Salesforce Certified User Experience Designer Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 12

: A UX Designer should take the following steps to create and deliver responsible and transparent AI technology12:

C) Document model cards to clarify intended context and use cases.Model cards are standardized documents that provide essential information about a machine learning model, such as its purpose, performance, limitations, and ethical considerations3.Model cards can help UX Designers to communicate the design choices and trade-offs of their AI systems, and to ensure that they are aligned with the user needs and expectations4.

D) Provide clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations.Explanations are user-facing descriptions of how and why an AI system produces a certain output, such as a prediction, a recommendation, or a decision5.Explanations can help UX Designers to increase the transparency and trustworthiness of their AI systems, and to empower users to understand, control, and evaluate the AI outcomes6.

C) Document model cards to clarify intended context and use cases.

Model cards are documents that describe the intended use, performance, and limitations of AI models. They help ensure that the AI technology is being used responsibly and transparently, as they provide clear information about the model's context, data, and assumptions. This can help reduce the risk of unintended consequences and build trust with users.

D) Provide clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations.

Clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations help build trust with users and increase understanding of how the AI technology works. By providing an understandable explanation of how a prediction or recommendation was made, users can gain a better understanding of the technology and how it is intended to be used. This can also help reduce the risk of unintended consequences and improve accountability.

Service design is a practice that aims to design and deliver holistic, human-centered, and value-driven solutions that consider the needs and expectations of not only the individual users, but also the stakeholders, the employees, the partners, and the society involved in the service. Service design focuses on more than just the user interface or the user experience, but also on the processes, systems, interactions, touchpoints, and channels that enable the service to be delivered and consumed. Service design can help create engaging, connected, and social value-driven solutions that improve the quality, efficiency, and sustainability of the service .Reference:

: User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Module 1: Understand User Experience Design

: What is Service Design?

Service Design is a design practice that focuses on providing better experiences to users by understanding the context of their needs and how they interact with systems, services, and products. Service Design goes beyond User Experience Design by focusing on more than just individual people, and instead considers the entire ecosystem, including connected and social value-driven solutions. Salesforce provides more information on Service Design here:https://www.salesforce.com/resources/service-design/.

Inclusive design is a design approach that aims to create products and services that are accessible and usable by as many people as possible, regardless of their abilities, preferences, or circumstances. Some of the benefits of inclusive design are :

Extending access to more users: By considering the diverse needs and situations of users, inclusive design can expand the reach and impact of the product or service. For example, designing a website that is compatible with screen readers can benefit not only users who are blind or visually impaired, but also users who are in low-light environments or have low bandwidth.

Reducing friction for users in achieving their goals: By removing unnecessary barriers and providing multiple ways of interaction, inclusive design can enhance the user experience and satisfaction. For example, designing a mobile app that supports voice input and output can benefit not only users who have difficulty typing or reading, but also users who are multitasking or have their hands busy.Reference: : [UX Designer Certification Prep: Designing for Accessibility and Inclusion | Trailhead] : [Inclusive Design | Salesforce Developer Guide]

Inclusive design is a practice of designing products, services, and experiences that are accessible and usable for as many people as possible, regardless of ability, age, gender, race, language, or culture. By incorporating inclusive design practices, you can extend access to more users and reduce friction for users in achieving their goals. Salesforce provides more information on the benefits of inclusive design here:https://www.salesforce.com/blog/2020/11/what-is-inclusive-design.html.

The discovery phase is a crucial stage in any UX design project, as it helps to understand the user needs, business goals, and technical constraints of the problem1.The discovery phase typically involves various research methods, such as interviews, surveys, observations, and analytics, to gather data and insights about the users and the context of use2. The outputs of the discovery phase are artifacts that synthesize and communicate the findings and insights from the research. Some of the practices that should be considered for planning out the strategy for an upcoming discovery phase are:

Gather insight from end users: One of the main objectives of the discovery phase is to empathize with the end users and understand their goals, motivations, pain points, behaviors, and preferences.This can be done by conducting user research, such as interviews, surveys, focus groups, or usability tests, to collect qualitative and quantitative data from the target audience3. Gathering insight from end users helps to validate the assumptions and hypotheses about the problem and the solution, as well as to identify the user requirements and expectations for the design.

Establish the research plan and timeline: Before conducting any user research, it is important to establish a clear and realistic research plan and timeline. The research plan should define the research objectives, questions, methods, participants, and deliverables.The research timeline should specify the duration, frequency, and sequence of the research activities, as well as the deadlines and milestones for the deliverables4. Establishing the research plan and timeline helps to ensure that the discovery phase is well-organized, efficient, and effective, as well as to communicate the expectations and responsibilities to the stakeholders and the team members.

Understand the problem before moving to solutions: Another key practice for the discovery phase is to focus on understanding the problem before jumping to solutions. This means defining the problem statement, the scope, and the constraints of the project, as well as identifying the root causes, the symptoms, and the impacts of the problem. Understanding the problem before moving to solutions helps to avoid wasting time and resources on creating solutions that do not address the real needs and pain points of the users, or that are not feasible or viable for the business or the technology.

The other two options, considering platform-based before custom solutions and determining user acceptance criteria, are not practices that should be considered for planning out the strategy for an upcoming discovery phase.Considering platform-based before custom solutions is a practice that belongs to the design phase, not the discovery phase, as it involves choosing the best solution option based on the user research findings and the design principles5.Determining user acceptance criteria is a practice that belongs to the testing phase, not the discovery phase, as it involves defining the criteria that the solution must meet to be accepted by the users and the stakeholders6.

For Cloud Kicks' upcoming discovery phase, the three practices that should be considered are:

A) Understand the Problem Before Moving to Solutions: Establishing a clear understanding of theproblem and what the desired outcomes are before beginning the discovery phase is essential for successful project planning. This can be done by gathering data and insights from end users, conducting research, and understanding how the problem is currentlybeing addressed.

B) Gather Insight from End Users: Gathering insights from end users is a crucial step in the discovery phase. End users provide valuable feedback and insights into the problem and how a potential solution may work. This feedback can helpshape the overall project plan and help identify potential solutions.

C) Establish the Research Plan and Timeline: The research plan and timeline should be established before beginning the discovery phase. This should include a list of tasks to be completed, the resources needed, and a timeline for completion. This plan should be communicated to all stakeholders so everyone is aware of the project goals and timeline.

The designer should describe SLDS styling hooks as custom CSS properties that can easily style base and custom components. Styling hooks are placeholders in the SLDS style sheet that allow developers to customize the look and feel of their Lightning components by using the corresponding CSS custom properties. For example, the developer can change the background color of a button by setting the value of the --slds-c-button-brand-color-background custom property. Styling hooks are especially useful when working with web components and shadow DOM, as they enable component-level customizations without affecting the global styles. Styling hooks also provide consistency and performance benefits, as they leverage the SLDS design tokens and the native browser support for CSS custom properties.Reference:

:Styling Hooks - Lightning Design System

:SLDS Styling Hooks | Lightning Web Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

:SLDS Styling hooks in Lightning web components - Forcetrails

The designer should describe the Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) styling hooks as using standard CSS properties to easily style base and custom components. SLDS styling hooks allow developers to quickly and easily apply CSS classes to HTML elements, enabling consistent styling across both base and custom components. This allows developers to quickly and easily apply branding and styling to their Lightning Web Components, without needing to write custom CSS. For more information about SLDS styling hooks, please see the following Salesforce documentation:https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/documentation/lwc/lwc.use_slds_styles_hooks

A human-centered design process is a creative approach to solving people's problems that begins with identifying their needs and ends with creating solutions that meet those needs1.A human-centered design process typically involves the following steps in this order23:

Observation: This step involves researching and understanding the users, their context, their goals, their pain points, and their behaviors. Observation methods include interviews, surveys, ethnography, contextual inquiry, and data analysis.

Ideation: This step involves generating and exploring a wide range of possible solutions that address the users' needs and problems. Ideation methods include brainstorming, sketching, mind mapping, affinity diagramming, and storyboarding.

Prototyping: This step involves creating and testing low-fidelity or high-fidelity representations of the proposed solutions, such as mockups, wireframes, or interactive models. Prototyping methods include paper prototyping, digital prototyping, and rapid prototyping.

User Feedback: This step involves collecting and analyzing feedback from the users on the prototypes, such as their opinions, preferences, satisfaction, and suggestions. User feedback methods include usability testing, user testing, focus groups, and surveys.

Iteration: This step involves refining and improving the prototypes based on the user feedback, and repeating the prototyping and user feedback steps until the optimal solution is achieved. Iteration methods include agile development, design sprints, and A/B testing.

Implementation: This step involves deploying and launching the final solution to the users, and monitoring and evaluating its performance and impact. Implementation methods include release management, change management, and analytics.

The order in which CK's UX Designer should undertake the steps of the human-centered design process to achieve maximum impact is Observation > Ideation > Prototyping > User Feedback > Iteration > Implementation. This allows the designer to take into account the user's preferences and needs from the very beginning, as well as provide the user with feedback throughout the entire process. The order of steps for a human-centered design process is as follows:

Observation: Observing user behaviour and interactions to gain insights into their needs and preferences.

Ideation: Coming up with ideas for potential solutions based on the insights from the observation phase.

Prototyping: Creating a prototype of the potential solution to test out with users.

User Feedback: Gathering feedback from users on the prototype and making changes based on their feedback.

Iteration: Iterating on the prototype based on the feedback from users.

Implementation: Implementing the final solution.

For more information on the human-centered design process, please see the following Salesforce documentation:https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/ux_design_process

The next phase after discovery, research analysis, and ideation is prototyping, which is the process of creating low-fidelity or high-fidelity representations of the design solution that can be tested and validated with users and stakeholders. To prepare for this phase, the UX designer should determine what to prototype, which means deciding on the scope, the level of detail, the format, and the tools for creating the prototype. The UX designer should consider the following factors when determining what to prototype:

The goals and objectives of the prototype: What is the purpose of the prototype? What questions or hypotheses does it aim to answer or test? What feedback or data does it seek to collect?

The target users and audience of the prototype: Who are the users and stakeholders that will interact with or evaluate the prototype? What are their needs, expectations, and preferences? How will they access and use the prototype?

The features and functionality of the prototype: What are the key features and functionality that the prototype should include or exclude? How will they support the user goals and tasks? How will they demonstrate the value proposition and the design principles of the solution?

The fidelity and interactivity of the prototype: How realistic and detailed should the prototype be? How interactive and responsive should the prototype be? How will the prototype convey the look and feel, the content, and the behavior of the solution?

The tools and methods of the prototype: What tools and methods will be used to create and present the prototype? How will they affect the time, cost, and quality of the prototype? How will they facilitate the testing and validation of the prototype?

: User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Module 5: Design User Interfaces

: User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Module 6: Validate User Interfaces

: What is Prototyping?

The next phase for a UX designer after completing discovery, research analysis, andideation is to determine what to prototype. Prototyping is the process of creating a model, mock-up, or simulation of a user interface to test out ideas and gain feedback from users. Prototyping can be done in a variety of ways, from low-fidelity paper prototypes to high-fidelity digital prototypes. It is important to consider the purpose of the prototype and the amount of detail needed to accurately test out the user experience.

To prepare for the prototyping phase, a UX designer should review the researchdata and user insights gathered during the discovery, research analysis, and ideation stages. They should determine what needs to be tested out and create a plan for creating the prototype, considering the level of fidelity needed, the resources available, and the timeline. Additionally, they should consider what metrics they want to measure when testing the prototype, such as user engagement, usability, and satisfaction.

: To document user goals, common tasks, and pain points for a new service experience, the tool that a UX Designer should use is user personas. User personas are fictional representations of the target users, based on real data and research. User personas help the designer to understand the needs, motivations, behaviors, and expectations of the users, as well as their challenges and frustrations. User personas can also help the designer to prioritize features, create scenarios, and design solutions that are relevant and meaningful for the users.Reference: : UX Designer Certification Prep: Designing for User Research | Trailhead : User Personas | Salesforce Developer Guide

The human-centered design approach is a problem-solving technique that puts real people at the center of the development process, enabling designers to create products and services that resonate and are tailored to the audience's needs.The human-centered design approach typically involves four stages: clarify, ideate, develop, and implement1. The first stage, clarify, is dedicated to collecting data and observing the users to clarify the problem and how to solve it. Rather than developing products based on assumptions, designers conduct user research and assess user needs to determine what the users want. The clarify stage requires empathy---the capability of understanding another person's experiences and emotions.Designers need to consider the users' perspectives and ask questions to determine what products they're currently using, why and how they're using them, and the challenges they're trying to solve2.

Therefore, the activity that should come first in the human-centered design process is observing the medical staff while they use their existing portal. This activity will help the UX designer to understand the context, the goals, the pain points, and the preferences of the medical staff, as well as to identify the opportunities for improvement and innovation. The other activities, such as estimating the cost, writing technical requirements, and designing a mockup, belong to the later stages of the human-centered design process, after the problem and the user needs have been clearly defined.

The first activity inthe process when using a human-centered design approach to redesign a portal that medical staff use to report on patient demographics should be observing the medical staff while they use their existing portal. This is a critical step in the process, as ithelps to identify user needs, preferences, and behaviors so that the design of the new portal can be tailored to meet their specific needs.

Observing the medical staff while they use the portal will help to identify any existing problems and highlightareas where the portal can be improved. This can include issues with usability, functionality, and accessibility. Additionally, observing how the medical staff interact with the portal can help to identify any potential areas of improvement and uncover anyhidden requirements or user needs.