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How do privacy audits differ from privacy assessments?

A.

They are non-binding.

A.

They are non-binding.

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B.

They are evidence-based.

B.

They are evidence-based.

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C.

They are based on standards.

C.

They are based on standards.

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D.

They are conducted by external parties.

D.

They are conducted by external parties.

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Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

Privacy audits differ from privacy assessments in that they are evidence-based, meaning that they rely on objective and verifiable data to evaluate the compliance and effectiveness of the privacy program. Privacy assessments, on the other hand, are based on standards, meaning that they use a set of criteria or best practices to measure the performance and maturity of the privacy program. Privacy audits are usually conducted by external parties, while privacy assessments can be done internally or externally.Reference:CIPM Body of Knowledge, Domain III: Privacy Program Operational Life Cycle, Section A: Assess, Subsection 1: Privacy Assessments and Audits.

An organization's internal audit team should do all of the following EXCEPT?

A.

Implement processes to correct audit failures.

A.

Implement processes to correct audit failures.

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B.

Verify that technical measures are in place.

B.

Verify that technical measures are in place.

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C.

Review how operations work in practice.

C.

Review how operations work in practice.

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D.

Ensure policies are being adhered to.

D.

Ensure policies are being adhered to.

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Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

An organization's internal audit team should not implement processes to correct audit failures, as this is the responsibility of the management or the privacy office. The internal audit team should only verify that technical measures are in place, review how operations work in practice, and ensure policies are being adhered to. Implementing corrective actions would compromise the independence and objectivity of the internal audit team.Reference:CIPM Body of Knowledge, Domain III: Privacy Program Operational Life Cycle, Section A: Assess, Subsection 1: Privacy Assessments and Audits.

''Respond'' in the privacy operational lifecycle includes which of the following?

A.

Information security practices and functional area integration.

A.

Information security practices and functional area integration.

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B.

Privacy awareness training and compliance monitoring.

B.

Privacy awareness training and compliance monitoring.

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C.

Communication to stakeholders and alignment to laws.

C.

Communication to stakeholders and alignment to laws.

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D.

Information requests and privacy rights requests.

D.

Information requests and privacy rights requests.

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Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

''Respond'' in the privacy operational lifecycle includes information requests and privacy rights requests, which are requests from individuals or authorities to access, correct, delete, or restrict the processing of personal data. The privacy program must have processes and procedures to handle such requests in a timely and compliant manner. The other options are not part of the ''respond'' phase, but rather belong to other phases such as ''protect'', ''aware'', or ''align''.Reference:CIPM Body of Knowledge, Domain III: Privacy Program Operational Life Cycle, Section D: Respond.

If your organization has a recurring issue with colleagues not reporting personal data breaches, all of the following are advisable to do EXCEPT?

A.

Carry out a root cause analysis on each breach to understand why the incident happened.

A.

Carry out a root cause analysis on each breach to understand why the incident happened.

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B.

Communicate to everyone that breaches must be reported and how they should be reported.

B.

Communicate to everyone that breaches must be reported and how they should be reported.

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C.

Provide role-specific training to areas where breaches are happening so they are more aware.

C.

Provide role-specific training to areas where breaches are happening so they are more aware.

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D.

Distribute a phishing exercise to all employees to test their ability to recognize a threat attempt.

D.

Distribute a phishing exercise to all employees to test their ability to recognize a threat attempt.

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Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

Distributing a phishing exercise to all employees is not advisable to do if your organization has a recurring issue with colleagues not reporting personal data breaches. A phishing exercise is a simulated attack that tests the awareness and response of employees to malicious emails that attempt to obtain sensitive information or compromise systems. While phishing exercises can be useful to train employees on how to recognize and avoid phishing attacks, they are not directly related to the issue of reporting personal data breaches.The other options are more appropriate to address the root cause of the issue, communicate the expectations and procedures for reporting breaches, and provide specific training to areas where breaches are happening1,2.Reference:CIPM - International Association of Privacy Professionals,Free CIPM Study Guide - International Association of Privacy Professionals

Which of the following information must be provided by the data controller when complying with GDPR ''right to be informed'' requirements?

A.

The purpose of personal data processing.

A.

The purpose of personal data processing.

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B.

The data subject's right to withdraw consent

B.

The data subject's right to withdraw consent

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C.

The contact details of the Data Protection Officer (DPO).

C.

The contact details of the Data Protection Officer (DPO).

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D.

The name of any organizations with whom personal data was shared.

D.

The name of any organizations with whom personal data was shared.

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Suggested answer: C

If done correctly, how can a Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) create a win/win scenario for organizations and individuals?

A.

By quickly identifying potentially problematic data attributes and reducing the risk exposure.

A.

By quickly identifying potentially problematic data attributes and reducing the risk exposure.

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B.

By allowing Data Controllers to solicit feedback from individuals about how they feel about the potential data processing.

B.

By allowing Data Controllers to solicit feedback from individuals about how they feel about the potential data processing.

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C.

By enabling Data Controllers to be proactive in their analysis of processing activities and ensuring compliance with the law.

C.

By enabling Data Controllers to be proactive in their analysis of processing activities and ensuring compliance with the law.

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D.

By better informing about the risks associated with the processing activity and improving the organization's transparency with individuals.

D.

By better informing about the risks associated with the processing activity and improving the organization's transparency with individuals.

Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

A Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) is a process that organizations use to evaluate the potential risks associated with a specific data processing activity, and to identify and implement measures to mitigate those risks. By conducting a DPIA, organizations can proactively identify and address potential privacy concerns before they become a problem, and ensure compliance with data protection laws and regulations.

When organizations are transparent about their data processing activities and the risks associated with them, individuals are better informed about how their personal data is being used and can make more informed decisions about whether or not to provide their personal data. This creates a win/win scenario for organizations and individuals, as organizations are able to continue processing personal data in a compliant and transparent manner, while individuals are able to trust that their personal data is being used responsibly.

Additionally, by engaging with individuals in the DPIA process and soliciting their feedback, organizations can better understand the potential impact of their data processing activities on individuals and take steps to mitigate any negative impacts.

-https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/data-protection-impact-assessment-dpia-guidelines_en -https://gdpr-info.eu/art-35-gdpr/

Which of the following is NOT recommended for effective Identity Access Management?

A.

Demographics.

A.

Demographics.

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B.

Unique user IDs.

B.

Unique user IDs.

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C.

User responsibility.

C.

User responsibility.

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D.

Credentials (e.g.. password).

D.

Credentials (e.g.. password).

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Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a process that helps organizations secure their systems and data by controlling who has access to them and what they can do with that access. Effective IAM includes a number of best practices, such as:

Unique user IDs: Each user should have a unique ID that is used to identify them across all systems and applications.

Credentials: Users should be required to provide authentication credentials, such as a password or biometric data, in order to access systems and data.

User responsibility: Users should be made aware of their responsibilities when it comes to security, such as the need to keep their passwords secret and the importance of reporting suspicious activity.

Demographics refers to the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, income, etc. While demographic data may be collected and used for various purposes, it is not a recommended practice for effective IAM. Demographic data is not a reliable method of identification or authentication, and it is not used to provide access to systems and data.

https://aws.amazon.com/iam/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_and_access_management

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics

You would like to better understand how your organization can demonstrate compliance with international privacy standards and identify gaps for remediation. What steps could you take to achieve this objective?

A.

Carry out a second-party audit.

A.

Carry out a second-party audit.

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B.

Consult your local privacy regulator.

B.

Consult your local privacy regulator.

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C.

Conduct an annual self assessment.

C.

Conduct an annual self assessment.

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D.

Engage a third-party to conduct an audit.

D.

Engage a third-party to conduct an audit.

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Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

Engaging a third-party to conduct an audit is the best way to ensure that your organization is compliant with international privacy standards and identify any gaps that need to be remediated. An audit should include a review of your organization's data processing activities, as well as its policies, procedures, and internal controls. Additionally, it should include an analysis of the applicable privacy laws and regulations. This audit will provide you with an objective third-party assessment of your organization's compliance with international privacy standards and identify any areas of non-compliance that need to be addressed

If your organization has a recurring issue with colleagues not reporting personal data breaches, all of the following are advisable to do EXCEPT?

A.

Review reporting activity on breaches to understand when incidents are being reported and when they are not to improve communication and training.

A.

Review reporting activity on breaches to understand when incidents are being reported and when they are not to improve communication and training.

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B.

Improve communication to reinforce to everyone that breaches must be reported and how they should be reported.

B.

Improve communication to reinforce to everyone that breaches must be reported and how they should be reported.

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C.

Provide role-specific training to areas where breaches are happening so they are more aware.

C.

Provide role-specific training to areas where breaches are happening so they are more aware.

Answers
D.

Distribute a phishing exercise to all employees to test their ability to recognize a threat attempt.

D.

Distribute a phishing exercise to all employees to test their ability to recognize a threat attempt.

Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

Distributing a phishing exercise is not advisable when attempting to address the issue of colleagues not reporting personal data breaches. Instead, the recommended steps are to review reporting activity on breaches, improve communication, and provide role-specific training to areas where breaches are happening. These steps will help to ensure that everyone is aware of their responsibilities and that they understand how to report a breach should one occur.

https://www.itgovernance.co.uk/blog/5-reasons-why-employees-dont-report-data-breaches/

https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/guidance/report-cyber-incident

https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/guidance/phishing-staff-awareness

A systems audit uncovered a shared drive folder containing sensitive employee data with no access controls and therefore was available for all employees to view. What is the first step to mitigate further risks?

A.

Notify all employees whose information was contained in the file.

A.

Notify all employees whose information was contained in the file.

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B.

Check access logs to see who accessed the folder.

B.

Check access logs to see who accessed the folder.

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C.

Notify legal counsel of a privacy incident.

C.

Notify legal counsel of a privacy incident.

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D.

Restrict access to the folder.

D.

Restrict access to the folder.

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Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

The first step to mitigate further risks when a systems audit uncovers a shared drive folder containing sensitive employee data with no access controls is to restrict access to the folder. This can be done by implementing appropriate access controls, such as user authentication, role-based access, and permissions, to ensure that only authorized individuals can view and access the sensitive data.

https://www.sans.org/cyber-security-summit/archives/file/summit-archive-1492158151.pdf

https://www.itgovernance.co.uk/blog/5-reasons-why-employees-dont-report-data-breaches/

https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/guidance/report-cyber-incident

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