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How long are the messages kept on an SQS queue by default?

A.
If a message is not read, it is never deleted
A.
If a message is not read, it is never deleted
Answers
B.
2 weeks
B.
2 weeks
Answers
C.
1 day
C.
1 day
Answers
D.
4 days
D.
4 days
Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

The SQS message retention period is configurable and can be set anywhere from 1 minute to 2 weeks. The default is 4 days and once the message retention limit is reached your messages will be automatically deleted. The option for longer message retention provides greater flexibility to allow for longer intervals between message production and consumption.

A company uses Amazon EC2 instances to host applications for its customers. Recently, the company’s support team has received EC2 scheduled maintenance notifications regarding its EC2 instances. The support team wants to automatically perform a restart of any EC2 instances with a scheduled maintenance event before the scheduled date. Which solution will meet these requirements while requiring the MINIMUM amount of development effort?

A.
Create an AWS Systems Manager maintenance window with a Systems Manager Automation tast that uses the RebootInstnaces EC2 API operation to restart the affected EC2 instances. Attach the EC2 instances to the maintenance window. Configure AWS Health to invoke the maintenance window whenever a scheduledChange event for Amazon EC2 is generated.
A.
Create an AWS Systems Manager maintenance window with a Systems Manager Automation tast that uses the RebootInstnaces EC2 API operation to restart the affected EC2 instances. Attach the EC2 instances to the maintenance window. Configure AWS Health to invoke the maintenance window whenever a scheduledChange event for Amazon EC2 is generated.
Answers
B.
Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the StatusCheckFailed metric of each EC2 instance. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to recover any affected EC2 instance.
B.
Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the StatusCheckFailed metric of each EC2 instance. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to recover any affected EC2 instance.
Answers
C.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that matches scheduledChange events for Amazon EC2 from AWS Health. Configure the rule to run the AWS-RestartEC2Instance AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook.
C.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that matches scheduledChange events for Amazon EC2 from AWS Health. Configure the rule to run the AWS-RestartEC2Instance AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook.
Answers
D.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that matches scheduledChange events for Amazon EC2 from AWS Health. Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the EC2 API to list all EC2 instances with scheduled events and then uses the RebootInstances EC2 API operation to restart the affected EC2 instances. Configure the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule to invoke the Lambda function.
D.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that matches scheduledChange events for Amazon EC2 from AWS Health. Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the EC2 API to list all EC2 instances with scheduled events and then uses the RebootInstances EC2 API operation to restart the affected EC2 instances. Configure the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule to invoke the Lambda function.
Answers
Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

Reference: https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/ssm-ec2-stop-start-maintenance-window/

A DevOps engineer is deploying a new version of a company’s application in an AWS CodeDeploy deployment group associated with its Amazon EC2 instances. After some time, the deployment fails. The engineer realizes that all the events associated with the specific deployment ID are in a Skipped status, and code was not deployed in the instances associated with the deployment group. What are valid reasons for this failure? (Choose two.)

A.
The networking configuration does not allow the EC2 instances to reach the internet via a NAT gateway or internet gateway, and the CodeDeploy endpoint cannot be reached.
A.
The networking configuration does not allow the EC2 instances to reach the internet via a NAT gateway or internet gateway, and the CodeDeploy endpoint cannot be reached.
Answers
B.
The IAM user who triggered the application deployment does not have permission to interact with the CodeDeploy endpoint.
B.
The IAM user who triggered the application deployment does not have permission to interact with the CodeDeploy endpoint.
Answers
C.
The target EC2 instances were not properly registered with the CodeDeploy endpoint.
C.
The target EC2 instances were not properly registered with the CodeDeploy endpoint.
Answers
D.
An instance profile with proper permissions was not attached to the target EC2 instances.
D.
An instance profile with proper permissions was not attached to the target EC2 instances.
Answers
E.
The appspec.yml file was not included in the application revision.
E.
The appspec.yml file was not included in the application revision.
Answers
Suggested answer: B, C

A company uses AWS Storage Gateway in file gateway mode in front of an Amazon S3 bucket that is used by multiple resources. In the morning when business begins, users do not see the objects processed by a third party the previous evening. When a DevOps engineer looks directly at the S3 bucket, the data is there, but it is missing in Storage Gateway. Which solution ensures that all the updated third-party files are available in the morning?

A.
Configure a nightly Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) event to trigger an AWS Lambda function to run the RefreshCache command for Storage Gateway.
A.
Configure a nightly Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) event to trigger an AWS Lambda function to run the RefreshCache command for Storage Gateway.
Answers
B.
Instruct the third party to put data into the S3 bucket using AWS Transfer for SFTP.
B.
Instruct the third party to put data into the S3 bucket using AWS Transfer for SFTP.
Answers
C.
Modify Storage Gateway to run in volume gateway mode.
C.
Modify Storage Gateway to run in volume gateway mode.
Answers
D.
Use S3 same-Region replication to replicate any changes made directly in the S3 bucket to Storage Gateway.
D.
Use S3 same-Region replication to replicate any changes made directly in the S3 bucket to Storage Gateway.
Answers
Suggested answer: A

You run accounting software in the AWS cloud. This software needs to be online continuously during the day every day of the week, and has a very static requirement for compute resources. You also have other, unrelated batch jobs that need to run once per day at any time of your choosing. How should you minimize cost?

A.
Purchase a Heavy Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
A.
Purchase a Heavy Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
Answers
B.
Purchase a Medium Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
B.
Purchase a Medium Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
Answers
C.
Purchase a Light Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
C.
Purchase a Light Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
Answers
D.
Purchase a Full Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
D.
Purchase a Full Utilization Reserved Instance to run the accounting software. Turn it off after hours. Run the batch jobs with the same instance class, so the Reserved Instance credits are also applied to the batch jobs.
Answers
Suggested answer: A

Explanation:

Because the instance will always be online during the day, in a predictable manner, and there are a sequence of batch jobs to perform at any time, we should run the batch jobs when the account software is off. We can achieve Heavy Utilization by alternating these times, so we should purchase the reservation as such, as this represents the lowest cost. There is no such thing a "Full" level utilization purchases on EC2.

Reference: https://d0.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/Cost_Optimization_with_AWS.pdf

You need to replicate API calls across two systems in real time. What tool should you use as a buffer and transport mechanism for API call events?

A.
AWS SQS
A.
AWS SQS
Answers
B.
AWS Lambda
B.
AWS Lambda
Answers
C.
AWS Kinesis
C.
AWS Kinesis
Answers
D.
AWS SNS
D.
AWS SNS
Answers
Suggested answer: C

Explanation:

AWS Kinesis is an event stream service. Streams can act as buffers and transport across systems for in-order programmatic events, making it ideal for replicating API calls across systems. A typical Amazon Kinesis Streams application reads data from an Amazon Kinesis stream as data records. These applications can use the Amazon Kinesis Client Library, and they can run on Amazon EC2 instances. The processed records can be sent to dashboards, used to generate alerts, dynamically change pricing and advertising strategies, or send data to a variety of other AWS services. For information about Streams features and pricing, see Amazon Kinesis Streams.

Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/kinesis/latest/dev/introduction.html

If you are trying to configure an AWS Elastic Beanstalk worker tier for easy debugging if there are problems finishing queue jobs, what should you configure?

A.
Configure Rolling Deployments
A.
Configure Rolling Deployments
Answers
B.
Configure Enhanced Health Reporting
B.
Configure Enhanced Health Reporting
Answers
C.
Configure Blue-Green Deployments
C.
Configure Blue-Green Deployments
Answers
D.
Configure a Dead Letter Queue
D.
Configure a Dead Letter Queue
Answers
Suggested answer: D

Explanation:

Elastic Beanstalk worker environments support Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) dead letter queues. A dead letter queue is a queue where other (source) queues can send messages that for some reason could not be successfully processed. A primary benefit of using a dead letter queue is the ability to sideline and isolate the unsuccessfully processed messages. You can then analyze any messages sent to the dead letter queue to try to determine why they were not successfully processed.

You have an application which consists of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Between a particular time frame every day, there is an increase in traffic to your website. Hence users are complaining of a poor response time on the application.

You have configured your Auto Scaling group to deploy one new EC2 instance when CPU utilization is greater than 60% for 2 consecutive periods of 5 minutes. What is the least cost-effective way to resolve this problem?

A.
Decrease the consecutive number of collection periods
A.
Decrease the consecutive number of collection periods
Answers
B.
Increase the minimum number of instances in the Auto Scaling group
B.
Increase the minimum number of instances in the Auto Scaling group
Answers
C.
Decrease the collection period to ten minutes
C.
Decrease the collection period to ten minutes
Answers
D.
Decrease the threshold CPU utilization percentage at which to deploy a new instance
D.
Decrease the threshold CPU utilization percentage at which to deploy a new instance
Answers
Suggested answer: B

Explanation:

If you increase the minimum number of instances, then they will be running even though the load is not high on the website. Hence you are incurring cost even though there is no need. All of the remaining options are possible options which can be used to increase the number of instances on a high load. For more information on On-demand scaling, please refer to the below link.

Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/autoscaling/latest/userguide/as-scale-based-on-demand.html

A DevOps engineer at a company is supporting an AWS environment in which all users use AWS Single Sign-On. The company wants to immediately disable credentials of any new IAM user and wants the security team to receive a notification.

Which combination of steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

A.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that reacts to an IAM CreateUser API call in AWS CloudTrail.
A.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that reacts to an IAM CreateUser API call in AWS CloudTrail.
Answers
B.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that reacts to an IAM GetLoginProfile API call in AWS CloudTrail.
B.
Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that reacts to an IAM GetLoginProfile API call in AWS CloudTrail.
Answers
C.
Create an AWS Lambda function that is a target of the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule. Configure the Lambda function to disable any access keys and delete the login profiles that are associated with the IAM user.
C.
Create an AWS Lambda function that is a target of the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule. Configure the Lambda function to disable any access keys and delete the login profiles that are associated with the IAM user.
Answers
D.
Create an AWS Lambda function that is a target of the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule. Configure the Lambda function to delete the login profiles that are associated with the IAM user.
D.
Create an AWS Lambda function that is a target of the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule. Configure the Lambda function to delete the login profiles that are associated with the IAM user.
Answers
E.
Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that is a target of the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule. Subscribe the security team’s group email address to the topic.
E.
Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that is a target of the EventBridge (CloudWatch Events) rule. Subscribe the security team’s group email address to the topic.
Answers
F.
Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue that is a target of the Lambda function. Subscribe the security team’s group email address to the queue.
F.
Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue that is a target of the Lambda function. Subscribe the security team’s group email address to the queue.
Answers
Suggested answer: C, D, E

A DevOps Engineer has been asked to recommend a tool to deploy the components of a threetier web application. This application will use Amazon DynamoDB as a database Which deployment requires the LEAST amount of operational management?

A.
Use AWS CloudFormation to create a Classic Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group. Use AWS OpsWorks to create the application and database resources Deploy application updates with OpsWorks using lifecycle events
A.
Use AWS CloudFormation to create a Classic Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group. Use AWS OpsWorks to create the application and database resources Deploy application updates with OpsWorks using lifecycle events
Answers
B.
Use AWS OpsWorks to create a Classic Load Balancer, an Auto Scaling group application, and database resources Deploy application updates using OpsWorks lifecycle events
B.
Use AWS OpsWorks to create a Classic Load Balancer, an Auto Scaling group application, and database resources Deploy application updates using OpsWorks lifecycle events
Answers
C.
Use AWS OpsWorks to create a Classic Load Balancer Auto Scaling and application resources Use AWS CloudFormation to create the database resources Deploy application updates using CloudFormation rolling updates
C.
Use AWS OpsWorks to create a Classic Load Balancer Auto Scaling and application resources Use AWS CloudFormation to create the database resources Deploy application updates using CloudFormation rolling updates
Answers
D.
Use AWS CloudFormation to create a Classic Load Balancer an Auto Scaling group and database resources Deploy application updates using CloudFormation rolling updates
D.
Use AWS CloudFormation to create a Classic Load Balancer an Auto Scaling group and database resources Deploy application updates using CloudFormation rolling updates
Answers
Suggested answer: B
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