger on the source table to capture the new insert/update/deleteevent and execute the event on the Amazon Redshift staging table.

Answer

Use a PostgreSQL trigger on the source table to capture the new insert/update/delete event and write it to Amazon Kinesis Streams. Use a KCL applicationto execute the event on the Amazon Redshift staging table.

Answer

Extract the incremental changes periodically using a SQL query. Upload the changes to a single Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) object, and run theCOPY command to load to the Amazon Redshift staging layer.

Question 14

An administrator is deploying Spark on Amazon EMR for two distinct use cases: machine learning algorithms and ad-hoc querying. All data will be stored in Amazon S3. Two separate clusters for each use case will be deployed. The data volumes on Amazon S3 are less than 10 GB. How should the administrator align instance types with the cluster's purpose?

Accepted Answer

Machine Learning on C instance types and ad-hoc queries on R instance types

Answer

Machine Learning on R instance types and ad-hoc queries on G2 instance types

Answer

Machine Learning on T instance types and ad-hoc queries on M instance types

Answer

Machine Learning on D instance types and ad-hoc queries on I instance types

Question 15

An organization is designing an application architecture. The application will have over 100 TB of data and will support transactions that arrive at rates from hundreds per second to tens of thousands per second, depending on the day of the week and time of day. All transaction data, must be durably and reliably stored. Certain read operations must be performed with strong consistency. Which solution meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon DynamoDB as the data store and use strongly consistent reads when necessary.

Answer

Use an Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) instance sized to meet the maximum anticipated transaction rate and with the High Availability optionenabled.

Answer

Deploy a NoSQL data store on top of an Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR) cluster, and select the HDFS High Durability option.

Answer

Use Amazon Redshift with synchronous replication to Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) and row-level locking for strong consistency.

Question 16

A company generates a large number of files each month and needs to use AWS import/export to move these files into Amazon S3 storage. To satisfy the auditors, the company needs to keep a record of which files were imported into Amazon S3. What is a low-cost way to create a unique log for each import job?

Accepted Answer

Use the log file prefix in the import/export manifest files to create a unique log file in Amazon S3 for each import.

Answer

Use the same log file prefix in the import/export manifest files to create a versioned log file in Amazon S3 for all imports.

Answer

Use the log file checksum in the import/export manifest files to create a unique log file in Amazon S3 for each import.

Answer

Use a script to iterate over files in Amazon S3 to generate a log after each import/export job.

Question 17

A company needs a churn prevention model to predict which customers will NOT renew their yearly subscription to the company's service. The company plans to provide these customers with a promotional offer. A binary classification model that uses Amazon Machine Learning is required. On which basis should this binary classification model be built?

Accepted Answer

Each user time series events in the past 3 months

Answer

User profiles (age, gender, income, occupation)

Answer

Last user session

Answer

Quarterly results

Question 18

A company with a support organization needs support engineers to be able to search historic cases to provide fast responses on new issues raised. The company has forwarded all support messages into an Amazon Kinesis Stream. This meets a company objective of using only managed services to reduce operational overhead.The company needs an appropriate architecture that allows support engineers to search on historic cases and find similar issues and their associated responses. Which AWS Lambda action is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Ingest and index the content into an Amazon Elasticsearch domain.

Answer

Stem and tokenize the input and store the results into Amazon ElastiCache.

Answer

Write data as JSON into Amazon DynamoDB with primary and secondary indexes.

Answer

Aggregate feedback in Amazon S3 using a columnar format with partitioning.

Question 19

A solutions architect works for a company that has a data lake based on a central Amazon S3 bucket. The data contains sensitive information. The architect must be able to specify exactly which files each user can access. Users access the platform through a SAML federation Single Sign On platform. The architect needs to build a solution that allows fine grained access control, traceability of access to the objects, and usage of the standard tools (AWS Console, AWS CLI) to access the data.Which solution should the architect build?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon S3 Client-Side Encryption with AWS KMS-Managed Keys for storing data. Use AWS KMS Grants to allow access to specific elements of theplatform. Use AWS CloudTrail for auditing.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 Server-Side Encryption with AWS KMS-Managed Keys for storing data. Use AWS KMS Grants to allow access to specific elements of theplatform. Use AWS CloudTrail for auditing.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 Server-Side Encryption with Amazon S3-Managed Keys. Set Amazon S3 ACLs to allow access to specific elements of the platform. UseAmazon S3 to access logs for auditing.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 Client-Side Encryption with Client-Side Master Key. Set Amazon S3 ACLs to allow access to specific elements of the platform. Use AmazonS3 to access logs for auditing.

Question 20

A company that provides economics data dashboards needs to be able to develop software to display rich, interactive, data-driven graphics that run in web browsers and leverages the full stack of web standards (HTML, SVG, and CSS). Which technology provides the most appropriate support for this requirements?

Accepted Answer

D3.js

Answer

IPython/Jupyter

Answer

R Studio

Answer

Hue

Question 21

A company hosts a portfolio of e-commerce websites across the Oregon, N. Virginia, Ireland, and Sydney AWS regions. Each site keeps log files that capture user behavior. The company has built an application that generates batches of product recommendations with collaborative filtering in Oregon. Oregon was selected because the flagship site is hosted there and provides the largest collection of data to train machine learning models against. The other regions do NOT have enough historic data to train accurate machine learning models.Which set of data processing steps improves recommendations for each region?

Accepted Answer

Use the CloudWatch Logs agent to consolidate logs into a single CloudWatch Logs group.

Answer

Use the e-commerce application in Oregon to write replica log files in each other region.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 bucket replication to consolidate log entries and build a single model in Oregon.

Answer

Use Kinesis as a buffer for web logs and replicate logs to the Kinesis stream of a neighboring region.

Question 22

There are thousands of text files on Amazon S3. The total size of the files is 1 PB. The files contain retail order information for the past 2 years. A data engineer needs to run multiple interactive queries to manipulate the data. The Data Engineer has AWS access to spin up an Amazon EMR cluster. The data engineer needs to use an application on the cluster to process this data and return the results in interactive time frame. Which application on the cluster should the data engineer use?

Accepted Answer

Apache Hive

Answer

Oozie

Answer

Apache Pig with Tachyon

Answer

Presto

Question 23

A media advertising company handles a large number of real-time messages sourced from over 200 websites. The company's data engineer needs to collect and process records in real time for analysis using Spark Streaming on Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR). The data engineer needs to fulfill a corporate mandate to keep ALL raw messages as they are received as a top priority. Which Amazon Kinesis configuration meets these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Publish messages to Amazon Kinesis Firehose backed by Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3). Use AWS Lambda to pull messages from Firehose toStreams for processing with Spark Streaming.

Answer

Publish messages to Amazon Kinesis Firehose backed by Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3). Pull messages off Firehose with Spark Streaming in parallelto persistence to Amazon S3.

Answer

Publish messages to Amazon Kinesis Streams. Pull messages off Streams with Spark Streaming in parallel to AWS Lambda pushing messages fromStreams to Firehose backed by Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3).

Answer

Publish messages to Amazon Kinesis Streams, pull messages off with Spark Streaming, and write raw data to Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) beforeand after processing.

Question 24

A solutions architect for a logistics organization ships packages from thousands of suppliers to end customers. The architect is building a platform where suppliers can view the status of one or more of their shipments. Each supplier can have multiple roles that will only allow access to specific fields in the resulting information.Which strategy allows the appropriate level of access control and requires the LEAST amount of management work?

Accepted Answer

Send the tracking data to Amazon Kinesis Firehose. Use Amazon S3 notifications and AWS Lambda to prepare files in Amazon S3 with appropriate data foreach supplier's roles. Generate temporary AWS credentials for the suppliers'users with AWS STS. Limit access to the appropriate files through security policies.

Answer

Send the tracking data to Amazon Kinesis Streams. Use AWS Lambda to store the data in an Amazon DynamoDB Table. Generate temporary AWScredentials for the suppliers' users with AWS STS, specifying fine-grained securitypolicies to limit access only to their applicable data.

Answer

Send the tracking data to Amazon Kinesis Streams. Use Amazon EMR with Spark Streaming to store the data in HBase. Create one table per supplier. UseHBase Kerberos integration with the suppliers' users. Use HBase ACL-basedsecurity to limit access for the roles to their specific table and columns.

Answer

Send the tracking data to Amazon Kinesis Firehose. Store the data in an Amazon Redshift cluster. Create views for the suppliers' users and roles. Allowsuppliers access to the Amazon Redshift cluster using a user limited to theapplicable view.

Question 25

A company's social media manager requests more staff on the weekends to handle an increase in customer contacts from a particular region. The company needs a report to visualize the trends on weekends over the past 6 months using QuickSight. How should the data be represented?

Accepted Answer

A map of regions with a heatmap overlay to show the volume of customer contacts

Answer

A line graph plotting customer contacts vs. time, with a line for each region

Answer

A pie chart per region plotting customer contacts per day of week

Answer

A bar graph plotting region vs. volume of social media contacts

Question 26

How should an Administrator BEST architect a large multi-layer Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) running with MXNET on Amazon EC2? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use data parallelism to partition the workload over multiple devices and balance the workload within the GPUs.

Accepted Answer

Use general purpose GPU computing instances such as G3 and P3.

Answer

Use compute-optimized EC2 instances with an attached elastic GPU.

Answer

Use processing parallelism to partition the workload over multiple storage devices and balance the workload within the GPUs.

Question 27

An organization is soliciting public feedback through a web portal that has been deployed to track the number of requests and other important data. As part of reporting and visualization, AmazonQuickSight connects to an Amazon RDS database to virtualize data. Management wants to understand some important metrics about feedback and how the feedback has changed over the last four weeks in a visual representation.What would be the MOST effective way to represent multiple iterations of an analysis in Amazon QuickSight that would show how the data has changed over the last four weeks?

Accepted Answer

Use a story option to preserve multiple iterations of an analysis and play the iterations sequentially.

Answer

Use the analysis option for data captured in each week and view the data by a date range.

Answer

Use a pivot table as a visual option to display measured values and weekly aggregate data as a row dimension.

Answer

Use a dashboard option to create an analysis of the data for each week and apply filters to visualize the data change.

Question 28

An organization is setting up a data catalog and metadata management environment for their numerous data stores currently running on AWS. The data catalog will be used to determine the structure and other attributes of data in the data stores. The data stores are composed of Amazon RDS databases, Amazon Redshift, and CSV files residing on Amazon S3. The catalog should be populated on a scheduled basis, and minimal administration is required to manage the catalog.How can this be accomplished?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Glue Data Catalog as the data catalog and schedule crawlers that connect to data sources to populate the database.

Answer

Set up Amazon DynamoDB as the data catalog and run a scheduled AWS Lambda function that connects to data sources to populate the database.

Answer

Use an Amazon database as the data catalog and run a scheduled AWS Lambda function that connects to data sources to populate the database.

Answer

Set up Apache Hive metastore on an Amazon EC2 instance and run a scheduled bash script that connects to data sources to populate the metastore.

Question 29

An organization is currently using an Amazon EMR long-running cluster with the latest Amazon EMR release for analytic jobs and is storing data as external tables on Amazon S3.The company needs to launch multiple transient EMR clusters to access the same tables concurrently, but the metadata about the Amazon S3 external tables are defined and stored on the long-running cluster.Which solution will expose the Hive metastore with the LEAST operational effort?

Accepted Answer

Export Hive metastore information to a MySQL table on Amazon RDS and configure the Amazon EMR hive-site classification to point to the Amazon RDSdatabase.

Answer

Export Hive metastore information to Amazon DynamoDB hive-site classification to point to the Amazon DynamoDB table.

Answer

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance, install and configure Apache Derby, and export the Hive metastore information to derby.

Answer

Create and configure an AWS Glue Data Catalog as a Hive metastore for Amazon EMR.

Question 30

An organization is using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to collect data generated from thousands of temperature devices and is using AWS Lambda to process the data. Devices generate 10 to 12 million records every day, but Lambda is processing only around 450 thousand records. Amazon CloudWatch indicates that throttling on Lambda is not occurring.What should be done to ensure that all data is processed? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Increase the BatchSize value on the EventSource, and increase the memory allocated to the Lambda function.

Accepted Answer

Increase the number of shards on the Amazon Kinesis stream.

Answer

Decrease the BatchSize value on the EventSource, and increase the memory allocated to the Lambda function.

Answer

Create multiple Lambda functions that will consume the same Amazon Kinesis stream.

Answer

Increase the number of vCores allocated for the Lambda function.

Question 31

An Operations team continuously monitors the number of visitors to a website to identify any potential system problems. The number of website visitors varies throughout the day. The site is more popular in the middle of the day and less popular at night.Which type of dashboard display would be the MOST useful to allow staff to quickly and correctly identify system problems?

Accepted Answer

An overlay line chart showing today's website visitors at one-minute intervals and also the historical average number of website visitors.

Answer

A vertical stacked bar chart showing today's website visitors and the historical average number of website visitors.

Answer

A single KPI metric showing the statistical variance between the current number of website visitors and the historical number of website visitors for thecurrent time of day.

Answer

A scatter plot showing today's website visitors on the X-axis and the historical average number of website visitors on the Y-axis.

Question 32

An organization would like to run analytics on their Elastic Load Balancing logs stored in Amazon S3 and join this data with other tables in Amazon S3. The users are currently using a BI tool connecting with JDBC and would like to keep using this BI tool.Which solution would result in the LEAST operational overhead?

Accepted Answer

Trigger a Lambda function when a new log file is added to the bucket to transform and move it to another bucket with an optimized data structure. UseAmazon Athena to query the optimized bucket.

Answer

Trigger a Lambda function when a new log file is added to the bucket to transform and load it into Amazon Redshift. Run the VACUUM command on theAmazon Redshift cluster every night.

Answer

Launch a long-running Amazon EMR cluster that continuously downloads and transforms new files from Amazon S3 into its HDFS storage. Use Presto toexpose the data through JDBC.

Answer

Launch a transient Amazon EMR cluster every night that transforms new log files and loads them into Amazon Redshift.

Question 33

An organization has added a clickstream to their website to analyze traffic. The website is sending each page request with the PutRecord API call to an Amazon Kinesis stream by using the page name as the partition key. During peak spikes in website traffic, a support engineer notices many ProvisionedThroughputExcededException events in the application logs.What should be done to resolve the issue in the MOST cost-effective way?

Accepted Answer

Increase the number of shards on the Kinesis stream to allow for more throughput to meet the peak spikes in traffic.

Answer

Create multiple Amazon Kinesis streams for page requests to increase the concurrency of the clickstream.

Answer

Modify the application to use on the Kinesis Producer Library to aggregate requests before sending them to the Kinesis stream.

Answer

Attach more consumers to the Kinesis stream to process records in parallel, improving the performance on the stream.

Question 34

An organization currently runs a large Hadoop environment in their data center and is in the process of creating an alternative Hadoop environment on AWS, using Amazon EMR.They generate around 20 TB of data on a monthly basis. Also on a monthly basis, files need to be grouped and copied to Amazon S3 to be used for the AmazonEMR environment. They have multiple S3 buckets across AWS accounts to which data needs to be copied. There is a 10G AWS Direct Connect setup between their data center and AWS, and the network team has agreed to allocate

Accepted Answer

Configure a multipart upload for Amazon S3 on AWS Java SDK to transfer data over AWS Direct Connect.

Answer

Use an offline copy method, such as an AWS Snowball device, to copy and transfer data to Amazon S3.

Answer

Use Amazon S3 transfer acceleration capability to transfer data to Amazon S3 over AWS Direct Connect.

Answer

Setup S3DistCop tool on the on-premises Hadoop environment to transfer data to Amazon S3 over AWS Direct Connect.

Question 35

An organization is developing a mobile social application and needs to collect logs from all devices on which it is installed. The organization is evaluating the Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to push logs and Amazon EMR to process data. They want to store data on HDFS using the default replication factor to replicate data among the cluster, but they are concerned about the durability of the data. Currently, they are producing 300 GB of raw data daily, with additional spikes during special events. They will need to scale out the Amazon EMR cluster to match the increase in streamed data. Which solution prevents data loss and matches compute demand?

Accepted Answer

use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose and, instead of using Amazon EMR, stream logs directly into Amazon Elasticsearch Service.

Answer

Use multiple Amazon EBS volumes on Amazon EMR to store processed data and scale out the Amazon EMR cluster as needed.

Answer

Use the EMR File System and Amazon S3 to store processed data and scale out the Amazon EMR cluster as needed.

Answer

Use Amazon DynamoDB to store processed data and scale out the Amazon EMR cluster as needed.

Question 36

An advertising organization uses an application to process a stream of events that are received from clients in multiple unstructured formats.The application does the following:Transforms the events into a single structured format and streams them to Amazon Kinesis for real-time analysis.Stores the unstructured raw events from the log files on local hard drivers that are rotated and uploaded to Amazon S3. The organization wants to extract campaign performance reporting using an existing Amazon redshift cluster.Which solution will provide the performance data with the LEAST number of operations?

Accepted Answer

Create an external table in Amazon Redshift and point it to the S3 bucket where the unstructured raw events are stored.

Answer

Install the Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose agent on the application servers and use it to stream the log files directly to Amazon Redshift.

Answer

Write an AWS Lambda function that triggers every hour to load the new log files already in S3 to Amazon redshift.

Answer

Connect Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to the existing Amazon Kinesis stream and use it to stream the event directly to Amazon Redshift.

Question 37

An organization is designing an Amazon DynamoDB table for an application that must meet the following requirements: Item size is 40 KBRead/write ratio 2000/500 sustained, respectivelyHeavily read-oriented and requires low latencies in the order of millisecondsThe application runs on an Amazon EC2 instanceAccess to the DynamoDB table must be secure within the VPCMinimal changes to application code to improve performance using write-through cache Which design options will BEST meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Size the DynamoDB table with 10000 RCUs/20000 WCUs, implement the DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) for read performance, use VPC endpoints forDynamoDB, and implement an IAM role on the EC2 instance to secure DynamoDBaccess.

Answer

Size the DynamoDB table with 20000 RCUs/20000 WCUs, implement the DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) for read performance, leverage VPC endpoints forDynamoDB, and implement an IAM user on the EC2 instance to secureDynamoDB access.

Answer

Size the DynamoDB table with 10000 RCUs/20000 WCUs, implement Amazon ElastiCache for read performance, set up a NAT gateway on VPC for the EC2instance to access DynamoDB, and implement an IAM role on the EC2instance to secure DynamoDB access.

Answer

Size the DynamoDB table with 20000 RCUs/20000 WCUs, implement Amazon ElastiCache for read performance, leverage VPC endpoints for DynamoDB,and implement an IAM user on the EC2 instance to secure DynamoDB access.

Question 38

An organization needs to store sensitive information on Amazon S3 and process it through Amazon EMR. Data must be encrypted on Amazon S3 and Amazon EMR at rest and in transit. Using Thrift Server, the Data Analysis team users HIVE to interact with this data. The organization would like to grant access to only specific databases and tables, giving permission only to the SELECT statement.Which solution will protect the data and limit user access to the SELECT statement on a specific portion of data?

Accepted Answer

Use AWS KMS for encryption of data. Configure and attach multiple roles with different permissions based on the different user needs.

Answer

Configure Transparent Data Encryption on Amazon EMR. Create an Amazon EC2 instance and install Apache Ranger. Configure the authorization on thecluster to use Apache Ranger.

Answer

Configure data encryption at rest for EMR File System (EMRFS) on Amazon S3. Configure data encryption in transit for traffic between Amazon S3 andEMRFS. Configure storage and SQL base authorization on HiveServer2.

Answer

Configure Security Group on Amazon EMR. Create an Amazon VPC endpoint for Amazon S3. Configure HiveServer2 to use Kerberos authentication on thecluster.

Question 39

Multiple rows in an Amazon Redshift table were accidentally deleted. A System Administrator is restoring the table from the most recent snapshot. The snapshot contains all rows that were in the table before the deletion.What is the SIMPLEST solution to restore the table without impacting users?

Accepted Answer

Use the Restore Table from a Snapshot command and specify a new table name DROP the original table, then RENAME the new table to the original tablename.

Answer

Restore the snapshot to a new Amazon Redshift cluster, then UNLOAD the table to Amazon S3. In the original cluster, TRUNCATE the table, then load thedata from Amazon S3 by using a COPY command.

Answer

Restore the snapshot to a new Amazon Redshift cluster. Create a DBLINK between the two clusters in the original cluster, TRUNCATE the destination table,then use an INSERT command to copy the data from the new cluster.

Answer

Use the ALTER TABLE REVERT command and specify a time stamp of immediately before the data deletion. Specify the Amazon Resource Name of thesnapshot as the SOURCE and use the OVERWRITE REPLACE option.

Question 40

An organization's data warehouse contains sales data for reporting purposes. data governance policies prohibit staff from accessing the customers' credit card numbers.How can these policies be adhered to and still allow a Data Scientist to group transactions that use the same credit card number?

Accepted Answer

Mask the credit card numbers to only show the last four digits of the credit card number.

Answer

Store a cryptographic hash of the credit card number.

Answer

Encrypt the credit card number with a symmetric encryption key, and give the key only to the authorized Data Scientist.

Answer

Encrypt the credit card number with an asymmetric encryption key and give the decryption key only to the authorized Data Scientist.

Amazon BDS-C00 Practice Test 2

Amazon BDS-C00 Practice Tests

Amazon BDS-C00 Practice Test 2

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Amazon BDS-C00 Practice Tests

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