ECCouncil ECSS Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 2

List of questions
Question 11

Kevin, an attacker, is attempting to compromise a cloud server. In this process, Kevin intercepted the SOAP messages transmitted between a user and the server, manipulated the body of the message, and then redirected it to the server as a legitimate user to gain access and run malicious code on the cloud server.
Identify the attack initiated by Kevin on the target cloud server.
Side-channel attack
Wrapping attack
Cross guest VM breaches
DNS spoofing
The attack described involves intercepting and manipulating SOAP messages, which is characteristic of a wrapping attack. In a wrapping attack, the attacker intercepts the SOAP message and alters the body content to perform unauthorized actions, such as running malicious code on the server. This type of attack exploits the XML signature or encryption of SOAP messages, allowing the attacker to impersonate a legitimate user and gain unauthorized access.
Question 12

Bob has secretly installed smart CCTV devices (loT devices) outside his home and wants to access the recorded data from a remote location. These smart CCTV devices send sensed data to an intermediate device that carries out pre-processing of data online before transmitting it to the cloud for storage and analysis. The analyzed data is then sent to Bob for initiating actions.
Identify the component of loT architecture that collects data from loT devices and performs data preprocessing.
Data lakes
Streaming data processor
Gateway
A Machine learning
In the context of IoT architecture, the component that collects data from IoT devices and performs data preprocessing is typically referred to as aGateway. This device acts as an intermediary between the IoT devices and the cloud infrastructure. It is responsible for aggregating data, performing initial processing, and then transmitting the data to the cloud for further storage and analysis. Gateways are crucial for reducing latency, providing local data buffering, and ensuring that only necessary data is sent to the cloud, thereby optimizing network and storage resources.
Question 13

Which of the following MAC forensic data components saves file information and related events using a token with a binary structure?
Kexts
User account
Command-line inputs
Basic Security Module
In the context of MAC (Mandatory Access Control) forensics, the Basic Security Module (BSM) is known to save file information and related events using a token with a binary structure. BSM is part of the auditing system that records security-related events and data. Each BSM audit record is composed of one or more tokens, where each token has a specific type identifier followed by data relevant to that token type. This structure allows for a detailed and organized way to store and retrieve event data, which is crucial for forensic analysis.
Question 14

Roxanne is a professional hacker hired by an agency to disrupt the business services of their rival company. Roxanne employed a special type of malware that consumes a server's memory and network bandwidth when triggered. Consequently, the target server is overloaded and stops responding.
Identify the type of malware Roxanne has used in the above scenario.
Rootkit
Armored virus
worm
Spyware
In the scenario described, the malware that consumes a server's memory and network bandwidth, causing the server to overload and stop responding, is typically aworm. Worms are a type of malware that replicate themselves and spread to other computers across a network, often consuming significant system resources and network bandwidth in the process. Unlike viruses, which require human action to spread, worms typically exploit vulnerabilities or use automated methods to propagate without the need for user intervention.
Question 15

Joseph, a security professional, was instructed to secure the organization's network. In this process, he began analyzing packet headers to check whether any indications of source and destination IP addresses and port numbers are being changed during transmission.
Identify the attack signature analysis technique performed by Joseph in the above scenario.
Composite-signature-based analysis
Context based signature analysis
Content based signature analysis
Atomic signature based analysis
Joseph's analysis of packet headers to check for changes in source and destination IP addresses and port numbers during transmission is indicative of a context-based signature analysis technique. This method focuses on understanding the context or circumstances under which network data operates, rather than just the content of the packets themselves. By analyzing the changes in IP addresses and port numbers, Joseph is looking for patterns or anomalies that could suggest a security threat or an ongoing attack, such as IP spoofing or port redirection, which are common tactics in network intrusions.
Context-based signature analysis differs from other types, such as atomic and composite signature analysis, by focusing on the behavioral aspects and the situational context of the network traffic. Atomic signature analysis, for instance, relies on single, unique identifiers within a piece of malware or an attack vector, while composite signature analysis looks at multiple attributes or behaviors combined to identify a threat. Content-based signature analysis, another common technique, examines the actual payload of packets for specific malicious content or patterns known to be associated with malware.
Joseph's approach is particularly effective in identifying sophisticated attacks that may not have a known signature or a specific malicious payload but exhibit unusual patterns in how they manipulate network traffic. By understanding the context and the normal baseline of network activities, security professionals like Joseph can detect and mitigate threats that would otherwise go unnoticed with more conventional signature-based methods.
Question 16

John, a forensic officer, was working on a criminal case. He employed imaging software to create a copy of data from the suspect device on a storage medium for further investigation. For developing an image of the original data, John used a software application that does not allow an unauthorized user to alter the image content on storage media, thereby retaining an unaltered image copy.
Identify the data acquisition step performed by John in the above scenario.
Validated data acquisition
Planned for contingency
Sanitized the target media
Enabled write protection on the evidence media
In digital forensics, write protection is a crucial step during data acquisition to ensure that the data being imaged cannot be altered during the process. This is essential to maintain the integrity of the evidence. John's use of imaging software that prevents unauthorized alteration indicates that he enabled write protection, which is a standard practice to safeguard the original data on storage media.
Question 17

Melissa, an ex-employee of an organization, was fired because of misuse of resources and security violations. She sought revenge against the company and targeted its network, as she is already aware of its network topology.
Which of the following categories of insiders does Melissa belong to?
Malicious insider
Professional insider
Compromised insider
Negligent insider
Melissa's actions classify her as a malicious insider. This category includes individuals who intentionally misuse access to harm the organization. Her intent to seek revenge and her deliberate targeting of the company's network due to a grudge from being fired are indicative of a malicious insider threat.Reference: This explanation is based on general cybersecurity knowledge and definitions of insider threats. For specific references, please consult the EC-Council Certified Security Specialist (E|CSS) documents and study materials.
Question 18

John, from a remote location, was monitoring his bedridden grandfather's health condition at his home. John has placed a smart wearable ECC on his grandfather's wrist so that he can receive alerts to his mobile phone and can keep a track over his grandfather's health condition periodically.
Which of the following types of loT communication model was demonstrated in the above scenario?
Cloud-lo-cloud communication model
Device to gateway model
Device to device model
Device-to-cloud model
In the scenario described, John is using aDevice-to-cloud modelof IoT communication. This model involves direct communication between the smart wearable ECC (IoT device) and the cloud, where the data is stored and analyzed. Alerts and health condition updates are then sent from the cloud to John's mobile phone. This model is efficient for scenarios where IoT devices need to send data directly to a cloud service for storage, analysis, and further action, without the need for an intermediary device or gateway.
Question 19

A system that a cybercriminal was suspected to have used for performing an anti-social activity through the Tor browser. James reviewed the active network connections established using specific ports via Tor.
Which of the following port numbers does Tor use for establishing a connection via Tor nodes?
1026/64666
9150/9151
3024/4092
31/456
Tor Network Functionality:The Tor network is designed to protect user anonymity by routing traffic through a series of relays (nodes). This obfuscates the source of the traffic and makes it difficult to trace.
SOCKS Proxy:Tor primarily functions as a SOCKS proxy to facilitate this anonymization. Applications configured to use Tor's SOCKS proxy will have their traffic routed through the Tor network.
Default Ports:
9050:The standard SOCKS port used by standalone Tor installations.
9150:The typical SOCKS port for the Tor Browser Bundle, a self-contained package with Tor and a pre-configured browser.
Question 20

Bob. a network specialist in an organization, is attempting to identify malicious activities in the network. In this process. Bob analyzed specific data that provided him a summary of a conversation between two network devices, including a source IP and source port, a destination IP and destination port, the duration of the conversation, and the information shared during the conversation.
Which of the following types of network-based evidence was collected by Bob in the above scenario?
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