CompTIA CAS-004 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 5

Isolating the servers is the best immediate action to take after reporting the incident to the management team, as it can limit the damage and contain the ransomware infection. Paying the ransom is not advisable, as it does not guarantee the recovery of the data and may encourage further attacks. Notifying law enforcement is a possible step, but not the next one after reporting. Requesting that the affected servers be restored immediately may not be feasible or effective, as it depends on the availability and integrity of backups, and it does not address the root cause of the attack. Verified

Reference: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-ransomware-and-how-to-protect-yourself https://www.comptia.org/certifications/comptia-advanced-security-practitioner

A VPN (virtual private network) can provide secure connectivity for remote users to access servers hosted by the cloud provider. A CASB (cloud access security broker) can enforce policies and controls for accessing SaaS applications. A secure web gateway can monitor and filter user browser activity to prevent malicious or unauthorized traffic. Verified

Reference: https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-a-vpn

Spawning a shell using sudo and an escape string is a valid Linux post-exploitation method that can exploit a misconfigured sudoers file and allow a standard user to execute commands as root. ASIC password cracking is used to break hashed passwords, not to elevate privileges. Reading the /etc/passwd file may reveal usernames, but not passwords or privileges. Unquoted service path exploits are applicable to Windows systems, not Linux. Using the UNION operator is a SQL injection technique, not a Linux post-exploitation method. Verified

Reference: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-post-exploitation https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide

A TPM (trusted platform module) is a hardware device that can provide boot loader protection by storing cryptographic keys and verifying the integrity of the boot process. An HSM (hardware security module) is similar to a TPM, but it is used for storing keys for applications, not for booting. A PKI (public key infrastructure) is a system of certificates and keys that can provide encryption and authentication, but not boot loader protection. UEFI/BIOS are firmware interfaces that control the boot process, but they do not provide protection by themselves. Verified

Reference: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-a-tpm-trusted-platform-module https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide

Certificate pinning is a technique that can prevent HTTPS interception attacks by hardcoding the expected certificate or public key of the server in the application code, so that any certificate presented by an intermediary will be rejected. Cookies are small pieces of data that are stored by browsers to remember user preferences or sessions, but they do not prevent HTTPS interception attacks. Wildcard certificates are certificates that can be used for multiple subdomains of a domain, but they do not prevent HTTPS interception attacks. HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security) is a policy that forces browsers to use HTTPS connections, but it does not prevent HTTPS interception attacks. Verified

Reference: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-certificate-pinning https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide

MITRE ATT&CK is a threat management framework that provides a comprehensive and detailed knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations. It can help threat hunting teams to identify, understand, and prioritize potential threats, as well as to develop effective detection and response strategies. MITRE ATT&CK covers the entire lifecycle of a cyberattack, from initial access to impact, and provides information on how to mitigate, detect, and hunt for each technique. It also includes threat actor profiles, software descriptions, and data sources that can be used for threat intelligence and analysis. Verified

Reference:

https://attack.mitre.org/

https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/topic/top-threat-modeling-frameworks-stride-owasp-top-10-mitre-attck-framework/

https://www.ibm.com/topics/threat-management

The device event logs show that the device was in two different locations (New York and London) within a short time span (one hour), which indicates impossible travel. This could be a sign of a compromised device or account. The best response action is to disable the device's account and access while investigating the incident. Malicious installation of an application is not evident from the logs, nor is resource leak or falsified status reporting. Verified

Reference: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-impossible-travel https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide

Remotely wiping the device is the best way to secure the data on the lost device, as it would erase all the data and prevent unauthorized access. Requiring a VPN to be active to access company data may not protect the data on the device itself, as it could be stored locally or cached. Setting up different profiles based on the person's risk may not prevent data loss or theft, as it depends on the level of access and encryption. Requiring MFA to access company applications may not protect the data on the device itself, as it could be stored locally or cached. Verified

Reference: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-byod https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide