CompTIA N10-008 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 56

DHCP scope exhaustion is the situation when a DHCP server runs out of available IP addresses to assign to clients. DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, which is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other configuration parameters to clients on a network.

A DHCP scope is a range of IP addresses that a DHCP server can distribute to clients. If the DHCP scope is exhausted, new clients will not be able to obtain an IP address and connect to the network.

This can explain why the smart TV was not able to connect to the branch Wi-Fi on the first day, and why the bank laptop lost network access on the next day when the TV was connected. The technician should either increase the size of the DHCP scope or reduce the lease time of the IP addresses to avoid DHCP scope exhaustion. Reference: [CompTIA Network+ Certification Exam Objectives], DHCP Scope Exhaustion - What Is It? How Do You Fix It?

DEBUG is the log level that provides the most informative log information for troubleshooting a suspected configuration issue. Logging is a feature that allows network devices to record events and messages related to their operation and status. Logging can help network engineers to monitor, diagnose, and resolve network problems. Log levels are categories that indicate the severity or importance of a log message. Different log levels provide different amounts of detail and verbosity.

DEBUG is the lowest log level, which means it provides the most detailed and verbose information about every action and event that occurs on a network device. DEBUG can help network engineers to identify configuration errors, misbehaving processes, or unexpected outcomes. However, DEBUG can also generate a lot of noise and overhead, which can affect the performance and availability of the network device. Therefore, DEBUG should be used sparingly and only when necessary. Reference:

[CompTIA Network+ Certification Exam Objectives], Understanding Logging Levels - Cisco

802.1Q configuration is the most likely cause of the issue where a switch interface is not forwarding frames on a trunked port. 802.1Q is a standard that defines how to create and manage virtual LANs (VLANs) on a switched network. VLANs are logical segments of a network that group devices based on criteria such as function, department, or security level. VLANs can improve network performance, security, and manageability by reducing broadcast domains, isolating traffic, and enforcing policies. A trunked port is a switch port that can carry traffic from multiple VLANs over a single physical link by adding a VLAN tag to each frame. A VLAN tag is a 4-byte header that identifies the VLAN ID and priority of each frame. A trunked port requires 802.1Q configuration to specify which VLANs are allowed or disallowed on the port, and which VLAN is the native or untagged VLAN. If the 802.1Q configuration is incorrect or mismatched between switches, frames may be dropped or misrouted on the trunked port. Reference: [CompTIA Network+ Certification Exam Objectives], VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) Explained | NetworkLessons.com

The network administrator would configure scope options to set NTP settings for a specific subnet within DHCP. Scope options are settings that apply to a range of IP addresses that are assigned by a DHCP server. Scope options can include parameters such as default gateway, DNS server, and NTP server. By configuring the NTP server option for a specific scope, the network administrator can ensure that the devices in that subnet synchronize their clocks with the same time source. Reference: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Certification Study Guide, page 121; The Official CompTIA Network+ Student Guide (Exam N10-008), page 5-11.

The cause of the connection issue is a routing loop. A routing loop is a situation where a packet is forwarded in circles between routers, never reaching its destination. A routing loop can be caused by misconfigured or inconsistent routing tables, or by routing protocols that do not update their information properly. A routing loop can be detected by using the traceroute command, which shows the path taken by a packet from the source to the destination. The traceroute output in the image shows that the packet is bouncing back and forth between two routers, 10.12.2.1 and 10.12.2.2, indicating a routing loop. Reference: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Certification Study Guide, page 181; The Official CompTIA Network+ Student Guide (Exam N10-008), page 7-9.

The most appropriate shortened version of the IPv6 address ef82:0000:00O0:000O:0O00:1ab1:1234:1bc2 is ef82::1ab1:1234:1bc2. IPv6 addresses are 128-bit hexadecimal values that are divided into eight groups of 16 bits each, separated by colons. IPv6 addresses can be shortened by using two rules: omitting leading zeros within each group, and replacing one or more consecutive groups of zeros with a double colon (::). Only one double colon can be used in an address. Applying these rules to the given address results in ef82::1ab1:1234:1bc2. Reference: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Certification Study Guide, page 114; The Official CompTIA Network+ Student Guide (Exam N10-008), page 5-7.

The type of data center architecture that will most likely be used in a large SDN and can be extended beyond the data center is spine and leaf. Spine and leaf is a network topology that consists of two layers of switches: spine switches and leaf switches. Spine switches are interconnected to each other and form the core of the network, while leaf switches are connected to each spine switch and form the access layer of the network. Spine and leaf topology provides high scalability, performance, and flexibility for data center networks, especially for SDN (Software Defined Networking) environments that require dynamic traffic flows and virtualization. Reference: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Certification Study Guide, page 16; The Official CompTIA Network+ Student Guide (Exam N10-008), page 1-9.

The most effective security control to keep a company's physical perimeter protected against intrusions leveraged by social-engineering techniques is employee training. Employee training is a process of educating and raising awareness among staff members about security policies, procedures, and best practices. Employee training can help prevent social-engineering attacks, which are attempts to manipulate or deceive people into revealing sensitive information or granting unauthorized access to resources. Social-engineering techniques can include phishing, impersonation, tailgating, dumpster diving, or baiting. Reference: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Certification Study Guide, page 343; The Official CompTIA Network+ Student Guide (Exam N10-008), page 13-8.

A core switch is the most likely device causing the issue where users on each floor have stable connectivity, but do not have connectivity to other floors. A core switch is a high-performance switch that connects multiple access switches in a network. An access switch is a switch that connects end devices, such as computers and printers, to the network. A core switch acts as the backbone of the network, providing interconnection and routing between different subnets or VLANs. If the core switch is malfunctioning or misconfigured, it can prevent communication between different segments of the network, resulting in intermittent connectivity issues. Reference: [CompTIA Network+ Certification Exam Objectives], Core Switch vs Access Switch: What Are the Differences?