The Open Group OGEA-103 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 7

According to the TOGAF standard, the need for the ADM process to be governed is to ensure that the architecture development and implementation activities are conducted in a consistent, coherent, and compliant manner1. Governance provides the means to verify that the method is being applied correctly and effectively, and that the architecture deliverables and artifacts meet the quality and standards criteria1. Governance also enables the management of risks, issues, changes, and dependencies that may arise during the ADM process1.

Some of the benefits of governing the ADM process are2:

* Improved alignment of the architecture with the business strategy and objectives

* Enhanced stakeholder engagement and communication

* Increased reuse and integration of architecture assets and resources

* Reduced complexity and duplication of architecture efforts

* Increased agility and adaptability of the architecture to changing needs and requirements

* Improved compliance and auditability of the architecture outcomes and outputs

An Enterprise Architecture Capability is the ability of the organization to perform effective and efficient architecture work, including the definition, governance, and management of its architectures2. The Preliminary Phase involves the following activities1:

* Reviewing the organizational context, scope, and drivers for conducting Enterprise Architecture

* Establishing the Architecture Capability desired by the organization, including the maturity level, roles, responsibilities, processes, and tools

* Defining and establishing the Organizational Model for Enterprise Architecture, which describes how the architecture function is organized and integrated within the enterprise

* Defining and establishing the Architecture Governance framework, which provides the mechanisms for ensuring the quality, consistency, and compliance of the architecture work

* Selecting and implementing the tools that support the Architecture Capability, such as repositories, modeling tools, and communication tools

* Defining the Architecture Principles that will guide and constrain the architecture work, based on the business principles, goals, and drivers of the organization

* Defining the Organization-Specific Architecture Framework, which is an adaptation of the generic TOGAF ADM to suit the specific requirements, standards, and practices of the organization

The Preliminary Phase is essential for preparing the organization for the successful development and implementation of its architectures, as well as for ensuring the alignment of the architecture work with the business strategy and objectives1.

According to the TOGAF standard, the objectives of each ADM phase are as follows1:

* Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions

o Determine whether an incremental approach is required, and if so identify Transition Architectures that will deliver continuous business value

o Identify and group major work packages within the Architecture Roadmap

o Identify and group major implementation projects to realize the Architecture Roadmap

o Identify dependencies between increments and projects

o Estimate cost, benefit, and risk at a high level for each increment and project

o Conduct initial prioritization and sequencing of the Architecture Roadmap and projects

* Phase F: Migration Planning

o Generate the initial complete version of the Architecture Roadmap, based upon the gap analysis and candidate Architecture Roadmap components from Phases B, C, and D

o Confirm the Transition Architectures with relevant stakeholders

o Create the Implementation and Migration Plan, including Transition Architectures, work packages, projects, and other activities

o Confirm and agree the Architecture Roadmap and Implementation and Migration Plan with relevant stakeholders

* Phase G: Implementation Governance

o Finalize the Architecture Roadmap and the supporting Implementation and Migration Plan

o Ensure conformance with the Target Architecture by implementation projects

o Perform appropriate Architecture Governance functions for the solution and any implementation-driven architecture Change Requests

o Ensure that the architecture lifecycle is maintained

o Ensure that the Architecture Governance Framework is executed

* Phase H: Architecture Change Management

o Ensure that the business value and cost of work packages and Transition Architectures is understood by key stakeholders

o Manage risks and issues related to the Architecture Roadmap and Implementation and Migration Plan

o Monitor the implementation projects and Transition Architectures

o Manage changes to the architecture baseline

o Manage changes to the Architecture Capability

Therefore, the correct matching of the objectives and the phases is:

* 1G: Determine whether an incremental approach is required, and if so identify Transition Architectures that will deliver continuous business value

* 2E: Generate the initial complete version of the Architecture Roadmap, based upon the gap analysis and candidate Architecture Roadmap components from Phases B, C, and D

* 3F: Finalize the Architecture Roadmap and the supporting Implementation and Migration Plan

* 4F: Ensure that the business value and cost of work packages and Transition Architectures is understood by key stakeholders

EA applies architecture principles and practices to analyze, design, plan, and implement enterprise analysis that supports digital transformation, IT growth, and the modernization of IT2. EA also helps organizations improve the efficiency, timeliness, and reliability of business information, as well as the alignment, agility, and adaptability of the architecture to the changing needs and requirements3. Therefore, the best summary of the purpose of EA is to guide effective change.

Based on the illustration, the phase of the ADM labeled as item 2 is the Implementation Governance phase. This phase provides architectural oversight for the implementation. It ensures that the implementation project conforms to the architecture. It also provides a framework for monitoring and managing the implementation.

The Implementation Governance phase involves the following activities:

Finalizing the Architecture Roadmap and the supporting Implementation and Migration Plan

Assigning an Architecture Board to oversee the implementation

Establishing Architecture Contracts with the implementation partners

Reviewing and approving the implementation project plans and deliverables

Performing Architecture Compliance reviews to ensure alignment with the architecture

Performing Architecture Audit reviews to ensure quality and performance of the architecture

Resolving any architecture issues or change requests that arise during the implementation

Maintaining the architecture lifecycle and ensuring its continuity

The Implementation Governance phase is essential for ensuring that the architecture is realized as intended and that it delivers the expected business value and outcomes.

Risk management is a generic technique that can be applied across all phases of the Architecture Development Method (ADM), as well as in the Preliminary Phase and the Requirements Management Phase2. Risk management involves the following steps1:

* Risk identification: This step involves identifying the potential risks that may affect the architecture project, such as technical, business, organizational, environmental, or legal risks. The risks can be identified through various sources, such as stakeholder interviews, workshops, surveys, checklists, historical data, or expert judgment.

* Risk classification: This step involves categorizing the risks based on their nature, source, impact, and priority. The risks can be classified according to different criteria, such as time, cost, scope, quality, security, or compliance. The classification helps in prioritizing the risks and allocating resources and efforts to address them effectively.

* Initial risk assessment: This step involves assessing the likelihood and impact of each risk, and determining the initial level of risk. The likelihood is the probability of the risk occurring, and the impact is the severity of the consequences if the risk occurs. The initial level of risk is the product of the likelihood and impact, and it indicates the urgency and importance of the risk. The initial risk assessment helps in identifying the most critical risks that need immediate attention and mitigation.