Quiz IT certification exam

Question 1

Which of the following commands accepts binary data as parameters?

Accepted Answer

--user-data

Answer

–cipher text-key

Answer

--aws-customer-key

Answer

--describe-instances-user

Question 2

A company runs a video processing platform. Files are uploaded by users who connect to a web server, which stores them on an Amazon EFS share. This web server is running on a single Amazon EC2 instance. A different group of instances, running in an Auto Scaling group, scans the EFS share directory structure for new files to process and generates new videos (thumbnails, different resolution, compression, etc.) according to the instructions file, which is uploaded along with the video files. A different application running on a group of instances managed by an Auto Scaling group processes the video files and then deletes them from the EFS share. The results are stored in an S3 bucket. Links to the processed video files are emailed to the customer.The company has recently discovered that as they add more instances to the Auto Scaling Group, many files are processed twice, so image processing speed is not improved. The maximum size of these video files is 2GB. What should the Solutions Architect do to improve reliability and reduce the redundant processing of video files?

Accepted Answer

Set up a cron job on the web server instance to synchronize the contents of the EFS share into Amazon S3. Trigger an AWS Lambda function every time a file is uploaded to process the video file and store the results in Amazon S3. Using Amazon CloudWatch Events, trigger an Amazon SES job to send an email to the customer containing the link to the processed file.

Answer

Modify the web application to upload the video files directly to Amazon S3. Use Amazon CloudWatch Events to trigger an AWS Lambda function every time a file is uploaded, and have this Lambda function put a message into an Amazon SQS queue. Modify the video processing application to read from SQS queue for new files and use the queue depth metric to scale instances in the video processing Auto Scaling group.

Answer

Rewrite the web application to run directly from Amazon S3 and use Amazon API Gateway to upload the video files to an S3 bucket. Use an S3 trigger to run an AWS Lambda function each time a file is uploaded to process and store new video files in a different bucket. Using CloudWatch Events, trigger an SES job to send an email to the customer containing the link to the processed file.

Answer

Rewrite the web application to run from Amazon S3 and upload the video files to an S3 bucket. Each time a new file is uploaded, trigger an AWS Lambda function to put a message in an SQS queue containing the link and the instructions. Modify the video processing application to read from the SQS queue and the S3 bucket. Use the queue depth metric to adjust the size of the Auto Scaling group for video processing instances.

Question 3

A company is running a commercial Apache Hadoop cluster on Amazon EC2. This cluster is being used daily to query large files on Amazon S3. The data on Amazon S3 has been curated and does not require any additional transformations steps.The company is using a commercial business intelligence (BI) tool on Amazon EC2 to run queries against the Hadoop cluster and visualize the data. The company wants to reduce or eliminate the overhead costs associated with managing the Hadoop cluster and the BI tool. The company would like to move to a more cost-effective solution with minimal effort. The visualization is simple and requires performing some basic aggregation steps only. Which option will meet the company’s requirements?

Accepted Answer

Develop a script that uses Amazon Athena to query and analyze the files on Amazon S3. Then use Amazon QuickSight to connect to Athena and perform the visualization.

Answer

Launch a transient Amazon EMR cluster daily and develop an Apache Hive script to analyze the files on Amazon S3. Shut down the Amazon EMR cluster when the job is complete. Then use Amazon QuickSight to connect to Amazon EMR and perform the visualization.

Answer

Develop a stored procedure invoked from a MySQL database running on Amazon EC2 to analyze the files in Amazon S3. Then use a fast in-memory BI tool running on Amazon EC2 to visualize the data.

Answer

Use a commercial extract, transform, load (ETL) tool that runs on Amazon EC2 to prepare the data for processing. Then switch to a faster and cheaper BI tool that runs on Amazon EC2 to visualize the data from Amazon S3.

Question 4

You currently operate a web application. In the AWS US-East region. The application runs on an auto-scaled layer of EC2 instances and an RDS Multi-AZ database. Your IT security compliance officer has tasked you to develop a reliable and durable logging solution to track changes made to your EC2.IAM And RDS resources. The solution must ensure the integrity and confidentiality of your log data. Which of these solutions would you recommend?

Accepted Answer

Create a new CloudTrail trail with one new S3 bucket to store the logs and with the global services option selected. Use IAM roles S3 bucket policies and Multi Factor Authentication (MFA) Delete on the S3 bucket that stores your logs.

Answer

Create a new CloudTrail with one new S3 bucket to store the logs Configure SNS to send log file delivery notifications to your management system. Use IAM roles and S3 bucket policies on the S3 bucket mat stores your logs.

Answer

Create a new CloudTrail trail with an existing S3 bucket to store the logs and with the global services option selected. Use S3 ACLs and Multi Factor Authentication (MFA). Delete on the S3 bucket that stores your logs.

Answer

Create three new CloudTrail trails with three new S3 buckets to store the logs one for the AWS Management console, one for AWS SDKs and one for command line tools. Use IAM roles and S3 bucket policies on the S3 buckets that store your logs.

Question 5

How does in-memory caching improve the performance of applications in ElastiCache?

Accepted Answer

It improves application performance by storing critical pieces of data in memory for low-latency access.

Answer

It improves application performance by deleting the requests that do not contain frequently accessed data.

Answer

It improves application performance by implementing good database indexing strategies.

Answer

It improves application performance by using a part of instance RAM for caching important data.

Question 6

You want to mount an Amazon EFS file system on an Amazon EC2 instance using DNS names. Which of the following generic form of a mount target's DNS name must you use to mount the file system?

Accepted Answer

availability-zone.file-system-id.efs.aws-region.amazonaws.com

Answer

efs-system-id.availability-zone.file-aws-region.amazonaws.com

Answer

$file-system-id.$availability-zone.$efs.aws-region.$amazonaws.com

Answer

#aws-region.#availability-zone.#file-system-id.#efs.#amazonaws.com

Question 7

You want to use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to Amazon EC2 instances running within an Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). What criterion must be met for this to be possible?

Accepted Answer

The AWS CodeDeploy agent installed on the Amazon EC2 instances must be able to access the public AWS CodeDeploy and Amazon S3 service endpoints.

Answer

The AWS CodeDeploy agent installed on the Amazon EC2 instances must be able to access only the public AWS CodeDeploy endpoint.

Answer

The AWS CodeDeploy agent installed on the Amazon EC2 instances must be able to access only the public Amazon S3 service endpoint.

Answer

It is not currently possible to use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy an application to Amazon EC2 instances running within an Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC.)

Question 8

An AWS customer runs a public blogging website. The site users upload two million blog entries a month. The average blog entry size is 200 KB. The access rate to blog entries drops to negligible 6 months after publication and users rarely access a blog entry 1 year after publication. Additionally, blog entries have a high update rate during the first 3 months following publication, this drops to no updates after 6 months. The customer wants to use CloudFront to improve his user's load times.Which of the following recommendations would you make to the customer?

Accepted Answer

Create a CloudFront distribution with S3 access restricted only to the CloudFront identity and partition the blog entry's location in S3 according to the month it was uploaded to be used with CloudFront behaviors.

Answer

Duplicate entries into two different buckets and create two separate CloudFront distributions where S3 access is restricted only to Cloud Front identity

Answer

Create a CloudFront distribution with “US Europe” price class for US/Europe users and a different CloudFront distribution with “All Edge Locations” for the remaining users.

Answer

Create a CloudFront distribution with Restrict Viewer Access Forward Query string set to true and minimum TTL of 0.

Question 9

A company is running multiple workloads in the AWS Cloud. The company has separate units for software development. The company uses AWS Organizations and federation with SAML to give permissions to developers to manage resources in their AWS accounts. The development units each deploy their production workloads into a common production account. Recently, an incident occurred in the production account in which members of a development unit terminated an EC2 instance that belonged to a different development unit. A solutions architect must create a solution that prevents a similar incident from happening in the future. The solution also must allow developers the possibility to manage the instances used for their workloads. Which strategy will meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Pass an attribute for DevelopmentUnit as an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) session tag during SAML federation. Update the IAM policy for the developers’ assumed IAM role with a deny action and a StringNotEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag and aws:PrincipalTag/DevelopmentUnit.

Answer

Create separate OUs in AWS Organizations for each development unit. Assign the created OUs to the company AWS accounts. Create separate SCPs with a deny action and a StringNotEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag that matches the development unit name. Assign the SCP to the corresponding OU.

Answer

Pass an attribute for DevelopmentUnit as an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) session tag during SAML federation. Create an SCP with an allow action and a StringEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag and aws:PrincipalTag/DevelopmentUnit. Assign the SCP to the root OU.

Answer

Create separate IAM policies for each development unit. For every IAM policy, add an allow action and a StringEquals condition for the DevelopmentUnit resource tag and the development unit name. During SAML federation, use AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) to assign the IAM policy and match the development unit name to the assumed IAM role.

Question 10

Your company runs a customer facing event registration site This site is built with a 3-tier architecture with web and application tier servers and a MySQL database The application requires 6 web tier servers and 6 application tier servers for normal operation, but can run on a minimum of 65% server capacity and a single MySQL database.When deploying this application in a region with three availability zones (AZs) which architecture provides high availability?

Accepted Answer

A web tier deployed across 3 AZs with 2 EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) instances in each AZ Inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB (elastic load balancer). And an application tier deployed across 3 AZs with 2 EC2 instances in each AZ inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB and a Multi-AZ RDS (Relational Database services) deployment.

Answer

A web tier deployed across 2 AZs with 3 EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) instances in each AZ inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB (elastic load balancer), and an application tier deployed across 2 AZs with 3 EC2 instances in each AZ inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB and one RDS (Relational Database Service) instance deployed with read replicas in the other AZ.

Answer

A web tier deployed across 3 AZs with 2 EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) instances in each AZ inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB (elastic load balancer) and an application tier deployed across 3 AZs with 2 EC2 instances in each AZ inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB and one RDS (Relational Database Service) Instance deployed with read replicas in the two other AZs.

Answer

A web tier deployed across 2 AZs with 3 EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) instances in each AZ inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELB (elastic load balancer) and an application tier deployed across 2 AZs with 3 EC2 instances m each AZ inside an Auto Scaling Group behind an ELS and a Multi-AZ RDS (Relational Database Service) deployment.

Question 11

In the context of AWS IAM, identify a true statement about user passwords (login profiles).

Accepted Answer

They can contain any Basic Latin (ASCII) characters.

Answer

They must contain Unicode characters.

Answer

They must begin and end with a forward slash (/).

Answer

They cannot contain Basic Latin (ASCII) characters.

Question 12

A company manages hundreds of AWS accounts centrally in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company recently started to allow product teams to create and manage their own S3 access points in their accounts. The S3 access points can be accessed only within VPCs, not on the Internet.What is the MOST operationally efficient way to enforce this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Set the S3 bucket policy to deny the s3:CreateAccessPoint action unless the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to VPC.

Answer

Set the S3 access point resource policy to deny the s3:CreateAccessPoint action unless the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to VPC.

Answer

Create an SCP at the root level in the organization to deny the s3:CreateAccessPoint action unless the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to VPC.

Answer

Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to create a new IAM policy in each AWS account that allows the s3:CreateAccessPoint action only if the s3:AccessPointNetworkOrigin condition key evaluates to VPC.

Question 13

A software company has deployed an application that consumes a REST API by using Amazon API Gateway, AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon DynamoDB table. The application is showing an increase in the number of errors during PUT requests. Most of the PUT calls come from a small number of clients that are authenticated with specific API keys. A solutions architect has identified that a large number of the PUT requests originate from one client. The API is noncritical, and clients can tolerate retries of unsuccessful calls. However, the errors are displayed to customers and are causing damage to the API’s reputation.What should the solutions architect recommend to improve the customer experience?

Accepted Answer

Turn on API caching to enhance responsiveness for the production stage. Run 10-minute load tests. Verify that the cache capacity is appropriate for the workload.

Answer

Implement retry logic with exponential backoff and irregular variation in the client application. Ensure that the errors are caught and handled with descriptive error messages.

Answer

Implement API throttling through a usage plan at the API Gateway level. Ensure that the client application handles code 429 replies without error.

Answer

Implement reserved concurrency at the Lambda function level to provide the resources that are needed during sudden increases in traffic.

Question 14

In which step of "start using AWS Direct Connect" steps is the virtual interface you created tagged with a customer-provided tag that complies with the Ethernet 802.1Q standard?

Accepted Answer

Create a Virtual Interface.

Answer

Download Router Configuration.

Answer

Complete the Cross Connect.

Answer

Configure Redundant Connections with AWS Direct Connect.

Question 15

A company has a data lake in Amazon S3 that needs to be accessed by hundreds of applications across many AWS accounts. The company’s information security policy states that the S3 bucket must not be accessed over the public internet and that each application should have the minimum permissions necessary to function.To meet these requirements, a solutions architect plans to use an S3 access point that is restricted to specific VPCs for each application. Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to implement this solution? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Create an S3 access point for each application in the AWS account that owns the S3 bucket. Configure each access point to be accessible only from the application’s VPC. Update the bucket policy to require access from an access point

Accepted Answer

Create a gateway endpoint for Amazon S3 in each application’s VPConfigure the endpoint policy to allow access to an S3 access point. Specify the route table that is used to access the access point.

Answer

Create an interface endpoint for Amazon S3 in each application’s VPC. Configure the endpoint policy to allow access to an S3 access point. Create a VPC gateway attachment for the S3 endpoint

Answer

Create an S3 access point for each application in each AWS account and attach the access points to the S3 bucket. Configure each access point to be accessible only from the application’s VPC. Update the bucket policy to require access from an access point.

Answer

Create a gateway endpoint for Amazon S3 in the data lake’s VPC. Attach an endpoint policy to allow access to the S3 bucket. Specify the route table that is used to access the bucket

Question 16

What is the network performance offered by the c4.8xlarge instance in Amazon EC2?

Accepted Answer

10 Gigabit

Answer

Very High but variable

Answer

20 Gigabit

Answer

5 Gigabit

Question 17

What is the default maximum number of VPCs allowed per region?

Accepted Answer

5

Answer

10

Answer

100

Answer

15

Question 18

A company is using AWS for production and development workloads. Each business unit has its own AWS account for production, and a separate AWS account to develop and deploy its applications. The Information Security department has introduced new security policies that limit access for terminating certain Amazon EC2 instances in all accounts to a small group of individuals from the Security team. How can the Solutions Architect meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Create an organizational unit under AWS Organizations. Move all the accounts into this organizational unit and use SCP to apply a whitelist policy to allow access to these EC2 instances for the Security team only.

Answer

Create a new IAM policy that allows access to those EC2 instances only for the Security team. Apply this policy to the AWS Organizations master account.

Answer

Create a new tag-based IAM policy that allows access to these EC2 instances only for the Security team. Tag the instances appropriately, and apply this policy in each account.

Answer

Set up SAML federation for all accounts in AWS. Configure SAML so that it checks for the service API call before authenticating the user. Block SAML from authenticating API calls if anyone other than the Security team accesses these instances.

Question 19

A Solutions Architect is designing a multi-account structure that has 10 existing accounts. The design must meet the following requirements:Consolidate all accounts into one organization.Allow full access to the Amazon EC2 service from the master account and the secondary accounts. Minimize the effort required to add additional secondary accounts. Which combination of steps should be included in the solution? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Create an organization from the master account. Send invitations to the secondary accounts from the master account. Accept the invitations and create an OU.

Accepted Answer

Create a service control policy (SCP) that enables full EC2 access, and attach the policy to the OU.

Answer

Create an organization from the master account. Send a join request to the master account from each secondary account. Accept the requests and create an OU.

Answer

Create a VPC peering connection between the master account and the secondary accounts. Accept the request for the VPC peering connection.

Answer

Create a full EC2 access policy and map the policy to a role in each account. Trust every other account to assume the role.

Question 20

A user has created a VPC with CIDR 20.0.0.0/16 using the wizard. The user has created a public subnet CIDR (20.0.0.0/24) and VPN only subnets CIDR (20.0.1.0/24) along with the VPN gateway (vgw123456) to connect to the user's data center.The user's data center has CIDR 172.28.0.0/12. The user has also setup a NAT instance (i-123456) to allow traffic to the internet from the VPN subnet. Which of the below mentioned options is not a valid entry for the main route table in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Destination: 20.0.1.0/24 and Target: i-123456

Answer

Destination: 20.0.0.0/16 and Target: local

Answer

Destination: 0.0.0.0/0 and Target: i-123456

Answer

Destination: 172.28.0.0/12 and Target: vgw-123456

Question 21

You are looking to migrate your Development (Dev) and Test environments to AWS. You have decided to use separate AWS accounts to host each environment. You plan to link each accounts bill to a Master AWS account using Consolidated Billing.To make sure you keep within budget you would like to implement a way for administrators in the Master account to have access to stop, delete and/or terminate resources in both the Dev and Test accounts. Identify which option will allow you to achieve this goal.

Accepted Answer

Create IAM users in the Master account. Create cross-account roles in the Dev and Test accounts that have full Admin permissions and grant the Master account access.

Answer

Create IAM users in the Master account with full Admin permissions. Create cross-account roles in the Dev and Test accounts that grant the Master account access to the resources in the account by inheriting permissions from the Master account.

Answer

Create IAM users and a cross-account role in the Master account that grants full Admin permissions to the Dev and Test accounts.

Answer

Link the accounts using Consolidated Billing. This will give IAM users in the Master account access to resources in the Dev and Test accounts

Question 22

A company ingests and processes streaming market data. The data rate is constant. A nightly process that calculates aggregate statistics is run, and each execution takes about 4 hours to complete. The statistical analysis is not mission critical to the business, and previous data points are picked up on the next execution if a particular run fails. The current architecture uses a pool of Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances with 1-year reservations running full time to ingest and store the streaming data in attached Amazon EBS volumes. On-Demand EC2 instances are launched each night to perform the nightly processing, accessing the stored data from NFS shares on the ingestion servers, and terminating the nightly processing servers when complete. The Reserved Instance reservations are expiring, and the company needs to determine whether to purchase new reservations or implement a new design.Which is the most cost-effective design?

Accepted Answer

Update the ingestion process to use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to save data to Amazon Redshift. Use an AWS Lambda function scheduled to run nightly with Amazon CloudWatch Events to query Amazon Redshift to generate the daily statistics.

Answer

Update the ingestion process to use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to save data to Amazon S3. Use a fleet of On- Demand EC2 instances that launches each night to perform the batch processing of the S3 data and terminates when the processing completes.

Answer

Update the ingestion process to use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehouse to save data to Amazon S3. Use AWS Batch to perform nightly processing with a Spot market bid of 50% of the On-Demand price.

Answer

Update the ingestion process to use a fleet of EC2 Reserved Instances behind a Network Load Balancer with 3-year leases. Use Batch with Spot instances with a maximum bid of 50% of the OnDemand price for the nightly processing.

Question 23

In the context of Amazon ElastiCache CLI, which of the following commands can you use to view all ElastiCache instance events for the past 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

elasticache describe-events --source-type cache-cluster --duration 1440

Answer

elasticache-events --duration 24

Answer

elasticache-events --duration 1440

Answer

elasticache-describe-events --duration 24

Question 24

A company is migrating its on-premises systems to AWS. The user environment consists of the following systems:Windows and Linux virtual machines running on VMware. Physical servers running Red Hat Enterprise Linux. The company wants to be able to perform the following steps before migrating to AWS:Identify dependencies between on-premises systems.Group systems together into applications to build migration plans.Review performance data using Amazon Athena to ensure that Amazon EC2 instances are right-sized.How can these requirements be met?

Accepted Answer

Install the AWS Application Discovery Service Discovery Connector on each of the on-premises systems and in VMware vCenter. Allow the Discovery Connector to collect data for one week.

Answer

Populate the AWS Application Discovery Service import template with information from an on-premises configuration management database (CMDB). Upload the completed import template to Amazon S3, then import the data into Application Discovery Service.

Answer

Install the AWS Application Discovery Service Discovery Agent on each of the on-premises systems. Allow the Discovery Agent to collect data for a period of time.

Answer

Install the AWS Application Discovery Service Discovery Agent on the physical on-premises servers. Install the AWS Application Discovery Service Discovery Connector in VMware vCenter. Allow the Discovery Agent to collect data for a period of time.

Question 25

If no explicit deny is found while applying IAM's Policy Evaluation Logic, the enforcement code looks for any ______ instructions that would apply to the request.

Accepted Answer

"allow”

Answer

"cancel"

Answer

"suspend"

Answer

"valid"

Question 26

Your company has HQ in Tokyo and branch offices all over the world and is using a logistics software with a multi-regional deployment on AWS in Japan, Europe and USA. The logistic software has a 3-tier architecture and currently uses MySQL 5.6 for data persistence. Each region has deployed its own database.In the HQ region you run an hourly batch process reading data from every region to compute cross-regional reports that are sent by email to all offices this batch process must be completed as fast as possible to quickly optimize logistics. How do you build the database architecture in order to meet the requirements?

Accepted Answer

For each regional deployment, use RDS MySQL with a master in the region and a read replica in the HQ region

Answer

For each regional deployment, use MySQL on EC2 with a master in the region and send hourly EBS snapshots to the HQ region

Answer

For each regional deployment, use RDS MySQL with a master in the region and send hourly RDS snapshots to the HQ region

Answer

For each regional deployment, use MySQL on EC2 with a master in the region and use S3 to copy data files hourly to the HQ region

Answer

Use Direct Connect to connect all regional MySQL deployments to the HQ region and reduce network latency for the batch process

Question 27

Mike is appointed as Cloud Consultant in ABC.com. ABC has the following VPCs set- up in the US East Region:A VPC with CIDR block 10.10.0.0/16, a subnet in that VPC with CIDR block 10.10.1.0/24 A VPC with CIDR block 10.40.0.0/16, a subnet in that VPC with CIDR block 10.40.1.0/24 ABC.com is trying to establish network connection between two subnets, a subnet with CIDR block 10.10.1.0/24 and another subnet with CIDR block 10.40.1.0/24.Which one of the following solutions should Mike recommend to ABC.com?

Accepted Answer

Create a VPC Peering connection between both VPCs.

Answer

Create 2 Virtual Private Gateways and configure one with each VPC.

Answer

Create 2 Internet Gateways, and attach one to each VPC.

Answer

Create one EC2 instance in each subnet, assign Elastic IPs to both instances, and configure a set up Site-to-Site VPN connection between both EC2 instances.

Question 28

A company wants to host its website on AWS using serverless architecture design patterns for global customers. The company has outlined its requirements as follow:The website should be responsive.The website should offer minimal latency.The website should be highly available.Users should be able to authenticate through social identity providers such as Google, Facebook, and Amazon. There should be baseline DDoS protections for spikes in traffic. How can the design requirements be met?

Accepted Answer

Use Amazon CloudFront with Amazon S3 for hosting static web resources. Use Amazon Cognito to provide user management and authentication functions. Use Amazon API Gateway with AWS Lambda to build an API.

Answer

Use Amazon CloudFront with Amazon ECS for hosting the website. Use AWS Secrets Manager to provide user management and authentication functions. Use ECS Docker containers to build an API.

Answer

Use Amazon Route 53 latency routing with an Application Load Balancer and AWS Fargate in different regions for hosting the website. Use Amazon Cognito to provide user management and authentication functions. Use Amazon EKS containers to build an API.

Answer

Use AWS Direct Connect with Amazon CloudFront and Amazon S3 for hosting static web resources. Use Amazon Cognito to provide user management authentication functions. Use AWS Lambda to build an API.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using AWS Direct Connect?

Accepted Answer

AWS Direct Connect provides users access to public and private resources by using two different connections while maintaining network separation between the public and private environments.

Answer

AWS Direct Connect provides a more consistent network experience than Internet-based connections.

Answer

AWS Direct Connect makes it easy to establish a dedicated network connection from your premises to AWS.

Answer

AWS Direct Connect reduces your network costs.

Question 30

A company is running an application in the AWS Cloud. The application consists of microservices that run on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in multiple Availability Zones behind an Application Load Balancer. The company recently added a new REST API that was implemented in Amazon API Gateway. Some of the older microservices that run on EC2 instances need to call this new API. The company does not want the API to be accessible from the public internet and does not want proprietary data to traverse the public internet. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Create an interface VPC endpoint for API Gateway, and set an endpoint policy to only allow access to the specific API. Add a resource policy to API Gateway to only allow access from the VPC endpoint. Change the API Gateway endpoint type to private.

Answer

Create an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between the VPC and the API Gateway. Use API Gateway to generate a unique API key for each microservice. Configure the API methods to require the key.

Answer

Modify the API Gateway to use IAM authentication Update the IAM policy for the IAM role that is assigned to the EC2 instances to allow access to the API Gateway Move the API Gateway into a new VPDeploy a transit gateway and connect the VPCs.

Answer

Create an accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator, and connect the accelerator to the API Gateway. Update the route table for all VPC subnets with a route to the created Global Accelerator endpoint IP address. Add an API key for each service to use for authentication.

Question 31

A company needs to create a centralized logging architecture for all of its AWS accounts. The architecture should provide near-real-time data analysis for all AWS CloudTrail logs and VPC Flow Logs across all AWS accounts. The company plans to use Amazon Elasticsearch Service (Amazon ES) to perform log analysis in the logging account. Which strategy a solutions architect use to meet these requirements?

Accepted Answer

Configure CloudTrail and VPC Flow Logs in each AWS account to send data to a centralized Amazon S3 bucket in the logging account. Create and AWS Lambda function to load data from the S3 bucket to Amazon ES in the logging account.

Answer

Configure CloudTrail and VPC Flow Logs to send data to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch account. Configure a CloudWatch subscription filter in each AWS account to send data to Amazon Kinesis Data Firehouse in the logging account.Load data from Kinesis Data Firehouse into Amazon ES in the logging account.

Answer

Configure CloudTrail and VPC Flow Logs to send data to a separate Amazon S3 bucket in each AWS account. Create an AWS Lambda function triggered by S3 events to copy the data to a centralized logging bucket. Create another Lambda function to load data from the S3 bucket to Amazon ES in the logging account.

Answer

Configure CloudTrail and VPC Flow Logs to send data to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs in each AWS account. Create AWS Lambda functions in each AWS accounts to subscribe to the log groups and stream the data to an Amazon S3 bucket in the logging account. Create another Lambda function to load data from the S3 bucket to Amazon ES in the logging account.

Question 32

Which of the following rules must be added to a mount target security group to access Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) from an on-premises server?

Accepted Answer

Allow inbound traffic to the Network File System (NFS) port (2049) from the on-premises server.

Answer

Configure an NFS proxy between Amazon EFS and the on-premises server to route traffic.

Answer

Set up a Point-To-Point Tunneling Protocol Server (PPTP) to allow secure connection.

Answer

Permit secure traffic to the Kerberos port 88 from the on-premises server.

Question 33

An organization is planning to host a Wordpress blog as well a joomla CMS on a single instance launched with VPC. The organization wants to have separate domains for each application and assign them using Route 53. The organization may have about ten instances each with two applications as mentioned above. While launching the instance, the organization configured two separate network interfaces (primary + ENI) and wanted to have two elastic IPs for that instance. It was suggested to use a public IP from AWS instead of an elastic IP as the number of elastic IPs is restricted. What action will you recommend to the organization?

Accepted Answer

I do not agree as it is required to have only an elastic IP since an instance has more than one ENI and AWS does not assign a public IP to an instance with multiple ENIs.

Answer

I agree with the suggestion but will prefer that the organization should use separate subnets with each ENI for different public IPs.

Answer

I do not agree as AWS VPC does not attach a public IP to an ENI; so the user has to use only an elastic IP only.

Answer

I agree with the suggestion and it is recommended to use a public IP from AWS since the organization is going to use DNS with Route 53.

Question 34

A company plans to move regulated and security-sensitive businesses to AWS. The Security team is developing a framework to validate the adoption of AWS best practices and industry-recognized compliance standards. The AWS Management Console is the preferred method for teams to provision resources.Which strategies should a Solutions Architect use to meet the business requirements and continuously assess, audit, and monitor the configurations of AWS resources? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Use AWS Config rules to periodically audit changes to AWS resources and monitor the compliance of the configuration. Develop AWS Config custom rules using AWS Lambda to establish a test-driven development approach, and further automate the evaluation of configuration changes against the required controls.

Accepted Answer

Use AWS CloudTrail events to assess management activities of all AWS accounts. Ensure that CloudTrail is enabled in all accounts and available AWS services. Enable trails, encrypt CloudTrail event log files with an AWS KMS key, and monitor recorded activities with CloudWatch Logs.

Answer

Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent to collect all the AWS SDK logs. Search the log data using a pre-defined set of filter patterns that matches mutating API calls. Send notifications using Amazon CloudWatch alarms when unintended changes are performed. Archive log data by using a batch export to Amazon S3 and then Amazon Glacier for a long-term retention and auditability.

Answer

Use the Amazon CloudWatch Events near-real-time capabilities to monitor system events patterns, and trigger AWS Lambda functions to automatically revert non-authorized changes in AWS resources. Also, target Amazon SNS topics to enable notifications and improve the response time of incident responses.

Answer

Use CloudTrail integration with Amazon SNS to automatically notify unauthorized API activities. Ensure that CloudTrail is enabled in all accounts and available AWS services. Evaluate the usage of Lambda functions to automatically revert nonauthorized changes in AWS resources.

Question 35

In Amazon CloudWatch, you can publish your own metrics with the put-metric-data command. When you create a new metric using the put-metric-data command, it can take up to two minutes before you can retrieve statistics on the new metric using the get-metric-statistics command.How long does it take before the new metric appears in the list of metrics retrieved using the list- metrics command?

Accepted Answer

Up to 15 minutes

Answer

After 2 minutes

Answer

More than an hour

Answer

Within a minute

Question 36

A company manages multiple AWS accounts by using AWS Organizations. Under the root OU, the company has two OUs:Research and DataOps.Because of regulatory requirements, all resources that the company deploys in the organization must reside in the apnortheast- 1 Region. Additionally, EC2 instances that the company deploys in the DataOps OU must use a predefined list of instance types.A solutions architect must implement a solution that applies these restrictions. The solution must maximize operational efficiency and must minimize ongoing maintenance. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Create an IAM user in all accounts under the root OU. Use the aws:RequestedRegion condition key in an inline policy on each user to restrict access to all AWS Regions except ap-northeast-1.

Accepted Answer

Create an SCP. Use the aws:RequestedRegion condition key to restrict access to all AWS Regions except ap-northeast- 1. Apply the SCP to the root OU.

Answer

Create an IAM role in one account under the DataOps OU. Use the ec2:InstanceType condition key in an inline policy on the role to restrict access to specific instance type.

Answer

Create an SCP. Use the ec2:Region condition key to restrict access to all AWS Regions except ap-northeast-1. Apply the SCP to the root OU, the DataOps OU, and the Research OU.

Answer

Create an SCP. Use the ec2:InstanceType condition key to restrict access to specific instance types. Apply the SCP to the DataOps OU.

Question 37

In an AWS CloudFormation template, each resource declaration includes:

Accepted Answer

a logical ID, a resource type, and resource properties

Answer

a variable resource name and resource attributes

Answer

an IP address and resource entities

Answer

a physical ID, a resource file, and resource data

Question 38

A Solutions Architect must create a cost-effective backup solution for a company’s 500MB source code repository of proprietary and sensitive applications. The repository runs on Linux and backs up daily to tape. Tape backups are stored for 1 year.The current solution is not meeting the company’s needs because it is a manual process that is prone to error, expensive to maintain, and does not meet the need for a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 1 hour or Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 2 hours. The new disaster recovery requirement is for backups to be stored offsite and to be able to restore a single file if needed. Which solution meets the customer’s needs for RTO, RPO, and disaster recovery with the LEAST effort and expense?

Accepted Answer

Configure the local source code repository to synchronize files to an AWS Storage Gateway file Amazon gateway to store backup copies in an Amazon S3 Standard bucket. Enable versioning on the Amazon S3 bucket. Create Amazon S3 lifecycle policies to automatically migrate old versions of objects to Amazon S3 Standard - Infrequent Access, then Amazon Glacier, then delete backups after 1 year.

Answer

Replace local tapes with an AWS Storage Gateway virtual tape library to integrate with current backup software. Run backups nightly and store the virtual tapes on Amazon S3 standard storage in USEAST-1. Use cross-region replication to create a second copy in US-WEST-2. Use Amazon S3 lifecycle policies to perform automatic migration to Amazon Glacier and deletion of expired backups after 1 year.

Answer

Replace the local source code repository storage with a Storage Gateway stored volume. Change the default snapshot frequency to 1 hour. Use Amazon S3 lifecycle policies to archive snapshots to Amazon Glacier and remove old snapshots after 1 year. Use cross-region replication to create a copy of the snapshots in US-WEST-2.

Answer

Replace the local source code repository storage with a Storage Gateway cached volume. Create a snapshot schedule to take hourly snapshots. Use an Amazon CloudWatch Events schedule expression rule to run an hourly AWS Lambda task to copy snapshots from US-EAST -1 to US-WEST-2.

Question 39

A company is implementing a multi-account strategy; however, the Management team has expressed concerns that services like DNS may become overly complex. The company needs a solution that allows private DNS to be shared among virtual private clouds (VPCs) in different accounts. The company will have approximately 50 accounts in total. What solution would create the LEAST complex DNS architecture and ensure that each VPC can resolve all AWS resources?

Accepted Answer

Create a shared services VPC in a central account, and create a VPC peering connection from the shared services VPC to each of the VPCs in the other accounts. Within Amazon Route 53, create a privately hosted zone in the shared services VPC and resource record sets for the domain and subdomains. Programmatically associate other VPCs with the hosted zone.

Answer

Create a VPC peering connection among the VPCs in all accounts. Set the VPC attributes enableDnsHostnames and enableDnsSupport to “true” for each VPC. Create an Amazon Route 53 private zone for each VPC. Create resource record sets for the domain and subdomains. Programmatically associate the hosted zones in each VPC with the other VPCs.

Answer

Create a shared services VPC in a central account. Create a VPC peering connection from the VPCs in other accounts to the shared services VPCreate an Amazon Route 53 privately hosted zone in the shared services VPC with resource record sets for the domain and subdomains. Allow UDP and TCP port 53 over the VPC peering connections.

Answer

Set the VPC attributes enableDnsHostnames and enableDnsSupport to “false” in every VPC. Create an AWS Direct Connect connection with a private virtual interface. Allow UDP and TCP port 53 over the virtual interface. Use the onpremises DNS servers to resolve the IP addresses in each VPC on AWS.

Question 40

A company is building an electronic document management system in which users upload their documents. The application stack is entirely serverless and runs on AWS in the eu-central-1 Region. The system includes a web application that uses an Amazon CloudFront distribution for delivery with Amazon S3 as the origin. The web application communicates with Amazon API Gateway Regional endpoints. The API Gateway APIs call AWS Lambda functions that store metadata in an Amazon Aurora Serverless database and put the documents into an S3 bucket.The company is growing steadily and has completed a proof of concept with its largest customer. The company must improve latency outside of Europe Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Accepted Answer

Create an accelerator in AWS Global Accelerator. Attach the accelerator to the CloudFront distribution.

Accepted Answer

Change the API Gateway Regional endpoints to edge-optimized endpoints.

Answer

Enable S3 Transfer Acceleration on the S3 bucket. Ensure that the web application uses the Transfer Acceleration signed URLs.

Answer

Provision the entire stack in two other locations that are spread across the world. Use global databases on the Aurora Serverless cluster.

Answer

Add an Amazon RDS proxy between the Lambda functions and the Aurora Serverless database.

Amazon SAP-C01 Practice Test 10

Amazon SAP-C01 Practice Tests

Amazon SAP-C01 Practice Test 10

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