ECCouncil 112-51 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 7

The cloud layer of IoT architecture is the layer that hosts the servers that accept, store, and process the sensor data received from IoT gateways. The cloud layer also creates dashboards for monitoring, analyzing, and implementing proactive decisions to tackle the issue. The cloud layer provides scalability, reliability, and security for the IoT system. The cloud layer can use various cloud computing models, such as public, private, hybrid, or community clouds12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, IoT Architecture: The 4 Layers of an IoT System

A hub-and-spoke topology is a type of VPN topology that connects multiple remote offices to a central hub, usually the corporate head office, through VPN tunnels. The hub acts as a gateway for the remote offices to access the corporate network resources. However, the remote offices cannot communicate with each other directly, and have to go through the hub. This topology reduces the number of VPN tunnels required, but also increases the load and latency on the hub. In the scenario, John configured a central hub at the corporate head office, through which all branch offices can communicate, but denied communication between the remote offices. Therefore, the type of VPN topology implemented by John is hub-and-spoke12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Network Design Scenario #3: Remote Access VPN Design - Network Defense Blog

SIEM stands for Security Information and Event Management. It is a security solution that collects, analyzes, and correlates data from various sources, such as logs, network devices, applications, and security tools. SIEM provides real-time monitoring, threat detection, and security incident response activities. SIEM can help security professionals identify and mitigate security risks, comply with regulations, and improve the overall security posture of the organization12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, What is SIEM? Security Information and Event Management Explained

HitmanPro is a tool that is designed to identify and prevent malicious Trojans or malware from infecting computer systems or electronic devices. HitmanPro is a cloud-based malware scanner that can detect and remove various types of malware, such as viruses, ransomware, spyware, rootkits, etc. HitmanPro can also work alongside other antivirus programs and provide a second opinion on the security status of the system12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, HitmanPro - Malware Removal Tool | Sophos

RSA is a public-key cryptosystem that uses modular arithmetic and elementary number theory for Internet encryption and user authentication. RSA stands for Rivest-Shamir-Adleman, the names of the inventors of the algorithm. RSA allows users to generate a pair of keys, one public and one private, that are mathematically related. The public key can be used to encrypt messages or verify digital signatures, while the private key can be used to decrypt messages or create digital signatures. RSA is based on the difficulty of factoring large numbers, which makes it secure and widely used12.

Reference: What is Public-Key Cryptosystem in Information Security?, Network Defense Essentials (NDE) | Coursera

Deterrent controls are a type of physical security controls that use warning messages and signs to notify legal consequences and discourage hackers from making intrusion attempts. Deterrent controls aim to reduce the likelihood of an attack by creating a perception of risk or fear in the potential attackers. Deterrent controls can include fences, locks, alarms, cameras, guards, or security policies12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Understanding the Various Types of Physical Security Controls

A permissive policy is a type of Internet access policy that allows users to access the Internet from any device and any location, without any restrictions or security measures. A permissive policy provides convenience and flexibility for the users, but also exposes them to various risks, such as malware infection, data leakage, or cyberattacks. In the scenario, Sarah was accessing confidential office files from a remote location via her personal computer connected to the public Internet, and accidentally downloaded a malicious file onto her computer. This indicates that the organization had a permissive policy for Internet access12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Internet Access Policy: Definition and Best Practices

Role-based access control (RBAC) is a type of access control model that refers to assigning permissions to a user role based on the rules defined for each user role by the administrator. In RBAC, the administrator creates different roles and assigns them the appropriate access rights to the resources. The administrator then assigns users to those roles based on their job functions. This way, the administrator can manage the access of users to the resources without having to deal with each user individually. RBAC can simplify the administration, enhance the security, and improve the scalability of the access control system12.

Reference: Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and Role-Based Security