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A company's engineering team is developing a new application that creates IAM Key Management Service (IAM KMS) CMK grants for users immediately after a grant IS created users must be able to use the CMK tu encrypt a 512-byte payload. During load testing, a bug appears |intermittently where AccessDeniedExceptions are occasionally triggered when a user rst attempts to encrypt using the CMK Which solution should the c0mpany's security specialist recommend'?
A company Is planning to use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) with its on-premises servers. The company has an existing IAM Direct Connect connection established between its on-premises data center and an IAM Region Security policy states that the company's on-premises firewall should only have specific IP addresses added to the allow list and not a CIDR range. The company also wants to restrict access so that only certain data center-based servers have access to Amazon EFS How should a security engineer implement this solution''
A company is implementing new compliance requirements to meet customer needs. According to the new requirements the company must not use any Amazon RDS DB instances or DB clusters that lack encryption of the underlying storage. The company needs a solution that will generate an email alert when an unencrypted DB instance or DB cluster is created. The solution also must terminate the unencrypted DB instance or DB cluster. Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?
A developer has created an AWS Lambda function in a company's development account. The Lambda function requires the use of an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key that exists in a security account that the company's security team controls. The developer obtains the ARN of the KMS key from a previous Lambda function in the development account. The previous Lambda function had been working properly with the KMS key. When the developer uses the ARN and tests the new Lambda function an error message states that access is denied to the KMS key in the security account. The developer tests the previous Lambda function that uses the same KMS key and discovers that the previous Lambda function still can encrypt data as expected. A security engineer must resolve the problem so that the new Lambda function in the development account can use the KMS key from the security account. Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
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An international company has established a new business entity in South Kore a. The company also has established a new AWS account to contain the workload for the South Korean region. The company has set up the workload in the new account in the ap-northeast-2 Region. The workload consists of three Auto Scaling groups of Amazon EC2 instances. All workloads that operate in this Region must keep system logs and application logs for 7 years. A security engineer must implement a solution to ensure that no logging data is lost for each instance during scaling activities. The solution also must keep the logs for only the required period of 7 years. Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
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A company is operating a website using Amazon CloudFornt. CloudFront servers some content from Amazon S3 and other from web servers running EC2 instances behind an Application. Load Balancer (ALB). Amazon DynamoDB is used as the data store. The company already uses IAM Certificate Manager (ACM) to store a public TLS certificate that can optionally secure connections between the website users and CloudFront. The company has a new requirement to enforce end-to-end encryption in transit. Which combination of steps should the company take to meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)
A Development team has built an experimental environment to test a simple stale web application It has built an isolated VPC with a private and a public subnet. The public subnet holds only an Application Load Balancer a NAT gateway, and an internet gateway. The private subnet holds ail of the Amazon EC2 instances There are 3 different types of servers Each server type has its own Security Group that limits access lo only required connectivity. The Security Groups nave both inbound and outbound rules applied Each subnet has both inbound and outbound network ACls applied to limit access to only required connectivity Which of the following should the team check if a server cannot establish an outbound connection to the internet? (Select THREE.)
A company is deploying an Amazon EC2-based application. The application will include a custom health-checking component that produces health status data in JSON format. A Security Engineer must implement a secure solution to monitor application availability in near-real time by analyzing the hearth status data. Which approach should the Security Engineer use?

Question 286 - SCS-C02 discussion

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A company has a group of Amazon EC2 instances in a single private subnet of a VPC with no internet gateway attached. A security engineer has installed the Amazon CloudWatch agent on all instances in that subnet to capture logs from a specific application. To ensure that the logs flow securely, the company's networking team has created VPC endpoints for CloudWatch monitoring and CloudWatch logs. The networking team has attached the endpoints to the VPC.

The application is generating logs. However, when the security engineer queries CloudWatch, the logs do not appear.

Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to troubleshoot this issue? (Choose three.)

A.
Ensure that the EC2 instance profile that is attached to the EC2 instances has permissions to create log streams and write logs.
Answers
A.
Ensure that the EC2 instance profile that is attached to the EC2 instances has permissions to create log streams and write logs.
B.
Create a metric filter on the logs so that they can be viewed in the AWS Management Console.
Answers
B.
Create a metric filter on the logs so that they can be viewed in the AWS Management Console.
C.
Check the CloudWatch agent configuration file on each EC2 instance to make sure that the CloudWatch agent is collecting the proper log files.
Answers
C.
Check the CloudWatch agent configuration file on each EC2 instance to make sure that the CloudWatch agent is collecting the proper log files.
D.
Check the VPC endpoint policies of both VPC endpoints to ensure that the EC2 instances have permissions to use them.
Answers
D.
Check the VPC endpoint policies of both VPC endpoints to ensure that the EC2 instances have permissions to use them.
E.
Create a NAT gateway in the subnet so that the EC2 instances can communicate with CloudWatch.
Answers
E.
Create a NAT gateway in the subnet so that the EC2 instances can communicate with CloudWatch.
F.
Ensure that the security groups allow all the EC2 instances to communicate with each other to aggregate logs before sending.
Answers
F.
Ensure that the security groups allow all the EC2 instances to communicate with each other to aggregate logs before sending.
Suggested answer: A, C, D

Explanation:

The possible steps to troubleshoot this issue are:

A) Ensure that the EC2 instance profile that is attached to the EC2 instances has permissions to create log streams and write logs. This is a necessary step because the CloudWatch agent uses the credentials from the instance profile to communicate with CloudWatch1.

C) Check the CloudWatch agent configuration file on each EC2 instance to make sure that the CloudWatch agent is collecting the proper log files. This is a necessary step because the CloudWatch agent needs to know which log files to monitor and send to CloudWatch2.

D) Check the VPC endpoint policies of both VPC endpoints to ensure that the EC2 instances have permissions to use them. This is a necessary step because the VPC endpoint policies control which principals can access the AWS services through the endpoints3.

The other options are incorrect because:

B) Creating a metric filter on the logs is not a troubleshooting step, but a way to extract metric data from the logs. Metric filters do not affect the visibility of the logs in the AWS Management Console.

E) Creating a NAT gateway in the subnet is not a solution, because the EC2 instances do not need internet access to communicate with CloudWatch through the VPC endpoints. A NAT gateway would also incur additional costs.

F) Ensuring that the security groups allow all the EC2 instances to communicate with each other is not a necessary step, because the CloudWatch agent does not require log aggregation before sending. Each EC2 instance can send its own logs independently to CloudWatch.

1: IAM Roles for Amazon EC2 2: CloudWatch Agent Configuration File: Logs Section 3: Using Amazon VPC Endpoints : Metric Filters : NAT Gateways : CloudWatch Agent

Reference: Log Aggregation

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asked 16/09/2024
Matias Cordero Ochoa
35 questions
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