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A medical company is building a data lake on Amazon S3. The data must be encrypted in transit and at rest. The data must remain protected even if S3 bucket is inadvertently made public. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
A company is developing a gene reporting device that will collect genomic information to assist researchers will collecting large samples of data from a diverse population. The device will push 8 KB of genomic data every second to a data platform that will need to process and analyze the data and provide information back to researchers. The data platform must meet the following requirements: Provide near-real-time analytics of the inbound genomic data Ensure the data is flexible, parallel, and durable Deliver results of processing to a data warehouse Which strategy should a solutions architect use to meet these requirements?
A solutions architect needs to advise a company on how to migrate its on-premises data processing application to the AWS Cloud. Currently, users upload input files through a web portal. The web server then stores the uploaded files on NAS and messages the processing server over a message queue. Each media file can take up to 1 hour to process. The company has determined that the number of media files awaiting processing is significantly higher during business hours, with the number of files rapidly declining after business hours. What is the MOST cost-effective migration recommendation?
An online e-commerce business is running a workload on AWS. The application architecture includes a web tier, an application tier for business logic, and a database tier for user and transactional data management. The database server has a 100 GB memory requirement. The business requires cost-efficient disaster recovery for the application with an RTO of 5 minutes and an RPO of 1 hour. The business also has a regulatory for out-of-region disaster recovery with a minimum distance between the primary and alternate sites of 250 miles. Which of the following options can the Solutions Architect design to create a comprehensive solution for this customer that meets the disaster recovery requirements?
For AWS CloudFormation, which stack state refuses UpdateStack calls?
A Solutions Architect is migrating a 10 TB PostgreSQL database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The company’s internet link is 50 MB with a VPN in the Amazon VPC, and the Solutions Architect needs to migrate the data and synchronize the changes before the cutover. The cutover must take place within an 8-day period. What is the LEAST complex method of migrating the database securely and reliably?
A company’s processing team has an AWS account with a production application. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). The EC2 instances are hosted in private subnets in a VPC in the eu- west- 1 Region. The VPC was assigned the CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16. The billing team recently created a new AWS account and deployed an application on EC2 instances that are hosted in private subnets in a VPC in the eu-central-1 Region. The new VPC is assigned the CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16. The processing application needs to securely communicate with the billing application over a proprietary TCP port. What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement with the LEAST amount of operational effort?
A company is hosting a critical application on a single Amazon EC2 instance. The application uses an Amazon ElastiCache for Redis single-node cluster for an in-memory data store. The application uses an Amazon RDS for MariaDB DB instance for a relational database. For the application to function, each piece of the infrastructure must be healthy and must be in an active state. A solutions architect needs to improve the application's architecture so that the infrastructure can automatically recover from failure with the least possible downtime. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)
What is the maximum number of data points for an HTTP data request that a user can include in PutMetricRequest in theCloudWatch?
You have deployed a web application targeting a global audience across multiple AWS Regions under the domain name.example.com. You decide to use Route53 Latency-Based Routing to serve web requests to users from the region closest to the user. To provide business continuity in the event of server downtime you configure weighted record sets associated with two web servers in separate Availability Zones per region. Dunning a DR test you notice that when you disable all web servers in one of the regions Route53 does not automatically direct all users to the other region. What could be happening? (Choose two.)

Question 211

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A company is creating an account strategy so that they can begin using AWS. The Security team will provide each team with the permissions they need to follow the principle or least privileged access. Teams would like to keep their resources isolated from other groups, and the Finance team would like each team’s resource usage separated for billing purposes. Which account creation process meets these requirements and allows for changes?

A.
Create a new AWS Organizations account. Create groups in Active Directory and assign them to roles in AWS to grant federated access. Require each team to tag their resources, and separate bills based on tags. Control access to resources through IAM granting the minimally required privilege.
A.
Create a new AWS Organizations account. Create groups in Active Directory and assign them to roles in AWS to grant federated access. Require each team to tag their resources, and separate bills based on tags. Control access to resources through IAM granting the minimally required privilege.
Answers
B.
Create individual accounts for each team. Assign the security account as the master account, and enable consolidated billing for all other accounts. Create a cross-account role for security to manage accounts, and send logs to a bucket in the security account.
B.
Create individual accounts for each team. Assign the security account as the master account, and enable consolidated billing for all other accounts. Create a cross-account role for security to manage accounts, and send logs to a bucket in the security account.
Answers
C.
Create a new AWS account, and use AWS Service Catalog to provide teams with the required resources. Implement a third-party billing solution to provide the Finance team with the resource use for each team based on tagging. Isolate resources using IAM to avoid account sprawl. Security will control and monitor logs and permissions.
C.
Create a new AWS account, and use AWS Service Catalog to provide teams with the required resources. Implement a third-party billing solution to provide the Finance team with the resource use for each team based on tagging. Isolate resources using IAM to avoid account sprawl. Security will control and monitor logs and permissions.
Answers
D.
Create a master account for billing using Organizations, and create each team’s account from that master account. Create a security account for logs and cross-account access. Apply service control policies on each account, and grant the Security team cross-account access to all accounts. Security will create IAM policies for each account to maintain least privilege access.
D.
Create a master account for billing using Organizations, and create each team’s account from that master account. Create a security account for logs and cross-account access. Apply service control policies on each account, and grant the Security team cross-account access to all accounts. Security will create IAM policies for each account to maintain least privilege access.
Answers
Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

By creating individual IAM users for people accessing your account, you can give each IAM user a unique set of security credentials. You can also grant different permissions to each IAM user. If necessary, you can change or revoke an IAM user's permissions anytime. (If you give out your root user credentials, it can be difficult to revoke them, and it is impossible to restrict their permissions.)

Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/best-practices.html

Question 212

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Which of the following statements is correct about the number of security groups and rules applicable for an EC2-Classic instance and an EC2-VPC network interface?

A.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 5 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 500 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group.
A.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 5 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 500 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group.
Answers
B.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 500 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 5 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group.
B.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 500 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 5 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group.
Answers
C.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 5 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 500 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group.
C.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 5 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 500 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group.
Answers
D.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 500 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 5 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group.
D.
In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 500 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 5 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group.
Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

A security group acts as a virtual firewall that controls the traffic for one or more instances. When you launch an instance, you associate one or more security groups with the instance. You add rules to each security group that allow traffic to or from its associated instances. If you're using EC2-Classic, you must use security groups created specifically for EC2-Classic. In EC2-Classic, you can associate an instance with up to 500 security groups and add up to 100 rules to a security group. If you're using EC2-VPC, you must use security groups created specifically for your VPC. In EC2-VPC, you can associate a network interface with up to 5 security groups and add up to 50 rules to a security group.

Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-network-security.html

Question 213

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An organization is setting up RDS for their applications. The organization wants to secure RDS access with VPC. Which of the following options is not required while designing the RDS with VPC?

A.
The organization must create a subnet group with public and private subnets. Both the subnets can be in the same or separate AZ.
A.
The organization must create a subnet group with public and private subnets. Both the subnets can be in the same or separate AZ.
Answers
B.
The organization should keep minimum of one IP address in each subnet reserved for RDS failover.
B.
The organization should keep minimum of one IP address in each subnet reserved for RDS failover.
Answers
C.
If the organization is connecting RDS from the internet it must enable the VPC attributes DNS hostnames and DNS resolution.
C.
If the organization is connecting RDS from the internet it must enable the VPC attributes DNS hostnames and DNS resolution.
Answers
D.
The organization must create a subnet group with VPC using more than one subnet which are a part of separate AZs.
D.
The organization must create a subnet group with VPC using more than one subnet which are a part of separate AZs.
Answers
Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a virtual network dedicated to the user's AWS account. It enables the user to launch AWS resources, such as RDS into a virtual network that the user has defined. Subnets are segments of a VPC's IP address range that the user can designate to a group of VPC resources based on security and operational needs. A DB subnet group is a collection of subnets (generally private) that the user can create in a VPC and assign to the RDS DB instances. A DB subnet group allows the user to specify a particular VPC when creating the DB instances.

Each DB subnet group should have subnets in at least two Availability Zones in a given region. If the RDS instance is required to be accessible from the internet the organization must enable the VPC attributes, DNS hostnames and DNS resolution. For each RDS DB instance that the user runs in a VPC, he should reserve at least one address in each subnet in the DB subnet group for use by Amazon RDS for recovery actions.

Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_VPC.html

Question 214

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An organization is planning to use NoSQL DB for its scalable data needs. The organization wants to host an application securely in AWS VPC. What action can be recommended to the organization?

A.
The organization should setup their own NoSQL cluster on the AWS instance and configure route tables and subnets.
A.
The organization should setup their own NoSQL cluster on the AWS instance and configure route tables and subnets.
Answers
B.
The organization should only use a DynamoDB because by default it is always a part of the default subnet provided by AWS.
B.
The organization should only use a DynamoDB because by default it is always a part of the default subnet provided by AWS.
Answers
C.
The organization should use a DynamoDB while creating a table within the public subnet.
C.
The organization should use a DynamoDB while creating a table within the public subnet.
Answers
D.
The organization should use a DynamoDB while creating a table within a private subnet.
D.
The organization should use a DynamoDB while creating a table within a private subnet.
Answers
Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

The Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) allows the user to define a virtual networking environment in a private, isolated section of the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. The user has complete control over the virtual networking environment. Currently VPC does not support DynamoDB. Thus, if the user wants to implement VPC, he has to setup his own NoSQL DB within the VPC.

Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonVPC/latest/UserGuide/VPC_Introduction.html

Question 215

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MapMySite is setting up a web application in the AWS VPC. The organization has decided to use an AWS RDS instead of using its own DB instance for HA and DR requirements. The organization also wants to secure RDS access. How should the web application be setup with RDS?

A.
Create a VPC with one public and one private subnet. Launch an application instance in the public subnet while RDS is launched in the private subnet.
A.
Create a VPC with one public and one private subnet. Launch an application instance in the public subnet while RDS is launched in the private subnet.
Answers
B.
Setup a public and two private subnets in different AZs within a VPC and create a subnet group. Launch RDS with that subnet group.
B.
Setup a public and two private subnets in different AZs within a VPC and create a subnet group. Launch RDS with that subnet group.
Answers
C.
Create a network interface and attach two subnets to it. Attach that network interface with RDS while launching a DB instance.
C.
Create a network interface and attach two subnets to it. Attach that network interface with RDS while launching a DB instance.
Answers
D.
Create two separate VPCs and launch a Web app in one VPC and RDS in a separate VPC and connect them with VPC peering.
D.
Create two separate VPCs and launch a Web app in one VPC and RDS in a separate VPC and connect them with VPC peering.
Answers
Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a virtual network dedicated to the user's AWS account. It enables the user to launch AWS resources, such as RDS into a virtual network that the user has defined. Subnets are segments of a VPC's IP address range that the user can designate to a group of VPC resources based on the security and operational needs. A DB subnet group is a collection of subnets (generally private) that a user can create in a VPC and assign to the RDS DB instances. A DB subnet group allows the user to specify a particular VPC when creating the DB instances. Each DB subnet group should have subnets in at least two Availability Zones in a given region.

Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_VPC.html

Question 216

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A company operates an on-premises software-as-a-service (SaaS) solution that ingests several files daily. The company provides multiple public SFTP endpoints to its customers to facilitate the file transfers. The customers add the SFTP endpoint IP addresses to their firewall allow list for outbound traffic. Changes to the SFTP endpoint IP addresses are not permitted. The company wants to migrate the SaaS solution to AWS and decrease the operational overhead of the file transfer service. Which solution meets these requirements?

A.
Register the customer-owned block of IP addresses in the company’s AWS account. Create Elastic IP addresses from the address pool and assign them to an AWS Transfer for SFTP endpoint. Use AWS Transfer to store the files in Amazon S3.
A.
Register the customer-owned block of IP addresses in the company’s AWS account. Create Elastic IP addresses from the address pool and assign them to an AWS Transfer for SFTP endpoint. Use AWS Transfer to store the files in Amazon S3.
Answers
B.
Add a subnet containing the customer-owned block of IP addresses to a VPC. Create Elastic IP addresses from the address pool and assign them to an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Launch EC2 instances hosting FTP services in an Auto Scaling group behind the ALStore the files in attached Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes.
B.
Add a subnet containing the customer-owned block of IP addresses to a VPC. Create Elastic IP addresses from the address pool and assign them to an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Launch EC2 instances hosting FTP services in an Auto Scaling group behind the ALStore the files in attached Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes.
Answers
C.
Register the customer-owned block of IP addresses with Amazon Route 53. Create alias records in Route 53 that point to a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Launch EC2 instances hosting FTP services in an Auto Scaling group behind the NLB.Store the files in Amazon S3.
C.
Register the customer-owned block of IP addresses with Amazon Route 53. Create alias records in Route 53 that point to a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Launch EC2 instances hosting FTP services in an Auto Scaling group behind the NLB.Store the files in Amazon S3.
Answers
D.
Register the customer-owned block of IP addresses in the company’s AWS account. Create Elastic IP addresses from the address pool and assign them to an Amazon S3 VPC endpoint. Enable SFTP support on the S3 bucket.
D.
Register the customer-owned block of IP addresses in the company’s AWS account. Create Elastic IP addresses from the address pool and assign them to an Amazon S3 VPC endpoint. Enable SFTP support on the S3 bucket.
Answers
Suggested answer: A

Question 217

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A fitness tracking company serves users around the world, with its primary markets in North America and Asia. The company needs to design an infrastructure for its read-heavy user authorization application with the following requirements:

Be resilient to problem with the application in any Region.

Write to a database in a single Region.

Read from multiple Regions.

Support resiliency across application tiers in each Region.

Support the relational database semantics reflected in the application.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take? (Choose two.)

A.
Use an Amazon Route 53 geoproximity routing policy combined with a multivalue answer routing policy.
A.
Use an Amazon Route 53 geoproximity routing policy combined with a multivalue answer routing policy.
Answers
B.
Deploy web, application, and MySQL database servers to Amazon EC2 instance in each Region. Set up the application so that reads and writes are local to the Region. Create snapshots of the web, application, and database servers and store the snapshots in an Amazon S3 bucket in both Regions. Set up cross-Region replication for the database layer.
B.
Deploy web, application, and MySQL database servers to Amazon EC2 instance in each Region. Set up the application so that reads and writes are local to the Region. Create snapshots of the web, application, and database servers and store the snapshots in an Amazon S3 bucket in both Regions. Set up cross-Region replication for the database layer.
Answers
C.
Use an Amazon Route 53 geolocation routing policy combined with a failover routing policy.
C.
Use an Amazon Route 53 geolocation routing policy combined with a failover routing policy.
Answers
D.
Set up web, application, and Amazon RDS for MySQL instances in each Region. Set up the application so that reads are local and writes are partitioned based on the user. Set up a Multi-AZ failover for the web, application, and database servers.Set up cross-Region replication for the database layer.
D.
Set up web, application, and Amazon RDS for MySQL instances in each Region. Set up the application so that reads are local and writes are partitioned based on the user. Set up a Multi-AZ failover for the web, application, and database servers.Set up cross-Region replication for the database layer.
Answers
E.
Set up active-active web and application servers in each Region. Deploy an Amazon Aurora global database with clusters in each Region. Set up the application to use the in-Region Aurora database endpoints. Create snapshots of the web application servers and store them in an Amazon S3 bucket in both Regions.
E.
Set up active-active web and application servers in each Region. Deploy an Amazon Aurora global database with clusters in each Region. Set up the application to use the in-Region Aurora database endpoints. Create snapshots of the web application servers and store them in an Amazon S3 bucket in both Regions.
Answers
Suggested answer: B, D

Question 218

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An organization is planning to setup a management network on the AWS VPC. The organization is trying to secure the webserver on a single VPC instance such that it allows the internet traffic as well as the back-end management traffic. The organization wants to make so that the back end management network interface can receive the SSH traffic only from a selected IP range, while the internet facing webserver will have an IP address which can receive traffic from all the internet IPs.

How can the organization achieve this by running web server on a single instance?

A.
It is not possible to have two IP addresses for a single instance.
A.
It is not possible to have two IP addresses for a single instance.
Answers
B.
The organization should create two network interfaces with the same subnet and security group to assign separate IPs to each network interface.
B.
The organization should create two network interfaces with the same subnet and security group to assign separate IPs to each network interface.
Answers
C.
The organization should create two network interfaces with separate subnets so one instance can have two subnets and the respective security groups for controlled access.
C.
The organization should create two network interfaces with separate subnets so one instance can have two subnets and the respective security groups for controlled access.
Answers
D.
The organization should launch an instance with two separate subnets using the same network interface which allows to have a separate CIDR as well as security groups.
D.
The organization should launch an instance with two separate subnets using the same network interface which allows to have a separate CIDR as well as security groups.
Answers
Suggested answer: C

Explanation:

A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a virtual network dedicated to the user's AWS account. It enables the user to launch AWS resources into a virtual network that the user has defined. An Elastic Network Interface (ENI) is a virtual network interface that the user can attach to an instance in a VPC. The user can create a management network using two separate network interfaces. For the present scenario it is required that the secondary network interface on the instance handles the public facing traffic and the primary network interface handles the back-end management traffic and it is connected to a separate subnet in the VPC that has more restrictive access controls. The public facing interface, which may or may not be behind a load balancer, has an associated security group to allow access to the server from the internet while the private facing interface has an associated security group allowing SSH access only from an allowed range of IP addresses either within the VPC or from the internet, a private subnet within the VPC or a virtual private gateway.

Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-eni.html

Question 219

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A company has an application behind a load balancer with enough Amazon EC2 instances to satisfy peak demand. Scripts and third-party deployment solutions are used to configure EC2 instances when demand increases or an instance fails. The team must periodically evaluate the utilization of the instance types to ensure that the correct sizes are deployed. How can this workload be optimized to meet these requirements?

A.
Use CloudFormer to create AWS CloudFormation stacks from the current resources. Deploy that stack by using AWS CloudFormation in the same region. Use Amazon CloudWatch alarms to send notifications about underutilized resources to provide cost-savings suggestions.
A.
Use CloudFormer to create AWS CloudFormation stacks from the current resources. Deploy that stack by using AWS CloudFormation in the same region. Use Amazon CloudWatch alarms to send notifications about underutilized resources to provide cost-savings suggestions.
Answers
B.
Create an Auto Scaling group to scale the instances, and use AWS CodeDeploy to perform the configuration. Change from a load balancer to an Application Load Balancer. Purchase a third-party product that provides suggestions for cost savings on AWS resources.
B.
Create an Auto Scaling group to scale the instances, and use AWS CodeDeploy to perform the configuration. Change from a load balancer to an Application Load Balancer. Purchase a third-party product that provides suggestions for cost savings on AWS resources.
Answers
C.
Deploy the application by using AWS Elastic Beanstalk with default options. Register for an AWS Support Developer plan. Review the instance usage for the application by using Amazon CloudWatch, and identify less expensive instances that can handle the load. Hold monthly meetings to review new instance types and determine whether Reserved Instances should be purchased.
C.
Deploy the application by using AWS Elastic Beanstalk with default options. Register for an AWS Support Developer plan. Review the instance usage for the application by using Amazon CloudWatch, and identify less expensive instances that can handle the load. Hold monthly meetings to review new instance types and determine whether Reserved Instances should be purchased.
Answers
D.
Deploy the application as a Docker image by using Amazon ECS. Set up Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling and Amazon ECS scaling. Register for AWS Business Support and use Trusted Advisor checks to provide suggestions on cost savings.
D.
Deploy the application as a Docker image by using Amazon ECS. Set up Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling and Amazon ECS scaling. Register for AWS Business Support and use Trusted Advisor checks to provide suggestions on cost savings.
Answers
Suggested answer: D

Question 220

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A company has multiple AWS accounts and manages these accounts which AWS Organizations. A developer was given IAM user credentials to access AWS resources. The developer should have readonly access to all Amazon S3 buckets in the account. However, when the developer tries to access the S3 buckets from the console, they receive an access denied error message with no bucket listed. A solution architect reviews the permissions and finds that the developer’s IAM user is listed as having read-only access to all S3 buckets in the account. Which additional steps should the solutions architect take to troubleshoot the issue? (Choose two.)

A.
Check the bucket policies for all S3 buckets.
A.
Check the bucket policies for all S3 buckets.
Answers
B.
Check the ACLs for all S3 buckets.
B.
Check the ACLs for all S3 buckets.
Answers
C.
Check the SCPs set at the organizational units (OUs).
C.
Check the SCPs set at the organizational units (OUs).
Answers
D.
Check for the permissions boundaries set for the IAM user.
D.
Check for the permissions boundaries set for the IAM user.
Answers
E.
Check if an appropriate IAM role is attached to the IAM user.
E.
Check if an appropriate IAM role is attached to the IAM user.
Answers
Suggested answer: D, E
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