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Question 230 - DOP-C02 discussion

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A DevOps engineer has created an AWS CloudFormation template that deploys an application on Amazon EC2 instances The EC2 instances run Amazon Linux The application is deployed to the EC2 instances by using shell scripts that contain user data. The EC2 instances have an IAM instance profile that has an IAM role with the AmazonSSMManagedlnstanceCore managed policy attached

The DevOps engineer has modified the user data in the CloudFormation template to install a new version of the application. The engineer has also applied the stack update. However, the application was not updated on the running EC2 instances. The engineer needs to ensure that the changes to the application are installed on the running EC2 instances.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

A.
Configure the user data content to use the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) multipart format. Set the scripts-user parameter to always in the text/cloud-config section.
Answers
A.
Configure the user data content to use the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) multipart format. Set the scripts-user parameter to always in the text/cloud-config section.
B.
Refactor the user data commands to use the cfn-init helper script. Update the user data to install and configure the cfn-hup and cfn-mit helper scripts to monitor and apply the metadata changes
Answers
B.
Refactor the user data commands to use the cfn-init helper script. Update the user data to install and configure the cfn-hup and cfn-mit helper scripts to monitor and apply the metadata changes
C.
Configure an EC2 launch template for the EC2 instances. Create a new EC2 Auto Scaling group. Associate the Auto Scaling group with the EC2 launch template Use the AutoScalingScheduledAction update policy for the Auto Scaling group.
Answers
C.
Configure an EC2 launch template for the EC2 instances. Create a new EC2 Auto Scaling group. Associate the Auto Scaling group with the EC2 launch template Use the AutoScalingScheduledAction update policy for the Auto Scaling group.
D.
Refactor the user data commands to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document). Add an AWS CLI command in the user data to use Systems Manager Run Command to apply the SSM document to the EC2 instances
Answers
D.
Refactor the user data commands to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document). Add an AWS CLI command in the user data to use Systems Manager Run Command to apply the SSM document to the EC2 instances
E.
Refactor the user data command to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document) Use Systems Manager State Manager to create an association between the SSM document and the EC2 instances.
Answers
E.
Refactor the user data command to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document) Use Systems Manager State Manager to create an association between the SSM document and the EC2 instances.
Suggested answer: B, E

Explanation:

Refactor User Data to Use cfn-init and cfn-hup:

cfn-init helps to bootstrap the instance, installing packages and starting services.

cfn-hup is a daemon that can monitor metadata changes and re-apply configurations when necessary.

Example user data script with cfn-init:

#!/bin/bash

yum update -y

yum install -y aws-cfn-bootstrap

/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v --stack ${AWS::StackName} --resource WebServer --region ${AWS::Region}

/opt/aws/bin/cfn-hup

Use Systems Manager State Manager:

State Manager can automatically apply an AWS Systems Manager document to instances at regular intervals, ensuring configurations are kept up-to-date.

Steps:

Create an SSM document that installs and configures your application.

Use State Manager to associate this document with your EC2 instances.

Example SSM document:

{

'schemaVersion': '2.2',

'description': 'Install My Application',

'mainSteps': [

{

'action': 'aws:runShellScript',

'name': 'installApplication',

'inputs': {

'runCommand': [

'yum install -y my-application'

]

}

}

]

}

Create State Manager association:

aws ssm create-association --name 'InstallMyApplication' --instance-id <instance-id> --document-version '\$LATEST'

Using cfn-init and cfn-hup

AWS Systems Manager State Manager

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asked 16/09/2024
Ravi Bhatt
28 questions
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