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SCENARIO Please use the following to answer the next question: ProStorage is a multinational cloud storage provider headquartered in the Netherlands. Its CEO. Ruth Brown, has developed a two-pronged strategy for growth: 1) expand ProStorage s global customer base and 2) increase ProStorage's sales force by efficiently onboarding effective teams. Enacting this strategy has recently been complicated by Ruth's health condition, which has limited her working hours, as well as her ability to travel to meet potential customers. ProStorage's Human Resources department and Ruth's Chief of Staff now work together to manage her schedule and ensure that she is able to make all her medical appointments The latter has become especially crucial after Ruth's last trip to India, where she suffered a medical emergency and was hospitalized m New Delhi Unable to reach Ruths family, the hospital reached out to ProStorage and was able to connect with her Chief of Staff, who in coordination with Mary, the head of HR. provided information to the doctors based on accommodate on requests Ruth made when she started a: ProStorage In support of Ruth's strategic goals of hiring more sales representatives, the Human Resources team is focused on improving its processes to ensure that new employees are sourced, interviewed, hired, and onboarded efficiently. To help with this, Mary identified two vendors, HRYourWay, a German based company, and InstaHR, an Australian based company. She decided to have both vendors go through ProStorage's vendor risk review process so she can work with Ruth to make the final decision. As part of the review process, Jackie, who is responsible for maintaining ProStorage's privacy program (including maintaining controller BCRs and conducting vendor risk assessments), reviewed both vendors but completed a transfer impact assessment only for InstaHR. After her review of both boasted a more established privacy program and provided third-party attestations, whereas HRYourWay was a small vendor with minimal data protection operations. Thus, she recommended InstaHR. ProStorage's marketing team also worked to meet the strategic goals of the company by focusing on industries where it needed to grow its market share. To help with this, the team selected as a partner UpFinance, a US based company with deep connections to financial industry customers. During ProStorage's diligence process, Jackie from the privacy team noted in the transfer impact assessment that UpFinance implements several data protection measures including end-to-end encryption, with encryption keys held by the customer. Notably, UpFinance has not received any government requests in its 7 years of business. Still, Jackie recommended that the contract require UpFinance to notify ProStorage if it receives a government request for personal data UpFinance processes on its behalf prior to disclosing such data. What transfer mechanism did ProStorage most likely rely on to transfer Ruth's medical information to the hospital?








SCENARIO Please use the following to answer the next question: Brady is a computer programmer based in New Zealand who has been running his own business for two years. Brady's business provides a low-cost suite of services to customers throughout the European Economic Area (EEA). The services are targeted towards new and aspiring small business owners. Brady's company, called Brady Box, provides web page design services, a Social Networking Service (SNS) and consulting services that help people manage their own online stores. Unfortunately, Brady has been receiving some complaints. A customer named Anna recently uploaded her plans for a new product onto Brady Box's chat area, which is open to public viewing. Although she realized her mistake two weeks later and removed the document, Anna is holding Brady Box responsible for not noticing the error through regular monitoring of the website. Brady believes he should not be held liable. Another customer, Felipe, was alarmed to discover that his personal information was transferred to a third- party contractor called Hermes Designs and worries that sensitive information regarding his business plans may be misused. Brady does not believe he violated European privacy rules. He provides a privacy notice to all of his customers explicitly stating that personal data may be transferred to specific third parties in fulfillment of a requested service. Felipe says he read the privacy notice but that it was long and complicated Brady continues to insist that Felipe has no need to be concerned, as he can personally vouch for the integrity of Hermes Designs. In fact, Hermes Designs has taken the initiative to create sample customized banner advertisements for customers like Felipe. Brady is happy to provide a link to the example banner ads, now posted on the Hermes Designs webpage. Hermes Designs plans on following up with direct marketing to these customers. Brady was surprised when another customer, Serge, expressed his dismay that a quotation by him is being used within a graphic collage on Brady Box's home webpage. The quotation is attributed to Serge by first and last name. Brady, however, was not worried about any sort of litigation. He wrote back to Serge to let him know that he found the quotation within Brady Box's Social Networking Service (SNS), as Serge himself had posted the quotation. In his response, Brady did offer to remove the quotation as a courtesy. Despite some customer complaints, Brady's business is flourishing. He even supplements his income through online behavioral advertising (OBA) via a third-party ad network with whom he has set clearly defined roles. Brady is pleased that, although some customers are not explicitly aware of the OBA, the advertisements contain useful products and services. Under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), what is the most likely reason Serge may have grounds to object to the use of his quotation?

Question 80 - CIPP-E discussion

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A company is hesitating between Binding Corporate Rules and Standard Contractual Clauses as a global data transfer solution. Which of the following statements would help the company make an effective decision?

A.

Binding Corporate Rules are especially recommended for small and medium companies.

Answers
A.

Binding Corporate Rules are especially recommended for small and medium companies.

B.

The data exporter does not need to be located in the EU for the standard Contractual Clauses.

Answers
B.

The data exporter does not need to be located in the EU for the standard Contractual Clauses.

C.

Binding Corporate Rules provide a global solution for all the entities of a company that are bound by the intra-group agreement.

Answers
C.

Binding Corporate Rules provide a global solution for all the entities of a company that are bound by the intra-group agreement.

D.

The company will need the prior authorization of all EU data protection authorities for concluding Standard Contractual Clauses.

Answers
D.

The company will need the prior authorization of all EU data protection authorities for concluding Standard Contractual Clauses.

Suggested answer: C

Explanation:

According to the GDPR, transfers of personal data to third countries or international organisations are only allowed if the controller or processor complies with the conditions laid down in Chapter V of the GDPR1.One of these conditions is the existence of an adequacy decision by the European Commission, which means that the third country or international organisation ensures an adequate level of protection for the personal data2.However, if there is no adequacy decision, the controller or processor must provide appropriate safeguards for the data transfer, such as binding corporate rules (BCR) or standard contractual clauses (SCC)3.

Binding corporate rules (BCR) are internal rules adopted by a group of undertakings or enterprises engaged in a joint economic activity, which define its global policy with regard to the international transfers of personal data within the same corporate group or business partners located in third countries4. BCR must include all the general data protection principles and enforceable rights to ensure appropriate safeguards for the data transfers.They must be legally binding and enforced by every member concerned of the group5.BCR must be approved by the competent supervisory authority in accordance with the consistency mechanism provided by the GDPR6.

Standard contractual clauses (SCC) are sets of contractual terms and conditions that the controller or processor and the recipient of the data agree to apply to the data transfer.SCC are adopted by the European Commission or by a supervisory authority in accordance with the consistency mechanism and are available in the Official Journal of the European Union7.SCC must offer sufficient safeguards on data protection for the data to be transferred internationally8.

In the given scenario, option C is the statement that would help the company make an effective decision between BCR and SCC, as it highlights the main advantage of BCR over SCC, which is the global and comprehensive solution that BCR provide for all the entities of a company that are bound by the intra-group agreement. BCR are especially suitable for large and complex organisations that have frequent and high-volume data transfers within the same corporate group or business partners located in third countries. BCR also offer more flexibility and legal certainty than SCC, as they are tailored to the specific needs and structure of the group and do not require individual contracts for each data transfer.

The other options (A, B, and D) are either incorrect or misleading statements that would not help the company make an effective decision between BCR and SCC. Option A is incorrect, as BCR are not recommended for small and medium companies, but rather for large and complex ones, as explained above. Option B is misleading, as it implies that the data exporter can be located outside the EU for the SCC, which is true, but not relevant for the comparison with BCR, as the data exporter can also be located outside the EU for the BCR, as long as it is subject to the GDPR by virtue of Article 3(2). Option D is also misleading, as it implies that the company will need the prior authorization of all EU data protection authorities for concluding SCC, which is false, as the company will only need the prior authorization of the competent supervisory authority in the Member State where the data exporter is established, unless the SCC are modified or supplemented by additional clauses or safeguards.Reference:

1: [Article 44 of the GDPR]

2: [Article 45 of the GDPR]

3: [Article 46 of the GDPR]

4: [Article 4 (20) of the GDPR]

5: [Article 47 of the GDPR]

6: [Article 63 of the GDPR]

7: [Article 93 of the GDPR]

8: [Article 46 (2) and (d) of the GDPR]

: [Binding Corporate Rules (BCR)]

: [Article 3 (2) of the GDPR]

: [Article 46 (3) (a) and (b) of the GDPR]

: [Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)]

: [Binding Corporate Rules (BCR) - European Commission]

: [https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32016R0679]

: [https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-topic/data-protection/international-dimension-data-protection/binding-corporate-rules-bcr_en]

: [https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32016R0679]

: [https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-topic/data-protection/international-dimension-data-protection/binding-corporate-rules-bcr_en]

asked 22/11/2024
Khalid Laghmami
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