CompTIA CAS-004 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 49

Based on the output in the image, which shows weak cipher suites and vulnerabilities related to encryption padding, the padding oracle attack is the most likely. This type of attack exploits the way padding errors are handled during decryption, potentially allowing an attacker to decrypt sensitive information. The weak cipher suites and lack of forward secrecy further increase the likelihood of such an attack succeeding. CASP+ highlights padding oracle attacks as critical vulnerabilities, particularly in environments where weak encryption protocols are used.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 2.0 -- Enterprise Security Operations (Encryption and Padding Oracle Attacks)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Cryptographic Attacks and Cipher Vulnerabilities

While the company has implemented Single Sign-On (SSO) with strong passwords, additional security controls are required to mitigate attacks such as LDAP injections, brute-force, whaling, and spear-phishing. Two-factor authentication (2FA) provides an additional layer of security by requiring users to provide two different forms of authentication (e.g., a password and a security token or a biometric factor), reducing the likelihood of unauthorized access even if passwords are compromised. CASP+ emphasizes the importance of using multi-factor authentication mechanisms to strengthen access control and protect against such attacks.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 2.0 -- Enterprise Security Operations (Access Control and Multi-factor Authentication)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Implementing Two-Factor Authentication for System Access

In this case, the security engineer is assessing a web application that uses SAML, and dynamic analysis (also known as DAST -- Dynamic Application Security Testing) is the most appropriate method to identify potential authentication issues. Dynamic analysis tests the application in a runtime environment, allowing the engineer to identify vulnerabilities that arise during actual application execution, such as SAML misconfigurations or other authentication weaknesses. This is more effective for finding authentication issues compared to static analysis, which only reviews code without execution. CASP+ highlights the importance of dynamic testing in identifying real-world vulnerabilities, especially in web applications.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 2.0 -- Enterprise Security Operations (Dynamic Testing for Web Applications)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Authentication Testing in Web Applications with Dynamic Analysis

To prevent ransomware attacks and protect IT assets, the most secure options are:

Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR): Provides advanced threat detection, real-time monitoring, and response capabilities, which can help identify and mitigate ransomware attacks before they spread.

Sandboxing: Isolates suspicious files or software in a controlled environment where they can be analyzed for malicious behavior without affecting production systems.

Application Control: Ensures that only whitelisted, trusted applications can run, which can prevent ransomware from executing unauthorized or malicious code. Together, these controls provide a robust defense against ransomware by addressing detection, isolation, and prevention. CASP+ emphasizes the importance of combining detection and prevention strategies to mitigate sophisticated attacks like ransomware.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 2.0 -- Enterprise Security Operations (Endpoint Protection, Ransomware Mitigation)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Mitigating Ransomware with EDR, Sandboxing, and Application Control

The most appropriate technology for this virtualization solution is containers. Containers allow multiple services to run on a single host with isolated environments, while sharing the same kernel version and properties of the host operating system. Each container has its own instance of the operating system and runs independently from the others, meeting the requirement for separate environments with their own OS. Containers are more lightweight than full hypervisors and are ideal for running microservices in isolated environments. CASP+ emphasizes the use of containers in scenarios where services need to be isolated but share the same host OS kernel.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 3.0 -- Enterprise Security Architecture (Virtualization Technologies, Containers)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Virtualization and Containerization for Isolated Services

A risk-based threat modeling approach is the best recommendation to prevent the recurrence of major process issues during the development lifecycle. Threat modeling identifies potential security threats, vulnerabilities, and design flaws early in the development process by focusing on the specific risks posed to the system. By proactively identifying and addressing security concerns before they escalate, the development team can avoid the need for significant rewrites and ensure that security is embedded into the design of new projects. CASP+ emphasizes threat modeling as a critical activity to improve secure development practices.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 2.0 -- Enterprise Security Operations (Threat Modeling and Risk-Based Security Approaches)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Threat Modeling and Secure Development Lifecycle

Before determining which data should be deleted during a data cleanup project, it is critical to first review retention schedules. Retention schedules specify how long data must be retained to comply with legal, regulatory, or business requirements. Deleting data prematurely could result in non-compliance or the loss of important information. By consulting retention schedules, the security administrator ensures that data is deleted in a compliant and controlled manner, based on its retention policy. CASP+ highlights data retention management as a key element in data governance and security.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 1.0 -- Risk Management (Data Governance and Retention Policies)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Data Retention, Deletion, and Compliance Requirements

Email signatures provide non-repudiation, which ensures that the sender of an email cannot deny having sent it. A digital signature, when attached to an email, uses cryptographic techniques to verify the sender's identity and confirm the authenticity of the message. This feature helps establish trust by preventing tampering and ensuring the integrity of the communication. CASP+ emphasizes the role of digital signatures in ensuring non-repudiation in secure communication protocols.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 2.0 -- Enterprise Security Operations (Non-repudiation and Digital Signatures)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: Email Security and Non-repudiation with Digital Signatures

Digitally signed third-party certificates provide greater security assurance because they are verified by trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs) and offer protection against on-path (man-in-the-middle) interception. Private-key Certificate Signing Request (CSR) signage helps ensure that communication cannot be intercepted or modified by malicious actors. Self-signed certificates, on the other hand, are not trusted outside the local environment and do not provide the same level of protection against on-path attacks. CASP+ emphasizes the security benefits of using third-party-signed certificates for securing communications over public networks.

CASP+ CAS-004 Exam Objectives: Domain 3.0 -- Enterprise Security Architecture (PKI, SSL/TLS Certificates)

CompTIA CASP+ Study Guide: The Role of Certificate Authorities in Secure Communication