ISTQB CTAL-TTA Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 11

Preparing for a code review is essential for understanding how the specific item under review interacts with other system components. This preparation allows the reviewer to identify potential integration issues or dependencies that could affect system functionality or performance. Adequate preparation ensures that the review is thorough and considers the broader system context, which is critical for ensuring that the system operates cohesively and according to specifications.

Static analysis is the best technique for identifying the root causes of issues in a legacy system where small functional enhancements take disproportionately long to implement. This technique involves examining the code without executing it to detect potential vulnerabilities, coding errors, and complexities. Static analysis can highlight problematic code segments and inefficient coding practices that may contribute to the increased time required for implementing changes, thereby assisting in addressing these systemic issues efficiently.

Stress testing is the most appropriate method for identifying weak areas in code that may cause performance issues, especially under conditions of extreme load or stress. This type of testing deliberately pushes the system beyond its normal operational capacity to see how it behaves under stress, which can help reveal vulnerabilities in error recovery and transactional integrity that are not apparent under normal conditions. Stress testing can provide early insights into potential failure points and help prioritize areas for improvement before full-scale deployment.

The most likely pair of requirements engineering techniques used to uncover the issues mentioned with the user story would be 'Storyboards and Personas.' This approach allows for a visual and persona-based exploration of how different users (such as drivers of different vehicle types and disabled drivers) would interact with the system. This technique helps in uncovering varied user needs and ensuring that all critical user interactions are considered during the development process.

The true statement about test automation is that test automation levels can be influenced by and can constrain the frequency of code deployments. This reflects the understanding that while test automation can speed up the validation of code changes, enabling more frequent deployments, it also requires that the automation is sufficiently robust to handle the pace and scope of these deployments without becoming a bottleneck.

The epic described has broad and overarching objectives that span multiple user groups and stakeholders, making it inherently dependent on other functionalities within the same system. This fails the 'Independent' criterion of INVEST, which suggests features should be self-contained. Moreover, the epic's scope suggests it's quite large, likely requiring splitting into smaller, more manageable stories, thus not meeting the 'Small' criterion. INVEST aims for manageable, independent increments that can be developed and validated quickly .

In addressing the scenario described in the question, the primary considerations for choosing a test approach include the focus on overhauling the user interface, adding new features, and addressing customer complaints in a high-risk environment due to potential customer loss. A regression-averse strategy is also highlighted as critical due to significant changes in design and functionality.

Option D (2) is marked with + for Exploratory Testing (manual) and for Black-box Testing, with Test Automation marked as not to be used (). This selection aligns best with the project's needs for several reasons:

Exploratory Testing (Highly Recommended): This type of testing is crucial in Agile projects, especially when dealing with UI changes and new functionalities. Exploratory testing allows testers to interact with the system in ways that typical scripted testing may not cover, making it ideal for catching unforeseen issues in new interfaces and features.

Black-box Testing (Recommended): This testing focuses on the functionality of the application without needing to understand the internal workings. Given the UI overhaul and feature additions, ensuring that the system behaves as expected from an end-user's perspective is necessary.

Avoidance of Test Automation (Not to be Used): While automation is valuable, focusing primarily on manual testing techniques like exploratory testing is suggested for this specific release due to the extensive UI changes and the need for creative and intuitive testing approaches that adapt quickly to newly developed features.

By using Option D, the test approach supports the dynamic and user-focused nature of the release, addressing both the technical aspects of functionality and the user experience enhancements that are central to this overhaul .

Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD) enhances both functional and non-functional aspects of the project, providing a collaborative approach to acceptance criteria that developers, testers, and stakeholders agree upon before development begins. Using ATDD alongside TDD (Test-Driven Development) ensures that both the internal system logic and the user-facing features adhere to the specified requirements, thereby increasing the likelihood of delivering a quality product that meets all stakeholders' expectations .

Test automation extends beyond just automating the test execution process; it also includes setting up and managing test environments and may involve configuring hardware, software, network settings, and other necessary services to enable comprehensive and effective testing. This holistic approach is crucial for maintaining consistency and reliability in testing across different stages and conditions .