Isaca CISM Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 28

The most effective way to prevent information security incidents is to implement a security awareness training program for employees. Security awareness training provides employees with the knowledge and skills they need to identify potential security threats and protect their systems from unauthorized access and malicious activity. Security awareness training also helps to ensure that employees understand their roles and responsibilities when it comes to information security, and can help to reduce the risk of information security incidents by making employees more aware of potential risks. Additionally, implementing a security information and event management (SIEM) tool, deploying a consistent incident response approach, and deploying intrusion detection tools in the network environment can also help to reduce the risk of security incidents

A balanced scorecard is a tool that can be used to demonstrate the added value of an information security program by measuring and reporting on key performance indicators (KPIs) and key risk indicators (KRIs) aligned with strategic objectives. Security baselines, a gap analysis and a SWOT analysis are all useful for assessing and improving security posture, but they do not necessarily show how security contributes to business value.

The first step in developing an information security strategy is to identify key stakeholders who can provide support, guidance and resources for information security initiatives. These stakeholders may include senior management, business unit leaders, legal counsel, audit and compliance officers and other relevant parties. By engaging these stakeholders early on, an information security manager can ensure that the strategy aligns with business objectives and expectations, as well as gain buy-in and commitment from them. Determining acceptable levels of risk, creating a roadmap and performing a gap analysis are all important steps in developing an information security strategy, but they should follow after identifying key stakeholders.

Before conducting full-functional continuity testing, an information security manager should verify that teams and individuals responsible for recovery have been identified and trained on their roles and responsibilities. This will ensure that the testing can be executed effectively and efficiently, as well as identify any gaps or issues in the recovery process. Risk acceptance by the business, copies of plans kept offsite and plans documented in simple language are all good practices for continuity management, but they are not as important as having clear roles and responsibilities defined before testing.

An anomaly-based intrusion detection system (IDS) operates by gathering data on normal network behavior and using it as a baseline for measuring abnormal activity. This is important because it allows the IDS to detect any activity that is outside of the normal range of usage for the network, which can help to identify potential malicious activity or security threats. Additionally, the IDS will monitor for any changes in the baseline behavior and alert the administrator if any irregularities are detected. By contrast, signature-based IDSs operate by gathering attack pattern signatures from historical data and comparing them against incoming traffic in order to identify malicious activity.

The BEST course of action when an online company discovers a network attack in progress is to isolate the affected network segment. This prevents the attacker from gaining further access to the network and limits the scope of the attack. Dumping event logs to removable media and enabling trace logging may be useful for forensic purposes, but should not be the first course of action in the midst of an active attack. Shutting off all network access points would be too drastic and would prevent legitimate traffic from accessing the network.

The explanation given is: ''A BIA is a process that identifies and evaluates the potential effects of natural and man-made events on business operations. It helps to understand how critical systems are interrelated and what their dependencies are. A BIA also helps to determine the RTOs for each system. The other options are not directly related to understanding the relationships between critical systems.''

''An information security training program should be tailored to the specific roles and responsibilities of employees. This will help them understand how their actions affect information security and what they need to do to protect it. A generic training program that is focused on policy, business processes or recent incidents may not be relevant or effective for all employees.''