Isaca NIST-COBIT-2019 Practice Test - Questions Answers

According to the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, gaps identified between the current and target profiles should be addressed through a risk-based approach, which enables an organization to gauge the resources needed and prioritize the mitigation of gaps in a cost-effective manner. This approach also aligns the cybersecurity program with the business objectives and risk appetite of the organization12.

Reference Examples of Framework Profiles | NIST What is the NIST Cybersecurity Framework? | IBM

The COBIT implementation phase that directs the development of an action plan based on the outcomes described in the Target Profile is Phase 5 - How Do We Get There? This phase involves defining the detailed steps, resources, roles, and responsibilities for executing the implementation plan and achieving the desired outcomes12.

Reference 7 Phases in COBIT Implementation | COBIT Certification - Simplilearn COBIT 2019 Design and Implementation COBIT Implementation, page 31.

One of the objectives of CSF Step 6 is to translate improvement opportunities into justifiable, contributing projects, which means to develop an action plan that addresses the gaps between the current and target profiles, and that aligns with the organization's mission drivers, risk appetite, and resource constraints12.

Reference Getting Started with the NIST Cybersecurity Framework: A Quick Start Guide, page 8. NIST CSF: The seven-step cybersecurity framework process

One of the framework principles established by NIST is to ensure that the framework is consistent and aligned with existing regulatory and legal requirements that are relevant to cybersecurity12.

Executives are the role that will benefit most from a better understanding of the current cybersecurity posture by applying the CSF. This is because executives are responsible for setting the strategic direction, objectives, and priorities for the organization, as well as overseeing the allocation of resources and the management of risks1. By applying the CSF, executives can gain a comprehensive and consistent view of the cybersecurity risks and capabilities of the organization, and align them with the business goals and requirements2. The CSF can also help executives communicate and collaborate with other stakeholders, such as regulators, customers, suppliers, and partners, on cybersecurity issues3.

According to the TM Forum's Business Process Framework (eTOM), the business/process level is responsible for defining the business strategy, objectives, and requirements, as well as monitoring and controlling the performance and quality of the processes1. The implementation/operations level is responsible for designing, developing, and executing the processes that deliver and support the services1. When coordinating framework implementation, these two levels collaborate to assess changes in current and future risks, such as market trends, customer expectations, regulatory compliance, security threats, and operational issues2. This helps them to align the processes with the business goals and outcomes, and to identify and mitigate any potential gaps or challenges3.

This principle corresponds to the CSF application stating that CSF profiles support flexibility in content and structure, because both emphasize the need for tailoring the governance system to the specific context and requirements of the enterprise12. The CSF profiles are based on the enterprise's business drivers, risk appetite, and current and target cybersecurity posture3. The COBIT 2019 design factors are a set of parameters that influence the design and operation of the governance system, such as enterprise strategy, size, culture, and regulatory environment4.

The Identify function provides foundational activities for the effective use of the Cybersecurity Framework, because it assists in developing an organizational understanding of managing cybersecurity risk to systems, people, assets, data, and capabilities12. This understanding enables an organization to focus and prioritize its efforts, consistent with its risk management strategy and business needs12. The Identify function includes outcome categories such as Asset Management, Business Environment, Governance, Risk Assessment, Risk Management Strategy, and Supply Chain Risk Management12.

A CSF Informative Reference within the CSF Core provides a citation to a related activity from another standard or guideline that can help an organization achieve the outcome described in a CSF Subcategory12. For example, the Informative Reference for ID.AM-1 (Physical devices and systems within the organization are inventoried) is COBIT 5 APO01.01, which states 'Maintain an inventory of IT assets'3.