Cisco 200-301 Practice Test - Questions Answers, Page 12

With VRRP, the virtual router's MAC address is 0000.5E00.01xx , in which xx is the VRRP group.

Spine-leaf architecture is typically deployed as two layers: spines (such as an aggregation layer), and leaves (such as an access layer). Spine-leaf topologies provide high-bandwidth, low-latency, nonblocking server-to-server connectivity.

Leaf (aggregation) switches are what provide devices access to the fabric (the network of spine and leaf switches) and are typically deployed at the top of the rack. Generally, devices connect to the leaf switches.

Devices can include servers, Layer 4-7 services (firewalls and load balancers), and WAN or Internet routers. Leaf switches do not connect to other leaf switches. In spine-and-leaf architecture, every leaf should connect to every spine in a full mesh.

Spine (aggregation) switches are used to connect to all leaf switches and are typically deployed at the end or middle of the row. Spine switches do not connect to other spine switches.

We can see in this picture we have to type 64 hexadecimal characters (256 bit) for the WPA2 passphrase so we can deduce the encryption is AES-256, not AES-128.

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/wireless-mobility/wireless-lan-wlan/67134-wpa2-config.html

Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) is just a congestion avoidance mechanism. WRED drops packets selectively based on IP precedence. Edge routers assign IP precedences to packets as they enter the network. When a packet arrives, the following events occur:

1. The average queue size is calculated.

2. If the average is less than the minimum queue threshold, the arriving packet is queued.

3. If the average is between the minimum queue threshold for that type of traffic and the maximum threshold for the interface, the packet is either dropped or queued, depending on the packet drop probability for that type of traffic.

4. If the average queue size is greater than the maximum threshold, the packet is dropped. WRED reduces the chances of tail drop (when the queue is full, the packet is dropped) by selectively dropping packets when the output interface begins to show signs of congestion (thus it can mitigate congestion by preventing the queue from filling up). By dropping some packets early rather than waiting until the queue is full, WRED avoids dropping large numbers of packets at once and minimizes the chances of global synchronization. Thus, WRED allows the transmission line to be used fully at all times.

WRED generally drops packets selectively based on IP precedence. Packets with a higher IP precedence are less likely to be dropped than packets with a lower precedence. Thus, the higher the priority of a packet, the higher the probability that the packet will be delivered

If neither the enable password command nor the enable secret command is configured, and if there is a line password configured for the console, the console line password serves as the enable password for all VTY sessions -> The "enable secret" will be used first if available, then "enable password" and line password.

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/wireless/aironet-1200-series/70278-lap-faq.htmlA Lightweight Access Point (LAP) is an AP that is designed to be connected to a wireless LAN (WLAN)controller (WLC). APs are "lightweight," which means that they cannot act independently of awireless LAN controller (WLC). The WLC manages the AP configurations and firmware. The APs are"zero touch" deployed, and individual configuration of APs is not necessary.

Reference: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/wireless-mobility/wireless-lanwlan/81831-qos-wlc-lap.htmlCisco Unified Wireless Network solution WLANs support four levels of QoS: Platinum/Voice,Gold/Video, Silver/Best Effort (default), and Bronze/Background.