Linux Foundation CKA Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 3

solution

You must use the kubeadm configuration file located at /etc/kubeadm.conf when initializing your cluster.

You may use any CNI plugin to complete this task, but if you don't have your favourite CNI plugin's manifest URL at hand, Calico is one popular option:

https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.14/manifests/calico.yaml

Docker is already installed on both nodes and apt has been configured so that you can install the required tools.

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solution

Persistent Volume

A persistent volume is a piece of storage in a Kubernetes cluster. PersistentVolumes are a clusterlevel resource like nodes, which don't belong to any namespace. It is provisioned by the administrator and has a particular file size. This way, a developer deploying their app on Kubernetes need not know the underlying infrastructure. When the developer needs a certain amount of persistent storage for their application, the system administrator configures the cluster so that they consume the PersistentVolume provisioned in an easy way.

Creating Persistent Volume

kind: PersistentVolume

apiVersion: v1

metadata:

name:app-data

spec:

capacity: # defines the capacity of PV we are creating

storage: 2Gi #the amount of storage we are tying to claim

accessModes: # defines the rights of the volume we are creating

- ReadWriteMany

hostPath:

path: "/srv/app-data" # path to which we are creating the volume

Challenge

Create a Persistent Volume named app-data, with access mode ReadWriteMany, storage classname shared, 2Gi of storage capacity and the host path /srv/app-data.

2. Save the file and create the persistent volume.

3. View the persistent volume.

Our persistent volume status is available meaning it is available and it has not been mounted yet.

This status will change when we mount the persistentVolume to a persistentVolumeClaim.

PersistentVolumeClaim

In a real ecosystem, a system admin will create the PersistentVolume then a developer will create a

PersistentVolumeClaim which will be referenced in a pod. A PersistentVolumeClaim is created by specifying the minimum size and the access mode they require from the persistentVolume.

Challenge

Create a Persistent Volume Claim that requests the Persistent Volume we had created above. The claim should request 2Gi. Ensure that the Persistent Volume Claim has the same storageClassName as the persistentVolume you had previously created.

kind: PersistentVolume

apiVersion: v1

metadata:

name:app-data

spec:

accessModes:

- ReadWriteMany

resources:

requests:

storage: 2Gi

storageClassName: shared

2. Save and create the pvc

njerry191@cloudshell:~ (extreme-clone-2654111)$ kubect1 create -f app-data.yaml

persistentvolumeclaim/app-data created

3. View the pvc

4. Let's see what has changed in the pv we had initially created.

Our status has now changed from available to bound.

5. Create a new pod named myapp with image nginx that will be used to Mount the Persistent

Volume Claim with the path /var/app/config.

Mounting a Claim

apiVersion: v1

kind: Pod

metadata:

creationTimestamp: null

name: app-data

spec:

volumes:

- name:congigpvc

persistenVolumeClaim:

claimName: app-data

containers:

- image: nginx

name: app

volumeMounts:

- mountPath: "/srv/app-data "

name: configpvc

kubectl create namespace development

kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --restart=Never -n development

kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --restart=Never --labels=env=test --namespace=engineering --dryrun

-o yaml > nginx-pod.yaml

kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --restart=Never --labels=env=test --namespace=engineering --dryrun

-o yaml | kubectl create -n engineering -f –

YAML File:

apiVersion: v1

kind: Pod

metadata:

name: nginx

namespace: engineering

labels:

env: test

spec:

containers:

- name: nginx

image: nginx

imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

restartPolicy: Never

kubectl create -f nginx-pod.yaml

kubectl get po –all-namespaces > /opt/pods-list.yaml

kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --restart=Never --port=80

kubectl run busybox --image=busybox --restart=Never –-rm -it -- env > envpod.yaml

Kubectl logs frontend | grep -i "started" > /opt/error-logs