ISTQB CTAL-TTA Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 9
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Question 81

Which of the following statements is true regarding fault seeding and fault injection tools?
Explanation:
Fault seeding and fault injection tools are used intentionally to introduce defects into a system or software to test the robustness of the test suite. This method helps in validating the effectiveness of the test processes and configurations by ensuring that the tests are capable of detecting and isolating inserted faults. It is a technique used to measure the quality of testing rather than debugging or performance compliance, which relates directly to the fundamental purpose of enhancing test coverage and the detection capability of the test suite .
Question 82

Which of the following is a common technical issue that causes automation projects to fail to meet the planned return on investment?
Explanation:
A common technical issue causing automation projects to fail in delivering the planned return on investment is the lack of maintainability in their design. Automation frameworks and scripts that are not designed with maintainability in mind can become cumbersome to update and scale as the software evolves. This results in increased costs and effort over time to keep the automation relevant and effective, which can erode the expected returns on investment from the automation initiative .
Question 83

You are working for a company that has a product in the field that has reached its capacity. The system cannot handle any more users without a significant degradation in performance and a significant spike in resource requirements. As a result, your new product has strict requirements for performance efficiency and a specific growth requirement that is estimated for the next three years.
What type of testing should you conduct to make sure the future requirements will be met?
Explanation:
For a product that has reached its capacity limits and requires testing to ensure it can handle projected growth, scalability testing is the most appropriate. Scalability testing evaluates a system's ability to manage an increasing workload without compromising performance or other operational capabilities. This type of testing will help confirm whether the system can handle the estimated increase in load, which is aligned with the strict performance efficiency and growth requirements for the next three years
Question 84

You are a senior Technical Test Analyst on a new government project for the Air Force. The software you are testing is used to control the hydraulics for the landing gear for a supersonic, stealth aircraft. You are responsible for organizing the white-box testing that will be performed for this project.
Which of the following would be the most appropriate technique to apply in this situation?
Explanation:
In a high-risk environment such as controlling aircraft hydraulics, Modified Condition/Decision Coverage (MC/DC) is crucial. This technique ensures that all conditions within a decision have been tested independently, which is vital for understanding the impact of each condition on the decision's outcome. MC/DC is often required in safety-critical systems like aerospace software to achieve a high level of confidence in the software's reliability and safety .
Question 85

Which of the following is true regarding maintainability?
Explanation:
Maintainability refers to how easily software can be maintained over time to correct faults, improve performance, or adapt to a changed environment. This quality factor becomes increasingly important the longer the system remains in the production environment because as systems age, they often require updates and modifications to continue meeting user needs effectively. This factor is critical for ensuring the system can be efficiently updated without causing downtime or significant expense.
Question 86

When conducting a data flow analysis of following section of pseudo code:
Declare Function_Biggest integer (inputl integer. Input2 Integer) }
Declare output Integer
Set output = inputl
If input2 > output then
Set output = input2
Endif
Return output
}
Which of the variables utilized above has a potential anomalie?
Explanation:
In the data flow analysis of the pseudocode, the variable output presents a potential anomaly. Initially, output is set to input1, but it may be overwritten if input2 is greater. The anomaly, specifically a 'definition-use' (du-path) issue, arises because there might be scenarios where output does not adequately reflect changes depending on the dynamic data flow influenced by the conditional. Proper testing and validation of such conditional structures are crucial to ensure that output consistently represents the largest of the two inputs as intended.
Question 87

Given the following code:
If x > y and z = 3 statement!
elself z = 4
statement2
endif;
What is the minimum number of tests needed to achieve 100% statement coverage?
Explanation:
To achieve 100% statement coverage, you need to ensure every executable statement in the code is executed at least once during testing. Given the code:
If x > y and z = 3 statement1 elseif z = 4 statement2 endif;
Two tests are required:
Test 1: Set x > y and z = 3 to execute statement1.
Test 2: Set z = 4 (irrespective of the condition x > y) to execute statement2.
With these two tests, both conditions that lead to the execution of statement1 and statement2 are covered.
Question 88

You are conducting security tests on an e-commerce application. Many core areas have been tested and found to have no issues. Protection of users' private information has also been verified. You are now focusing on testing the UI, which captures query information from the user. Which of the following defect types should you target in your testing?
Explanation:
In UI testing, especially for e-commerce applications where query information is captured from users, it's crucial to ensure that all user messages are accurate and clear. This includes error messages, information prompts, and any feedback provided to the user based on their input. Inaccurate user messages can lead to user confusion, dissatisfaction, and potentially improper use of the application, which might compromise data integrity or lead to user errors. Testing for inaccurate user messages ensures that users receive correct and useful information that guides their interaction with the application effectively. This focus aligns with UI testing best practices that prioritize user experience and error handling, as detailed in standards like ISO 9241, which focuses on ergonomics of human-system interaction.
Question 89

Given the following code:
If x > y and z = 3 statement!
elseif z = 4 statement
endif;
What is the minimum number of tests needed to achieve 100% decision coverage?
Explanation:
To achieve 100% decision coverage, you must ensure every decision in the code has been evaluated both to true and false. Given the code:
If x > y and z = 3 statement1 elseif z = 4 statement2 endif;
Two tests are required:
Test 1: Set x > y true and z = 3 to evaluate the first decision as true and execute statement1.
Test 2: Set z = 4 (ensuring the first condition x > y and z = 3 evaluates to false) to evaluate the elseif condition as true and execute statement2.
This testing ensures that both branches of the decision have been evaluated.
Question 90

The requirements specification of a product begins with this sentence:
'The xyz system will provide many new user functions. These must be easy for our operators to use and tolerant of user input errors. These new functions must also be easy to learn. Because of very high transaction rates and limited processing power, the software design must be very efficient. The system must be available as close to 24x7 as possible.
Which three ISO 25010 major quality characteristics should be tested for possible defects with this implementation?
Explanation:
The requirements specify a need for ease of use, high efficiency due to high transaction rates and limited processing power, and near-continuous availability. Therefore, the three ISO 25010 major quality characteristics most relevant are:
Usability: Ensures the system is easy to learn and use.
Performance Efficiency: Ensures the system manages its processing power and transaction rates efficiently.
Reliability: Ensures the system is available and functioning correctly as close to 24x7 as possible.
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