Confirmation testing is performed after:

a defect is fixed, and if such testing is successful then the regression tests that are relevant for such fix can be executed

a defect is fixed and after other tests do not find any side-effect introduced in the software as a result of such fix

a failed test, and aims to run that test again to confirm that the same behavior still occurs and thus appears to be reproducible

the execution of an automated regression test suite to confirm the absence of false positives in the test results

a defect is fixed, and if such testing is successful then the regression tests that are relevant for such fix can be executed

Which of the following statements about static testing and dynamic testing is true?

Both static testing and dynamic testing can be used to highlight issues associated with non-functional characteristics

Unlike dynamic testing, which can be also performed manually, static testing cannot be performed without specialized tools

Static testing is usually much less cost-effective than dynamic testing

Unlike dynamic testing, which focuses on detecting potential defects, static testing focuses on detecting failures which may be due to actual defects

Both static testing and dynamic testing can be used to highlight issues associated with non-functional characteristics

Which of the following is a test-first approach, where tests that express a shared understanding from stakeholders of how the application is expected to work, are first written in business-readable language (following the Given/When/Then format), and then made executable to drive development?

Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)

Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD)

Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)

A typical objective of testing is to

Verify the compliance of the test object with regulatory requirements.

Determine the most appropriate level of detail with which to design test cases.

Verify the compliance of the test object with regulatory requirements.

Plan test activities in accordance with the existing test policy and test strategy

Verify the correct creation and configuration of the test environment

Which of the following is an advantage of the whole team approach?

It helps team members develop better relationships with each other and make their collaboration more effective for the benefit of the project.

It helps avoid the risk of tasks associated with a user story not moving through the Agile task board at an acceptable rate during an iteration.

It helps team members understand the current status of an iteration by visualising the amount of work left to do compared to the time allotted for the iteration

It helps the whole team be more effective in test case design by requiring all team members to master all types of test techniques.

It helps team members develop better relationships with each other and make their collaboration more effective for the benefit of the project.

An application is subjected to a constant load for an extended period of time as part of a performance test While running this test, the response time of the application steadily slows down, which results in a requirement not being met This slowdown is caused by a memory leak where the application code does not properly release some of the dynamically allocated memory when it is no longer needed. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

The slowdown is a failure while the memory leak is a defect

The slowdown is a defect while the memory leak is an error.

The slowdown is an error; the memory leak is a defect.

The slowdown is a defect; the memory leak is a failure.

In addition to thorough testing of the requirements specification, a development team aims to involve users as early as possible in the development process, using practices such as prototyping, to ensure that the software systems being developed will meet the users' expectations. This approach is especially useful at mitigating the risks associated with one of the seven testing principles, which one?

Working software over comprehensive documentation.

Which of the following statements about traceability is FALSE?

Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables experience-based test techniques to be applied

Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, makes it possible to determine which test basis items have been covered by the executed test cases.

Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables experience-based test techniques to be applied

Traceability between test basis items and the test cases designed to cover them, enables identification of which test cases will be affected by changes to the test basis items.

Traceability can be established and maintained through all the test documentation for a given test level, such as from test conditions through test cases to test scripts.

Atypical generic skill required for the role of tester is the ability to

Use tools to make the execution of repetitive testing tasks more efficient.

Take on the role of developer to meet challenging project deadlines

Assume leadership aimed at imposing decisions on the rest of the team.

Use tools to make the execution of repetitive testing tasks more efficient.

Determine the corrective actions to get a test project on track in case of deviations from the test plan

Which of the following statements refers to a good testing practice that applies to all software development lifecycles?

Each test level should have its own specific test objectives that should be consistent with the software development lifecycle phase or type of activities it addresses.

Test analysis and design for any test levels should begin as soon as coding is complete, and all system components are available for testing

The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation.

All the tests should be automated and run as part of the continuous integration process with every software change

Which of the following statements about TDD, BDD and ATDD is TRUE?

Refactonng is a practice that is an integral part of TDD and is applied both to tests and to code wntten to satisfy those tests.

ATDD is a black-box test design technique that is applicable exclusively at acceptance test level.

BDD is a developer practice where business stakeholders are not usually involved as the tests are directly written at unit/component test level.

ATDD is the practice of running the automated acceptance tests as part of a continuous integration process.

Which of the following statements is TRUE'?

Black-box test techniques and experience-based test techniques may be applicable to both functional testing and non-functional testing

Unlike functional testing, non-fundional testing can only be applied to conventional systems, not artificial intelligence-based system.

Functional testing focuses on what the system is supposed to do, while white-box testing focuses on how well the system does what it is supposed to do

Functional testing can be applied to all test levels, while non-functional testing can be applied only to system and acceptance test levels.

Black-box test techniques and experience-based test techniques may be applicable to both functional testing and non-functional testing

After being in operation for many years, a document management system must be decommissioned as it has reached its end of life. This system will not be replaced by any other new system. A legal obligation provides that all documents within the system must be kept for at least 20 years in a state archive. Which of the following statements about maintenance testing for decommissioning of this system is TRUE?

Data migration testing is required as part of maintenance testing

No maintenance testing is required as this system will not be replaced.

Data migration testing is required as part of maintenance testing

Confirmation testing is required as part of maintenance testing.

Regression testing is required as part of maintenance testing

Which of the following statements about retrospectives is TRUE?

During retrospectives, in addition to identifying relevant process improvements, participants should also consider how to implement these improvements and retain them based on the context of the project, such as the software development lifecycle.

Only developers and testers should be involved in retrospectives, as involving people in other roles is very likely to prevent developers and testers from having open and constructive discussions that really help identify process improvements.

Retrospectives can be very effective in identifying process improvements and can also be very efficient and cost-effective especially since, unlike reviews, they do not require any follow-up activities

On Agile projects, well-conducted retrospectives at the end of each iteration can help the team reduce and sometimes even eliminate the need for dairy stand-up meetings.

During retrospectives, in addition to identifying relevant process improvements, participants should also consider how to implement these improvements and retain them based on the context of the project, such as the software development lifecycle.

Which of the following statements about the shift-left approach is FALSE?

The shift-left approach can only be implemented with test automation

The shift-left approach in testing is compatible with DevOps practices.

The shift-left approach can involve security vulnerabilities

The shift-left approach can be supported by static analysis tools.

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to a successful review?

All participants in the review are trained to deal with the review type and its objectives.

All participants in the review are aware they will be evaluated based on the defects they will find

The author of the work product to be reviewed leads the review meeting.

All participants in the review are trained to deal with the review type and its objectives.

Review metrics must be collected to improve the review process

Which of the following statements about static testing and dynamic testing is TRUE?

Static testing is better suited than dynamic testing for highlighting issues that could indicate inappropriate code modulansation.

Dynamic testing can only be applied to executable work products, while static testing can only be applied to non-executable work products.

Both dynamic testing and static testing cause failures, but failures caused by static testing are usually easier and cheaper to analyse.

Security vulnerabilities can only be detected when the software is being executed, and thus they can only be detected through dynamic testing, not through static testing

Which of the following statements about the typical activities of a formal review process is TRUE?

Choosing which standards to follow during the review process is usually made during review planning.

Individual review is only mandatory when the size of the work product under review is too large to cover at the review meeting

Various review techniques that may be applied by participants during individual review are described in the ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-3 standard.

Choosing which standards to follow during the review process is usually made during review planning.

One of the main goals of the review meeting is to make sure that all participants are aware of their roles and responsibilities in the review process

Which of the following answers describes a reason for adopting experience-based testing techniques?

Experience-based test techniques tend to find defects that may be difficult to find with black-box and white-box test techniques and are often useful to complement these more systematic techniques.

Experience-based test techniques provide more systematic coverage cnteria than black-box and white-box test techniques

Experience-based test techniques completely rely on the tester's past experience for designing test cases.

Experience-based test techniques allow designing test cases that are usually easier to reproduce than those designed with black-box and white-box test techniques.

Experience-based test techniques tend to find defects that may be difficult to find with black-box and white-box test techniques and are often useful to complement these more systematic techniques.

Which of the following statements about statement coverage is TRUE?

Achieving 80% statement coverage ensures that 80% of all executable statements within the code have been exercised.

Achieving 90% statement coverage ensures that 90% branch coverage is achieved.

Achieving 100% statement coverage ensures that no variable within the code has been used without being initialised.

Achieving 100% statement coverage ensures that 100% branch coverage is achieved

Achieving 80% statement coverage ensures that 80% of all executable statements within the code have been exercised.

Which of the following statements about white-box testing is FALSE?

Achieving full code coverage for a component or a system ensures that it has been fully tested

Static testing can benefit from using code-related white-box test techniques during code reviews.

White-box testing allows suggesting test cases for increasing coverage levels which are based on objective measures

Achieving full code coverage for a component or a system ensures that it has been fully tested

Black-box testing can benefit from using code-related white-box test techniques to increase confidence in the code.

Exploratory testing is an experience-based test technique

That can be organised into sessions guided by test charters outlining test objectives that will guide the testers' exploration

Where a developer and a tester work together on the same workstation while the developer actively writes code, the tester explores the code to find defects.

That can be organised into sessions guided by test charters outlining test objectives that will guide the testers' exploration

Where a team of testers explores all possible test techniques in order to determine the most suitable combination of these techniques to apply for a test project.

That aims at finding defects by designing tests that exercise all possible combinations of input values and preconditions

Which of the following statements about checklist-based testing is TRUE?

Checklists used in checklist-based testing should be reviewed periodically for updates as, over time, test cases designed using the same checklist may become less effective at finding defects.

Checklist-based testing is a technique for managing the review meeting that can be applied in those reviews where the use of checklists is mandatory, as is often the case in formal reviews.

Checklist-based testing is a review technique that can be used in a formal review process where reviewers, during individual review, try to detect issues within the work product based on a checklist

In checklist-based testing, using checklists at a high level of detail is more likely to produce test cases that are easier to reproduce than those using checklists at a low level of detail

Checklists used in checklist-based testing should be reviewed periodically for updates as, over time, test cases designed using the same checklist may become less effective at finding defects.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Acceptance criteria for user stories can include details on data definitions, for example by describing the format, allowed values, and default values for a data item

User acceptance tests are usually automated and aim to verify the acceptance criteria for user stories

Acceptance criteria for user stories can include details on data definitions, for example by describing the format, allowed values, and default values for a data item

Acceptance criteria for user stones should focus on positive scenarios, while negative scenarios should be excluded

Tests derived from acceptance criteria for user stories are not included in any of the four testing quadrants

A requirement specifies that if the total amount of sales (TAS) made during the year by a corporate seller is 300,000 or more, the bonus that must be paid to the seller is 100% of a certain amount agreed upon at the beginning of the year. The software contains a fault as it implements this requirement with the decision 'IF (TAS = 300,000)' instead of 'IF (TAS >= 300.000)'. The application of the 3-value boundary value analysis to this problem consists of the following three test cases (TAS is an integer variable):TC1 = 299,999 TC2=300,000 TC=300,001Which of the following statements is TRUE?

None of the three test cases would highlight the fault.

The following decision table is used to assist a doctor in determining the drug therapy to prescribe for a patient (aged 6 to 65 years) diagnosed with acute sinusitis. The table consists of three Boolean conditions and six actions Based only on the given information, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Columns 1 and 3 can be merged into a single column

Column 7 represents an impossible situation and thus can be deleted

Columns 1 and 3 can be merged into a single column

Columns 2, 4, 6 and 8 can be merged into a single column

Columns 5 and 7 can be merged into a single column

Consider the following user story about an e-commerce website's registration feature that only allows registered users to make purchases ; As a new user, I want to register to the website, so that I can start shopping online'The following are some of the acceptance criteria defined for the user story[a] The registration form consists of the following fields: username, email address, first name, last name, date of birth, password and repeat password.[b] To submit the registration request, the new user must fill in all the fields of the registration form with valid values and must agree to the terms and conditions.[c] To be valid, the email address must not be provided by free online mail services that allow to create disposable email addresses. A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid address is entered.[d] To be valid, the first name and last name must contain only alphabetic characters and must be between 2 and 80 characters long A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid first name and/or the last name is entered[e] After submitting the registration request, the new user must receive an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration formBased only on the given information, which of the following ATDD tests is MOST LIKELY to be written first?

The new user enters valid values in all the fields of the registration form, confirms to accept all the terms and conditions, submits the registration request and then receives an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form

The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the email address, where he/she enters an e-mail address provided by a free online mail service that allow to create disposable email addresses. Then he/she is informed by the website about this issue.

The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the first name, where he/she enters a first name with 10 characters that contains a number. Then he/she is informed by the website about this issue.

The user accesses the website with a username and password, and successfully places a purchase order for five items, paying by Mastercard credit card

The new user enters valid values in all the fields of the registration form, confirms to accept all the terms and conditions, submits the registration request and then receives an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form

Which of the following statements about the test pyramid is TRUE?

The higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more production code a single automated test within the layer tends to cover

Each layer of the test pyramid groups tests related to a single non-functional quality charactenstic.

The higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more production code a single automated test within the layer tends to cover

The higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more maintainable a single automated test within the layer tends to be

The higher the layer of the test pyramid, the more isolated a single automated test within the layer tends to be.

Which of the following about typical information found within a test plan is FALSE?

The list of the product risks which have not been fully mitigated at the end of test execution.

The need to temporarily have additional test personnel available for specific test phases and/or test activities

The conditions that must be met in order for the test execution activities to be considered completed.

The list of the product risks which have not been fully mitigated at the end of test execution.

The conditions that must be met for part of all the planned activities to be suspended and resumed.

Which of the following statements about the testing quadrants is TRUE?

Automated acceptance tests produced during BDD and ATDD are classified in quadrant 02.

The higher the number of the testing quadrant, the more important the tests associated with this quadrant are

Automated acceptance tests produced during BDD and ATDD are classified in quadrant 02.

Exploratory tests are classified in quadrant Q3, and they are usually included in a continuous integration process.

Automated unit tests produced during TDD are classified in quadrant Q4 as they are technology facing.

Consider the following examples of risks identified in different software development projects[1]. It may not be possible to generate the expected workloads to run performance tests, due to the poor hardware equipment of the machines (load injectors) that should generate these workloads.[ii]. A user's session on a web application is not invalidated after a certain period of inactivity (configured by the system administrator) of the user,[iii]. The test team will not have an adequate requirements specification (since many requirements will still be missing) by the time test design and analysis activities should begin according to the test plan.[IV]. Following a failure, the system is unable to continue to maintain its pre-failure operation and some data becomes corrupted.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[ii] and [IV] are product risks; [i] and [iii] are project risks

[ii]and [iii] are product risks. [I] and [IV] are project risks.

[i], and [iV] are product risks; [ii] and [iii] are project risks

[i], [II] and [iii] are product risks, [IV] is a project risk.

A test status report SHOULD:

Specify the impediments to carrying out the planned test activities in the reporting period and the corresponding solutions put in place to remove them

Be produced as part of test completion activities and report unmitigated product risks to support the decision whether or not to release the product

Always be based on the same template within an organisation, as its structure and contents should not be affected by the audience to which the report is presented.

Specify the lines of communication between testing, other lifecycle activities, and within the organisation that were chosen at the outset of the test project.

From a testing perspective, configuration management

Allows the tracking of all changes to versions of the testware.

Allows the expected results to be compared with the actual results.

Allows the tracking of all changes to versions of the testware.

Includes all activities that direct and control an organisation with regard to quality

Focuses on configuring static analysis tools to choose the most suitable breadth and depth of analysis.

Consider an estimation session in which a six-member Agile team (Memb1..... Memb6) uses the planning poker technique to estimate a user story (in story points). The team members will use a set of cards with the following values: 1,2, 3,5, 8,13,21. Below is the outcome of the first round of estimation for this session: Which of the following answers BEST describes how the estimation session should proceed?

Memb6 and Memb4 which have produced the most pessimistic and the most optimistic estimates respectively, should explain the reasons of their choices to stimulate a discussion between all members before proceeding to another estimation round

The final estimate of the user story in story points is determined by applying the three-point estimation technique with the following input values most optimistic estimate - 1, most likely estimate - 3, and most pessimistic estimate - 21

Further estimation rounds should be performed until all team members will pick the card having the same value: this value will represent the final estimate of the user story in story points.

The final estimate of the user story in story points is determined by calculating the average value between the most optimistic estimate of 21 story points (Memb4> and the most pessimistic estimate of 1 story point (Memb6)

Memb6 and Memb4 which have produced the most pessimistic and the most optimistic estimates respectively, should explain the reasons of their choices to stimulate a discussion between all members before proceeding to another estimation round

ISTQB CTFL4 Practice Test 6 - Free Online Exam Questions 201-240

Spam

Selling illegal goods, money scams etc.

Hate Speech

Serious attack on a group.

Harassment and bullying

Harassing an individual (including doxing)

Harmful activities

Threatening or glorifying violence or serious harm, including self-harm

Adult content (Consensual)

Nudity/Sexual content

Sexual exploitation and abuse (child safety)

Sexually explicit or suggestive imagery or writing involving minors

Sexual exploitation and abuse (adults and animals)

Sexually explicit or suggestive imagery or writing involving non-consenting adults or non-humans

Plagiarism

Reusing content without attribution (link and blockquotes)

Poorly written

Not in English or has very bad formatting, grammar, and spelling

Inappropriate credential

Author's credential is offensive, spam, or impersonation

Other

Ex. Illegal content, incomplete question...

ISTQB CTFL4 Practice Test 6

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