CompTIA XK0-005 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 30

systemctl status httpd is the correct option to check if the Apache web server (httpd) is running. The systemctl status command provides detailed information about the service, including whether it is active and running.

systemctl stop systemd-journald systemctl start systemd-journald is the best approach among the given options. Stopping and starting the systemd-journald service can help in managing the disk space used by journal logs without manually deleting log files or using more aggressive cleanup methods. This method ensures that log management is handled gracefully by the system's own services.

The /etc/yum.conf file contains configuration settings for the YUM package manager. To exclude kernel updates, the administrator should add exclude=kernel* to the [main] section of this file. This ensures that all future YUM updates skip kernel packages, making the exclusion persistent.

The +t option sets the 'sticky bit' on a directory, which restricts deletion or renaming of files in the directory to the file's owner or the root user. This is commonly used in shared directories like /tmp, where multiple users may have access, but only the file owner should be allowed to modify their own files. The command chmod +t /directory/ applies this permission.

The oom-killer is invoked when the system runs out of memory, as indicated by the memory usage in the free -m output. Since swap space is not being used and physical memory is almost entirely consumed, adding more memory resources will prevent the system from running out of memory and invoking the oom-killer to terminate processes.

To enable IP forwarding, the kernel parameter net.ipv4.ip_forward must be set to 1. This is done by appending net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 to /etc/sysctl.conf and applying the changes using sysctl -p. This command ensures that the system can forward packets between different network interfaces.

The /sbin/nologin shell is used to prevent a user from logging in. To allow Joe to log in, the administrator should change his shell to /bin/sh, which is a standard login shell in Linux. This change will allow Joe to access the system normally.

The command iptables -A POSTROUTING -s 172.17.0.0/16 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE configures Network Address Translation (NAT) using iptables. This ensures that traffic from the internal network (172.17.0.0/16) going out through the eth0 interface will appear to be originating from the eth0 IP address. This is commonly used for internet-sharing or NAT setups in Linux.

The snap list command lists all installed snap packages on the system. It provides details such as the package name, version, and installation status. This command is useful for verifying whether a specific package was installed using the snap package manager.